Sodium oxide

Sodium ne mafi yawan yanayi da amfani Alkali karfe a cikin lokaci-lokaci tebur rike da 11th wuri (adana a cikin ta farko kungiyar, da babban subgroup na 3rd zamani). By maida martani tare da oxygen siffofin peroxide Na2O2. Za mu iya cewa wannan shi ne mafi girma da oxide sodium? Lalle ne, haƙĩƙa ba, tun da wannan abu ba ya kasance a cikin aji na oxides, kuma ta tsarin dabara aka rubuta a cikin wannan tsari: Na-O-Ya-Na. Higher kira kamar oxides, a cikin abin da sinadari hade tare da oxygen, yana da wani babban mataki na hadawan abu da iskar shaka. Sodium yana daya kawai hadawan abu da iskar shaka Jihar +1. Saboda haka, domin wannan sinadari ra'ayi "mafi girma oxide" ba ya wanzu.

Sodium oxide ne wani inorganic abu, kwayoyin dabara shi Na2O. Matauni taro ne daidai 61,9789 g / mol. Yawa daga sodium oxide ne daidai 2,27 g / cm³. A bayyanar shi ne mai farin m nonflammable abu da ya narke a zazzabi na 1132 ° C da kuma tafasa a zazzabi na 1950 ° C da haka decompose. Lokacin da narkewa a cikin ruwa, da oxide reacts violently tare da shi, sakamakon samuwar sodium hydroxide, wanda ya kamata a kira hydroxide. Wannan dauki za a iya bayyana ta wurin lissafi: Na2O + H2O → 2NaOH. Babban hatsarin da sinadaran fili (Na2O) shi ne cewa shi reacts violently da ruwa, sa'an nan ya kafa wani m caustic Alkali.

sodium oxide za a iya shirya ta gasa da karfe zuwa da zazzabi sama 180 ° C a cikin wani yanayi da low oxygen abun ciki: 4Na + O2 → 2Na2O. A wannan yanayin ba shi yiwuwa a samu tsarki oxide, kamar yadda wani dauki samfurin zai dauke da har zuwa 20% na peroxide kuma kawai 80% na so samfur. Akwai wasu hanyoyi na samun Na2O. Alal misali, ta gasa a cakuda da peroxide tare da wani wuce haddi na karfe: Na2O2 + 2Na → 2Na2O. Bugu da ƙari, oxide da aka shirya ta maida martani sodium karfe tare da ta hydroxide: 2Na + NaOH → 2Na2O + H2 ↑, kazalika da irin yadda maida martani mai gishiri da nitrous acid tare da wani Alkali karfe: 6Na + 2NaNO2 → 4Na2O + N2 ↑. Duk wadannan halayen faru a wani wuce haddi na sodium. Bugu da ƙari, ta gasa da Alkali karfe carbonate zuwa 851 ° C za a iya samu da carbon dioxide da karfe oxide da dauki lissafi: Na2CO3 → Na2O + CO2.

da sodium oxide yana da wani pronounced asali Properties. Bugu da kari, shi reacts violently da ruwa, shi ne kuma rayayye hada kai da acid da kuma acidic oxides. A dauki tare da hydrochloric acid kafa gishiri da ruwa: Na2O + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H2O. Kuma ta maida martani da colorless lu'ulu'u na silicon dioxide da aka kafa Alkali karfe silicate: Na2O + SiO2 → Na2SiO3.

sodium oxide, a matsayin oxide da sauran Alkali karfe - potassium girma m muhimmancin yana ba. Wannan abu ne yawanci amfani da wani reagent, shi ne wani muhimmin bangaren masana'antu (soda-lemun tsami) gilashin da ruwa, amma ba wani ɓangare na Tantancewar tabarau. Yawanci, masana'antu gilashin ƙunshi game da 15% sodium hydroxide, 70% na silica (silicon dioxide) da 9% lemun tsami (oxide na alli). Carbonate Na hidima a matsayin juyi su runtse da yawan zafin jiki a da silica narke. Soda gilashin yana da ƙananan narkewa zafin jiki fiye da potassium-potassium-lemun tsami ko gubar. Shi ne ya fi kowa, amfani ga yi na taga gilashin da kuma gilashin kwantena (kwalabe da gwangwani) ga abubuwan sha, abinci da sauran kayayyaki. Glassware ne sau da yawa sanya daga zafin soda-lemun tsami-silica gilashi.

Soda-lemun tsami silicate gilashin samu ta hanyar dab raw kayan - carbonate Na, lemun tsami, dolomite, silicon dioxide (silica), aluminum oxide (alumina) da kuma kananan adadin jamiái (msl, Na sulfate, ammonium chloride, Na) - a cikin narkewa makera a yanayin zafi har zuwa 1675 ° C. Green ko ruwan kasa kwalabe shirya daga albarkatun kasa dauke da baƙin ƙarfe oxide. The adadin magnesium oxide da sodium oxide a gilashin ganga bayan gilashi, wadda ake amfani da samar da windows.