Svyatoslav, Prince of Kiev: Hoton da kuma faye hali

A adadi na Prince Svyatoslav Vsevolovicha - daya daga cikin mafi m da kuma ban sha'awa a cikin manyan Rasha XII karni. A lokuta daban-daban, ya kuwa yi mulki Tours Vladimir-Volyn, Novgorod-Seversky, Chernigov da Kiev. A soja kamfen na Svyatoslav tafi zagaye duk Rasha, ziyarci da nisa kudancin matakan da suka fara barazana ga nomadic Polovtsy.

farkon shekaru

Future Prince Svyatoslav aka haife game da 1123 a cikin iyali Vsevoloda Olgovicha, wanda ya yi mulki a cikin Chernigov, sa'an nan a Kiev. Gaskiyar shi ne cewa a farkon rabin na XII karni, kafin guda Old Rasha jihar karshe rududdugaggu cikin dozin mulkoki. Kowace daga cikinsu ke kula da wani takamaiman reshe na Rurik.

Svyatoslav mallakar Olgovich - don haka ya kira jimlace haife, wanda ya yi mulki a cikin Chernigov. A cikin lokaci Kiev har yanzu nominally dauke da babban birnin na Rasha, da kuma kowane manyan mulkin gargajiya iyali kokarin sa shi bisa iko. Uba Vsevolod Svyatoslav yi shi a 1139. Dan ya aika da gwamnan farko a Tour, sa'an nan - to Vladimir-Volyn. Saboda haka da yaron ya fara kwarewa da yarima.

Saka hannu cikin jayayya

Vsevolod Olgovich mutu a 1139. Bayan mutuwarsa kuma ya fara yin jihadi ga kursiyin Kiev. A tsohon domin, a lokacin da babban dan gaji mahaifinsa, aka hallaka, da kuma yanzu ga babban Rasha sarauta da'awar da dama sarakuna. Vsevolod ta gade shi da ɗan'uwansa Igor Olgovich. Duk da haka, wannan ya kasance m Izyaslav Mstislavovich, wanda mahaifinsa kuma da zarar ya mulki Kiev.

Wane ne Igor Kiev prince Svyatoslav Vsevolodovich? Shi ne ya kawu, dan haka kiyaye danginsa. Duk da haka, kawai 'yan watanni bayan hawa karaga, Igor aka kifar Izyaslav aika shi zuwa gidan sufi. Bayan wani lokaci wani m at duk aka kashe a lokacin rare tawaye a Kiev.

Ya ci sarauta a birnin Izyaslav Mstislavovich ayyana yaki Yuri Dolgoruky na Rostov-Suzdal sarauta. Ya aka kuma ba ƙi yi iko a kan Kiev. Svyatoslav a cikin rikici goyon Izyaslav, wanda ya masu juna biyu kawu, ya kuma ba shi da wani rabon gādon Volyn dama birane.

a Chernihiv

A 1157-1164 gg. Svyatoslav dokoki Novgorod-Seversky, da kuma bayan rasuwar kawun Svyatoslav Olegovich samu Chernigov - babban makoma da ya tseren. Prince ko da yaushe yana mai zaman kanta da manufofin. A 1169, ya bai goyi bayan Andreya Bogolyubskogo (daga Vladimir) a yaki da Kiev. A sakamakon yakin da aka unprecedented looting na dā da na arziki birni.

Da Kiev (mulki ta hanyar Mstislav Izyaslavovich) sõyayya a dukan hadaka na sarakuna. Yana hada nan da nan iyali Svyatoslav - uwan, Igor da Oleg Seversk, kuma daya kawai Svyatoslav ki shiga cikin yakin jayayya.

Bayan halakar Kiev ba na taka muhimmiyar rawa a Rasha (ta tafi zuwa birnin Rostov da Vladimir), duk da haka, ya kasance da wani kashi na hujja ga mutane da yawa kudancin sarakuna. A 1173 a birnin fara da'awar Jaroslav Izyaslavovich. Svyatoslav bai goyi bayan shi kuma ya ci birnin for dogon. A mayar da martani ga yakin da shi ya tafi dan uwan Oleg, da kewaye na Starodub.

Svyatoslav kuma bai zama a kusa da kuma dauki a kewaye da Novgorod-Seversky. Kawai a karshe lokacin ba rikici escalated a cikin wani babban-sikelin yakin basasa. Prince Svyatoslav bar Kiev, bayan duk, da rashin Jaroslav Izyaslavovichu koma zuwa Chernigov da zaman lafiya tare da dan uwan.

