Shekara 1687. Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy: tarihi, description da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy (1687) shi ne na farko mafi girma ilimi ma'aikata a Rasha. Yana da aka kafa a birnin Moscow da kuma dade har 1814 la'akari da kara abin da ya ƙunshi na Greco-Slavic-Latin Academy.

labarin

A initiators sun mawãƙi, malama Saminu na Polotsk da Sylvester Medvedev - ya almajiri. 2 shekaru kafin mutuwar na farko da aka rubuta "Academic gata" - kafa shatan. Yana sa a gaba, a gaskiya, da ra'ayin kafa wata jami'a, horo abun ciki da kuma nan gaba hakkin cibiyoyin da aka gano. A samu na Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy, bisa Polotsky yarda shirya domin ilimi mutane daga cikin coci da kuma aikin farar hula.

Training da tsare-tsaren

A makarantar, ya yi tsammani Polotsk, ya sanar da Yaren mutanen Poland, Latin, Girkanci, da Slavic harsuna, "bakwai m arts" (piitika da rhetoric, nahawu, ilmin taurari, music, lissafi, Dialectics, falsafa) da kuma tauhidin. Dalibai da kuma malaman iya samun iko na musamman ga rector - "m majiɓinta,", kazalika da sarki, amma ba na gargajiya kotu. Saboda haka, shi ya kafa wani irin jami'a cin gashin. Ilimi ya kamata ya zama free. A daidai wannan lokaci dalibai da malanta ya za a nada, da kuma mazan malamai - fensho.

Polotsk bayyana abin da Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy. Ya nuna cewa ma'aikata za su saki da aminci firistoci don ya koya dalibai girmama da tsarki na addini ideas. The ayyuka na Academy of Polotsk tsakanin sauran abubuwa hada da goyon baya na yin katsalandan, da dama su yi hukunci da ridda. The ayyuka na ma'aikata kamata kuma sun hada da sa idanu ayyuka na sauran makarantu, da kuma gida malamai. A mayar da hankali na Academy aka kamata a ba da Girkanci harshe, wanda aka rubuta da mafiya yawa daga cikin liturgical littattafai.

Mun kafa smoothing

Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy an halitta a kan tushen da Epiphany da kuma Bugun Schools. A farko malamai suka zama 'yan'uwa Sophrony da Ioakim Lihudy. Tare da shawarwari na yabo na Eastern Jikoki, sun musamman zo a Moscow. A 'yan'uwa da wani encyclopedic ilmi sun likitoci Kottonianskoy Academy. Sophronius kuma Joachim sun sa duk kokarin da suke haifar da mafi girma na ruhaniya makarantun Rasha. Ya kamata a lura da cewa kawai 2 shekaru bayan mutuwar Polotsk ta "gata" (da kafa daftarin aiki na Academy) da aka yarda dama sa'an nan Fedorom Alekseevichem. Bayan shekaru uku da makaranta samu albarkar Ruhu Mai sarki.

A farko azuzuwan

Sun fara a 1685, na farko lokacin da suka gudanar a Epiphany sufi. Brothers Likhud horar da farko kawai Greek. Daga baya suka kumbura da ilimi shirin da ya sa a cikin ta bakin. A karshen 1866 shi ya fara gina wani gini raba a kan ƙasa na All-jin ƙai Ceto sufi, wanda aka sani da Zaikonospassky (a wuri - domin icon kusa da shi). Likhud yan'uwansa sun koma wani sabon gini a shekara 1687. A Slavic Greek Latin Academy zai hada karo na farko uku azuzuwan: babba, tsakiya da kuma ƙananan. Farko, da suka horar da 104 mutane. A shekara daga baya, da dalibai da aka 163, kuma a shekarar 1689,-m - 182.

horo

A hanya yana farawa da wani shiri aji. Sai aka kira shi da Rasha makaranta. Bayan ta kammala dalibai canjawa wuri. A gaba aji - School Littafi Greek Littattafai - da suka yi karatu Latin, Slavic kuma Greek wasika. Bayan haka, dalibai fara zuwa karatu da sauran batutuwa. A karshe hanya sanar da tauhidin, gabban, rhetoric, kimiyyar lissafi. Brothers Likhud kadai rubuta dukan littattafan a kan batutuwa. Gama sun riga sun mai samfurin na ilimi littattafai na Turai jami'o'i. A litattafan da aka hada da ayyukan Democritus, Aristotle, Campanella. Mun gabatar da su misalai na Tauhidi, matani da kuma wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu.

Abun da ke ciki dalibai

Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy dauki zuriyarsu yawa daban-daban iyalansu. A matsayin ɗan bonded, da m, da ango zai iya zama wani makwabcin na coci bauta wa da yaro na daraja ko mai daraja yarima. Wannan makaranta ta sha bamban daga sauran, shan dalibai a kan caste Lines. Bayan Rasha kafa a cikin shekara 1687 da Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy sanar Belarusians, Ukrainians, mutane daga cikin Commonwealth, Moldovans, Lithuania, baftisma Tatars, Georgians. A cikin jerin dalibai da aka ma wani Macedonian. Mazan dalibai sanar da ƙaramin, da kuma game da shi ya karfafa da primary malamai. Duk da cewa da gaske manufa ba bin da kadarori, da tallafin samu daban-daban dalibai.

