Jihadi (tebur da rana)

A tarihin 'yan adam - shi ne, abin takaici, ba ko da yaushe duniya na binciken da kuma ci gaba, kuma sau da yawa Sarkar dubun-yaƙe. Wadannan sun hada da kuma Jihadi, kasanta daga XI ga XIII karni. Don gane da dalilai da kuma dalilinsa, kazalika da gano da tarihi zai taimaka wannan labarin. Yana za a tare harhada a kan wani "jihadi" tebur dauke da mafi muhimmanci kwanakin, sunayen da events.

Definition na "jihadi" da " 'Yan Salibiyya"

Jihadi - wannan shi ne wani hari da sojojin na Krista a Muslim Gabas, wanda dade a total fiye da shekaru 200 (1096-1270) da kuma bayyana a akalla guda takwas shirya wasanni na sojoji daga kasashen yammacin kasashen Turai. A wani daga baya lokacin da aka sunan wani soja yaƙi da manufar hira zuwa Kristanci da kuma fadada rinjayar da na da cocin Katolika.

'Yan Salibiyya - takara na yaƙin neman zaɓe. A kafadarsa ta dama ya na da faci a cikin nau'i na wani Katolika giciye. A wannan hoton ne amfani da kwalkwali, da flags.

Dalilai, dalilinsa, a raga, kamfen

Soja ayyuka da aka shirya ta Katolika. The m dalili shi da yaki tare da musulmi 'yanto Holy Sepulchre, dake a cikin Kur'ani mai girma Land (Palestine). A zamani fahimtar wannan yanki shi ya hada da kasashe irin su Syria, Lebanon, Isra'ila, Gaza, Jordan da sauransu.

Babu daya shakka cikin nasara. A wannan lokacin an yi imani da cewa duk wanda ya zama wani 'Yan Salibiyya, sami gafarar zunubai gabã ɗaya. Saboda haka, shiga cikin sahu na wadannan sun rare da Knights da birane, manoma. A karshe, a musayar ga hannu a cikin jihadi an sami 'yanci daga serfdom. Bugu da kari, ga Turai sarakuna jihadi shi ne wata damar rabu da iko mulkin gargajiya iyayengiji, wanda ikon ya karu a dũkiyõyinsu. Rich yan kasuwa da townspeople ga tattalin arziki da damar a cikin soja nasarar. A kai mafi girma da limaman gangarawa popes Jihadi dauke a matsayin hanyar karfafa ikon da coci.

A farkon da kuma karshen zamanin da Salibiyya

1 jihadi fara Agusta 15, 1096, lokacin da unorganized 50000th taron manoma da kuma birane matalauta je zango ba tare da kayayyaki da kuma horo. Su ne mafi yawa tsunduma a looting (as suka dauke kansu warriors na Allah, wanda nasa ne kome da ke cikin wannan duniya) da kuma kai hari Yahudawa (wanda aka dauke zuriyarsa daga cikin masu kisan Almasihu). Amma a cikin shekara da aka halakar da sojoji suka hadu a kan hanyar da Hungarians, kuma daga baya ta Turks. Wadannan matalauta taron jihadi tafi da horar da Knights. Tuni a 1099 da suka zo Urushalima, kamawa da birni da kashe manyan lambobi na mazaunan. Wadannan abubuwan da suka faru da kuma samuwar wuri da ake kira Mulkin Urushalima da aka kammala da aiki lokaci na farko da tafiya. Bugu da ari samu (har zuwa 1101) da na haƙiƙa na ƙarfafa nasara kan iyakoki.

Last jihadi (takwas) ya fara Yuni 18, 1270 tare da saukowa daga Faransa m Louis IX Army a Tunisia. Duk da haka, wannan yi ƙare a gazawar: ko da a gaban yaƙi sarki ya mutu daga annobar da ta haifar da Salibiyya komawa gida. A wannan lokacin, da tasirin da Kristanci a cikin Palestine ya kadan, da kuma Musulmi, a maimakon haka, su, na ƙarfafa matsayi. A sakamakon haka, da suka ci birnin na Acre, wanda ya kawo ƙarshen wannan zamanin na Jihadi.

1-4 ga watan Jihadi (tebur)

5-8th Jihadi (tebur)

sakamakon

Yadda nasara kasance da yawa Jihadi, da tebur ya nuna a fili. Daga cikin masana tarihi akwai wani guda ra'ayi, abin da tasiri cikin abubuwan da suka faru a cikin rãyuwar Yammacin al'ummai.

Wasu masana sun yi imanin cewa Jihadi bude hanyar zuwa Gabas, da kafa sabon tattalin arziki da al'adu a tsakaninsu. Wasu lura cewa shi ne mafi nasara fiye da za a iya yi a cikin wani m hanya. Musamman cewa karshe jihadi ƙare a tsabagen rashin cin nasara.

Ko ta wani hanya, a mafi yawan kasashen yammacin Turai, akwai lokatan gagarumin canje-canje: da girma da tasiri na Popes, da kuma ikon sarakuna, impoverishment na tsada da Yunƙurin na birane al'umma; aji bayyanar free manoman tsohon serf samun 'yanci saboda da hannu a cikin Jihadi.