Rigingimu da Rostislavich

Kamar sauran kudancin shugabanninmu, Svyatoslav ya a Jihar m yaki da Polovtsy, tsara yankunan da hare-hare a kan iyakar garuruwa da kauyuka. A 1176, wani kawance da dama Rurik aka ci ta steppe, wanda ya kai ga sabon yankunan da looting. Svyatoslav, a cewa yaƙin neman zaɓe ba dauki bangare, nema a ce da na gaba Prince of Kiev Roman Rostislavovich hana gādonsa kane Dawuda, laifi na m sakamako na yaƙi da makiyaya.

A mulkin tsoho babban birnin kasar ƙi azabta ga waliyyinsa. A maimakon haka, da labari da ya tilasta ba Svyatoslav na Kiev. Ba da da ewa Chernigov prince gaske koma bankunan na Dnieper. Duk da haka, a cikin sabon wuri, sai ya kasance a cikin wani sosai mizani. Ko da yake Svyatoslav mallakar da kuma Kiev, sauran na Kiev ƙasar da yawa gidãje da garuruwa na zuwa dama 'yan'uwa Rostislavich mallakan, banda kasancewarsa mafi kuma Smolensk.

Wucin gadi asarar Kiev

A 1180 Svyatoslav Vsevolodovich Kievsky fara yaki da Rostislav. Ya kai hari a birnin Dawuda, amma ya rasa a wani lõkaci, Kiev, inda, a ɓõye koro Rurik (ma Rostislavich). Ko da yake Svyatoslav dokoki a kan bankunan na Dnieper da shekaru da yawa, ya ya mayar da hankali musamman a kan bukatun da ƙasarsa ta Chernigov sarauta. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa asarar Kiev ba buga wuya ta monarch damar.

Back a Chernigov, Prince fara shirya domin ci gaba da yaki tare da Rostislavich. Abin mamaki, duk da haka, yana da wani sabon abokin - dama a Vladimir Vsevolod Big gurbi. Wannan sarkin ayyana yaki kan gwamnan Romawa da Ryazan Glebovich - Majibinci, kuma dan-in Svyatoslav.

Daga Chernigov Vsevolod isa jakadun suka yi kokarin warware rikici. A shugaban tawagar yana da ɗa Svyatoslav Gleb. Vsevolod kama grand prince kãmamme cewa a gaskiya a furucin da yaki. A cikin abubuwan da suka bi a fili saukar da halayyar Svyatoslav Vsevolodovich. Ya kasance ba ji tsoro na yaki da dama mulkoki da kuma yanke shawarar farko dauki himma a hannuwansu.

Trekking a arewa maso gabashin kasar Rasha

Azabta Vsevolod iya kawai za a kai hari da ƙasarsa. Saboda haka Svyatoslav yi, lokacin da na fara a 1181 ya shahara Arewa Fe, a lokacin da ya jagoranci sojojin nasara da hanya zuwa 2000 kilomita. A yaƙin neman zaɓe ya samu halartar duk dangi, wanda kawai ya Svyatoslav. Trubčeŭsk Prince, Prince Seversky, sarkin Kursk da kuma sauran Olegovichy tsaya a karkashin daya banner.

Sashe na daga cikin hadedde sojojin bar Svyatoslav a Chernigov idan akwai hari Rurik Rostislavich. Key guda sojojin koma zuwa ga Vladimir. Vsevolod da Svyatoslav ta sojojin hadu a kan kishiyar bankuna na da ganewa. Yaƙin bai dauki wuri. Prince Vladimir aka karfafa a cikin duwatsu, inda harin shi ya musamman m. Vsevolod kansa wani aiki mataki aka dauka. A sakamakon haka, Svyatoslav saboda da farko na bazara ya juya a gaban shugabanci, saukar da hanya a kan wuta karamin gari na Dmitrov.

Sake a Kiev

Bayan da ya bar arewa maso gabashin kasar Rasha, Chernigov sojojin tafi birnin Drutsk inda kewaye juya Davyd Rostislavich. Prince gudanar ya tsere, amma sai ba tare da wani gwagwarmaya Svyatoslav tafi Kiev, inda a wannan lokacin ya zama sarkin da kuma dokoki har mutuwarsa. Chernihiv ya ba ɗan'uwansa, Jaroslaw.

