A crises na wucin gwamnatin a 1917: Table. Uku na wucin Gwamnatin rikicin

1917 for Rasha ya wuya da alhakin. Abubuwan da ke faruwa a Petrograd, sun bayar da muhimmanci ga kara makomar wannan kasar. Bread tarzoma, zanga-zangar da kuma rallies a kan soja mataki, da kuma a sakamakon - An hambararren Sarkin sarakuna Nicholas II, wanda mafi daidai, ya abdicated. Saboda haka dakatar da jirgin irin na Romanov daular. An kafa na farko wucin gwamnatin. Ya zama shugaban ta Prince Georgy Lvov. Gwamnatin wucin ya Rasha da jawabi, bisa ga abin da fursunonin siyasa samu afuwa da aka za'ayi gyara daga gida kai gwamnati, amma abu mafi muhimmanci - yana da yancin walwala.

Wannan labarin zai magance da crises na wucin gwamnatin a 1917, da tebur ne mafi alhẽri fahimta da kayan ma za a gabatar. Gaskiyar ita ce,, duk da dukan} o} arin, sabuwar gwamnatin ba zai iya jimre da rashin biyan bukata daga cikin mutane. Mutane aka ƙaddara su canja rayuwarsu, wani tsari da aka fara, da kuma kawai son cewa shi aka bai daina ba. Wannan batu ne ya koyar da tarihin aji dalibai a cikin 9th sa, saboda za su zama da amfani, don gano da kuma manya to Brush up a kan abubuwan da suka faru daga waɗanda shekara.

Duk aikin da ya faru a 1917 da baya a shekara. Akwai 3 na wucin Gwamnatin rikicin. Ka tuna cewa cikin hanyar da rikicin ya da tasiri na Bolshevik Party, kazalika da gwamnatin ta ki yarda ta magance m al'umma al'amurran da suka shafi (zamantakewa da kuma aikin gona). A general, yana da wuya a fahimci kanka a irin wannan batu a matsayin crises na wucin gwamnatin, a 1917, da tebur za su yi wani undeniable amfani a ganin na littattafai. Ka yi la'akari da kyau da kuma mummuna lokacin a cikin siyasa na wucin gwamnatin - a tebur a kasa.

Table 9 a kan tarihin aji: da crises na wucin gwamnatin. A sabon manufofin gwamnati.

Mun gani cewa sabuwar gwamnatin kokarin canza wani abu, amma shi ya kasance ba su isa ba.

A farko rikicin na wucin gwamnatin

Afrilu 18 rubutu ministan harkokin wajen kasar (wanda ya Miliukov) ya ba Yunƙurin zuwa na farko rikicin. The daftarin aiki kira da bukatar ya zama aminci kawance alkawura, amma ba abin da ya ce game da annexations da indemnities. A wannan lokacin, kuma ya bayyana cewa a mulkin demokra] Rasha da kuma ta gwamnatin demokra] ne predatory da imperialist yaki, ko da yake wani rabin shekara a matsayin yaki tafi a kan ƙasa na Rasha. Da shi shi ne babbar kuskure na Miliukov. A Bolsheviks dauki amfani da shi da kuma tsokani ya tunani da koyarwar da talakawa a cikin zanga-zangar.

22 ga watan Maris a St. Petersburg, dubban mutane suka bazama kan tituna. Da aka gudanar a lokaci guda, da dama zanga-zangar. A slogan na farko da zanga-zangar shi ne: "Mun goyi bayan wucin gwamnatin!" Taken biyu zanga-zanga: "Down tare da Guchkov da Milyukov!", "Aminci ya ba tare da annexations ko indemnities!" Kuma na uku, mai raba haduwa a cikin ni'imar Bolsheviks tare da taken: "Power - ga Soviets!" Kowa mahalarta a cikin zanga-zangar mika fita goma rubles (sosai kama da zamani rallies), kuma daga baya da Bolsheviks kokarin da'awar cewa su ne ba ta da alhakin tarurruka, wanda aka zargin free magana da ra'ayoyin talakawa. Yana da matukar bakin ciki cewa zanga-zangar sun arangama, kuma ko da hadaya.

A Rasha akwai wuya sau. Members na wucin gwamnatin da dama madadin hanyoyi daga cikin halin da ake ciki.

A farko hanya

A ra'ayin da aka murabus da kuma mi} a mulki ga Soviets. Mafi yawan lokaci gwamnatin ji cewa shi ya ma hadarin gaske saboda shi zai iya kai ga yakin basasa, da kuma wannan kawai ba za a iya yarda.