A tarihin na Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy a cikin XVIII karni

A farkon karni na aka alama ta gwamnati sake fasalin Bitrus. Shãfe gyare-gyare da tsarin ilimi. A rayuwa na Academy fara wani sabon mataki. Yawan dalibai ya karu zuwa 600, ya karu da malamai, da library da aka fadada. A 1701, da ma'aikata da aka ba da matsayi na jihar academy. Bitrus ya fara kira malamai daga Lviv da Kiev, domin suna da wani ra'ayi game da tsarin na yammacin Turai ilimi. Babban harshen fara magana Latin. A tsawon lokaci da binciken da aka kafa a 12-15 shekaru. A yanayi na ilimi tsari ya kusa zuwa Yammacin Turai tsarin. Yanzu da Academy samar ba kawai malamai, amma kuma likitoci, masu fassara, ma'aikata.

m canje-canje

Mutane da yawa dalibai ba kammala karatun su zuwa mafi girma aji, da kuma bayan shekara ta fari ta nazarin bar a cikin likita, aikin injiniya, ilimin lissafi makaranta, domin sun san Latin. Yara daga matalautan iyalai fara aika ƙasashen waje. Akwai su da aka sanar da Persian, Turkish, Larabci, da kuma "wallafe-wallafen kimiyya", wanda aka yi karatu a lokaci a Faransa. A makarantar fara magana a Turai. Tare da izini daga cikin taron majalisar Krista, soma a 1721, da ma'aikata suka fara kai 'yan kasashen waje. Su daidaita da Rasha dalibai.

A 1708 da kuma 1710. 2 daga cikin hukuncin da aka bayar. Takardu wajabta yara na malaman karatu a "Latin kuma Helenanci makarantu", da kuma kawai a su karshen su iya ƙidaya a kan wani m yanka. Duk da haka, matasa ne ba m, a ilimi. A wannan batun, tun 1721 da majalisar Krista bukaci receipts daga firistoci da cewa su yara za su kammala karatu daga makaranta.

A Academy ya ba mashahuri a cikin nobility, domin shi ne quite mai yawa dalibai daga matalautan iyalai. A 1729 da rabi na dalibai sun yara sojoji. Mutane da yawa dalibai - mutane daga kowa mutane ya sami kudi don samar wa kansu iko. A wannan ãƙibar babban M. V. Lomonosova. Cikin shekaru biyar ya rayu kusan yunwa, amma horo ne da ba ya ragu. Bayan kammala karatu yara na manoma kõma zuwa ga gidan haya. Tun 1277 na kowa mutane tsaya shan makarantar kimiyya.

ban sha'awa facts

Wanne sarrafa daga shekara 1687, da Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy shi ne mafi m tarin littattafai a Rasha. Da gudanar da ma'aikata gaba ɗaya a tutur usufruct aka canjawa wuri zuwa Jihar Library. A makarantar ne daya daga cikin na farko Rasha wasan kwaikwayo da aka kafa. Dalili na makaranta da'irar da aka dage farawa, a cikin abin da Saminu na Polotsk kafa guda "Ya maigirma Nebukadnezzar," "na ɓataccen ɗa."

A farko na aikin wasan kwaikwayon na wasan kwaikwayo makarantar da aka gudanar a 1701, a watan Nuwamba. A nagartattu sa cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Bishara misalin Li'azaru da kuma arziki. Daga wannan shekara da wasanni sun zama al'ada a cikin rayuwar wani wadanda mutane al'umma. A 1705 Feofan Prokopovich halshen tragicomedy "Vladimir". Shekaru biyu baya, ya ɗauki play, dauke daya daga cikin haske a cikin tarihi na wasan kwaikwayo academy. Staging wani babban rabo yi da aka kishin shan Noteburga Petrom. A cikin play da yaki da aka bayyana a matsayin gwagwarmaya "Rasha Mars" tare da mugunta sojojin. A karshen da aka fassara a cikin hotunan "tavrikiyskoy watã" da "Swedish zaki". Halitta kammala shigar nasara "Rasha Mars."

Gine-gine a Moscow

Gine-gine da cewa GDF kafa a cikin shekara 1687 da Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy, samu da matsayi na wani gine-gine abin tunawa daga tarayya muhimmanci. A kan aiwatar da sake fasalin kudin na ƙasar canja wurin da ginin samu a yawan raunin. A shekarar 2009, Heritage kwamitin bayar da shawarwari game canja wuraren Academy karkashin zuhudu alama cewa wanzu a baya. Wannan ya bayyana by shugaban na jiki - Valery Shevchuk.