A karshe taron na yakin basasa da aka yi wani yaƙi tsakanin squads Svyatoslav da Rurik. Rostislavich lashe. Kuma haka dai aka mayar da matsayi wannan tarihi. Rurik gane cewa Svyatoslav - Prince of Kiev, amma ya bar duk Kyiv ƙasar, baya daga babban birnin kasar da kanta. Vsevolod Big gurbi da zaman lafiya da aka kammala. A 1183 Sviatoslav Army da aka hannu a yaƙin neman zaɓe na Prince Vladimir a Volga Bulgaria.

The yaki tare da Polovtsy

A karshe ya zama Prince of Kiev, Sviatoslav ya mayar da hankali a kan yaki da babban barazana ga zaman lafiya Rasha - Polovtsy. Internecine yaki kawai exacerbate halin da ake ciki - makiyaya farin ciki don sun halarci a cikin rikici kamar yadda sojojin haya da kuma kai hari da kariyar ƙasar har Rurik kasance aiki bayyanãwa da dangantaka. Duk da yake da karfi Polovtsian khans sun Kobyak da Konchak. Svyatoslav ayyana yaki kan su. A 1184, ya jagoranci wani kawance da dama sarakuna (wanda ya hada har da Rurik Rostislavich) ya ci steppe a kan bankunan na kogin Khorol. Jagoranci rundunar 'Polovtsian ya Konchak. Ya kalilan gudanar ya tsere da kuma kauce wa kashe ku.

Galihu Khan Kobyakov. Ya taro da aka ma karya a cikin nasara yaƙi da Rasha tawagar. Svyatoslav lashe wani biyu nasara a kan Aurelie kogin. Kobyak aka kama da daga baya kashe a Kiev. Bayan abubuwan da suka faru na 1185 Polovtsy ba mamaye ya'yan sarakuna ƙasar more. Su hordes bayyana a Rasha ne kawai idan suka dauka a matsayin sojojin haya da hannu a feuds Rurik.

Duk da nasarar Svyatoslav, nan da nan cikin bakin ciki labarai zo a Kiev. Dan uwan Igor, wanda ya yi mulki a Novgorod-Seversky, ya yanke shawarar ba ya jinkirta da dangi da kuma shiga wani raba tafiya zuwa cikin hamada. A 1185 Cumans ci tawagar, da kuma sarkin da kansa aka dauka fursuna. Ba da da ewa da rabo daga cikin dan uwan samu daga Svyatoslav. "Lay" (babban samfuri na Old Rasha adabi) kawai ya gaya game da abubuwan da suka faru na m yaƙin neman zaɓe. Svjatoslav kamar yadda tsayayya m dangi zuwa waka wanda aka nuna hikima m da sarki duk kudancin shugabanninsu.

'yan shekarun nan

A 1187, ya rasu Bagalike prince Yaroslav Osmomysl. Bayan mutuwarsa gādon kaifi gwagwarmayar da ta Kudu-West na Rasha. A rikici da aka wuya da cewa shi ya tsoma baki tare da Hungarian King Bela III. Ya dauki Galich, ya miƙa su isar da wannan arziki birni Gleb dan Svyatoslav.

Prince of Kiev da aka je ba su amsa, amma wannan ci gaban ba na son Rurik Rostislavich. Gogayya tsakanin shi da Svyatoslav kai ga cewa ga wani ɗan gajeren lokaci a Galicia kafa wani dan Yaroslav Osmomysl Vladimir, wanda dauke wakĩli a kansu Vsevolod Big gurbi.

Gab da mutuwarsa Svyatoslav zo a cikin rikici tare da Ryazan shugabanninmu, da wanda Olegoviches wani iyakar rigingimu. War, duk da haka, bai faru ba. Ryazanschine yana cikin Sphere na rinjayar Vsevolod Big gurbi. Ya ƙi ba da izini ga Svyatoslav bayyanar shi, mãsu tsaro a kusa da kan iyakarta. A sakamakon haka, a cikin 1194 da Prince of Kiev ya soke shirya tafiya kuma ya mutu jim kadan bayan haka. The mutuwar Svyatoslav Vsevolodovich, shi ne mabudi ga kwanciyar hankali da zaman lafiya a Kudancin Rasha, ya haddasa wani yakin basasa tsakanin Olegovichy da Rostislavichi.