Na biyu hanya

Wannan hanya da aka samarwa Kornilov. A karkashin ya shirya, ya wajaba ya yi amfani da halin da ake ciki, ta amfani da Bolshevik slogan "Down tare da halattaciyar gwamnati!" Kamar yadda wani uzuri, domin tarwatsa Soviets, don ka kashe ko dai su ɗaure nisa-hagu radicals. Bari kasar karshe yake mulki m horo a cikin sojojin da kuma a wuraren aiki. Yana da ya wajaba don kawar da dual iko. A rikicin na wucin gwamnatin (Maris-Yuli 1917.) Za a yi la'akari da talaucinsu, tsawo, shi ne mai ban mãmaki kuma m theme. Duk da cewa a cikin Maris 1917, ya soke hukuncin kisa, da aka samarwa sake gabatar domin kafa mai wuya mulki. Musulmai masu sassaucin ra'ayi da aka firgita da irin wannan shawarwari. Kornilov koma zuwa gaban.

Da farko gwamnatin hadaka

Rasha ya nuna na 1917 da hadin gwiwa ta wucin Gwamnatoci shekara. Mũ ne Muka halitta na farko gwamnatin hadaka, wanda ya shida gurguzu ministoci. Ministan yaki dauki Kerensky.

A crises na wucin gwamnatin na 1917, wanda aka wakilta wani tebur a cikin labarin, da kuma ko da tsananta da tattalin arziki da rikicin. Shin ba ya aiki a cikin wucin gwamnatin mayar da oda a kasar, su tãyar da kai masana'antu a kan dace matakin, kuma ta kafa ya samar da sojojin da kuma biranen da abinci. A wannan lokaci, ikon Bolsheviks girma, kazalika da lambar.

A crises na wucin gwamnatin a 1917 (tebur)

Da farko All-Russian Congress of manoma 'wakilai,

Wannan majalisa da aka gudanar a watan Mayu 1917, Lenin kira su raba ƙasar gonaki, ba shi ga mutane. Lenin kalmomin sa da goyon bayan da kowa mutane, amma shi Chernova, wanda ya yi magana game da dogon shiri da kuma bazawa na Land dokar, ya ba yi isasshen talla.

Da farko All-Russian Congress of Ma'aikata 'da Sojoji' wakilai,

Wannan majalisa da aka gudanar a watan Yuni 1917, a kan shi, da Bolsheviks samu kawai 105 kujeru daga 777. Duk da haka, shugaban, Lenin fili ya bayyana wa. Ya yi alkawari cewa, godiya ga jam'iyyar mulki domin a cikin kasar ba tare da wani yakin basasa warware agrarian da kuma aiki tambayoyi.

Tuki: crises na wucin gwamnatin a 1917

A maturing na biyu rikicin na wucin gwamnatin

Yuni 10 da Bolsheviks ya yanke shawarar rike da zanga-zanga a karkashin taken karfafa ikonta. Duk da haka, a cikin Congress of wannan shawarar an haramta, kuma ya wuce da janar zanga-zanga a cikin goyon bayan da na ɗan lokaci gwamnatin. Goyan bayan da m na gaba, za'a ga Yuni 18, 1917. Wucin gwamnatin rikicin da ya faru, kamar yadda mafi yawan masu zanga-zanga kwashe Bolshevik taken. Ya zama a sarari cewa nan da nan da Bolsheviks kokarin kwace iko. Duk da ninkawa da cewa da m a gaban rushe, da hauhawar farashin kaya girma. A kasa tambaya fara rushewar Rasha. Ukrainians, Finns, da sauransu. D. m 'yancin kai da kuma cin gashin.

Yuli rikicin na wucin gwamnatin

Wadannan abubuwan da suka faru ya faru daga 3 zuwa 4 ga watan Yuli. A wannan lokacin, da Cadets murabus daga gwamnatin, ki duba wannan tambaya na da 'yancin kai na Ukraine. Rigima shi ne batun na aikawa da na'ura-gun rajimanti na Petrograd sojojin zuwa gaban, da sojoji suka bazama kan titunan. Shiga jirgin ruwa daga Kronstadt matuƙan goyon hanyar amfani da makamai ma'aikata. Performance umarta ta Bolsheviks. A zanga-zanga da aka mai haske, m, laifin da taken. A zanga-zanga bukaci a karshen yaki, so da ikon da Soviets, manoma bukaci ƙasar.

Loyalist sojojin kokarin dakatar da Bolsheviks, amma ga wani wadãtar. Power hankali shige cikin hannuwansu. Sojoji masu makamai, ma'aikata, matuƙan jagoranci Bolshevik Party.

Majalisar taron da aka gudanar a cikin Tauride Palace, wanda aka kewaye da zanga-zanga. Ministan noma kokarin bayyana ga mutane, amma shi kawai kama. A Bolsheviks kwace mulki kusan, amma Lenin ƙi su bi haka al'amarin, kamar yadda ya ji tsoron cewa ba zai iya sarrafa tsari da kuma ci gaba da wannan miya domin lokaci mai tsawo. Yuli rikicin na wucin gwamnatin da aka quite tsanani.

A sakamakon Yuli zanga-zanga

Loyalist sojojin kaddamar da wani farauta domin Bolsheviks. Mutane da yawa sun tafi a cikin buya. Members na wucin gwamnatin da aka tsanani adawa da Bolsheviks. Wyszynski rattaba hannu kan wata domin kama shugaban Bolsheviks. Hukumance an bayyana cewa wadanda ake zargin, a dangane da Jamusawa.

Wuya ya kasance a lokacin da akwai wani rikicin na wucin gwamnatin. Ƙarin kayan, daban-daban tarihi nazarin damar yau ne hadari a ce cewa Lenin ta la'anta ya istinbadi, tun tsabar kudi Bolsheviks yi dauki daga Jamus. Ya zauna bude kawai tambaya na lokacin, watau, lokacin daidai ne suka fara da Take - .. A farkon yakin, ko tun 1916. The adadin samu daga Jamus, shi ne kuma ba a sani ba. Yadda dama, miliyoyin DM samu da Bolsheviks domin su juyin juya hali, Lenin da kaina ko su yarda da abin da yanayi domin samun kudi - shi ne ba a sani ba. Har yanzu muhawara ko da alaka Brest da zaman lafiya zuwa biyan kudi ko ba. Duk da haka, ya bayyana sarai cewa a cikin wani hali da kudi da aka tsanani. A la'anta ma da Lenin taba gani, ya gudanar ya tsere, na farko a cikin Petrograd sa'an nan a Finland. M regiments aka wargaza rundunar da makaman. Yana da aka mayar ga kisa fitina a gaban.

Bolshevik iko. The uku rikicin

A Agusta rikicin na wucin gwamnatin shi ne na karshe. A Bolsheviks dauki zuciya da kuma, duk da kome da kome, sake shirya wani tawaye da kuma kama mulki ta hanyar dauke da makamai. An yi shawarar a 4th Congress na jam'iyyar. Sai ya zama a farkon watan Agusta 1917, Stalin ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan jawabai. Bari mu bincika yadda shi duka ya faru.

Kornilov bore

27 ga Agusta Kornilov saɓa wa na boko ikon, a mayar da martani ga ta yarda da 'yan tawaye. A Petrograd, ya gabatar Martial doka. A Bolsheviks kira a kan mutane su tare da 'yan tawayen, da Red Guards aka halicce su. Yana duk ƙare a kan 2 ga watan Satumba. Kornilov da mabiyansa da aka kama.

A kama na wucin gwamnatin

Duk da haka, wasan kwaikwayon na Kornilov nuna wani tsaga a cikin hukuncin da'ira, wanda ya lashe Bolsheviks. Sun dauki amfani da yaki domin samun ikon. 24 ga watan Oktoba bayar da umarni a kan rufe duk jaridu na Bolsheviks, a 5.00 da suka kasance a rufe, ya dauki sa'o'i da dama, da kuma suka sake dawo karkashin mulkin na Bolsheviks. Oktoba 25 da 'yan tawayen dauki Nikolaev (Moscow) tashar jirgin, a 6.00 - Jihar Bank, sa'a guda - da tsakiyar ofishin, a 13.00 - da Mariinsky Palace.

A 18.00 dukan sojojin taru a Winter Palace, ya sanar awa ultimatum ga gwamnatin, sa'an nan ya fara harbe-harben daga "Aurora." A 2 am, da mambobi ne na wucin gwamnatin da aka kama, ikon wuce zuwa Soviets.

Saboda haka, muna ganin cewa kawai ya na 3 na wucin Gwamnatin rikicin. Kula da tebur gabatar a kasa, shi zai taimaka wajen fahimtar abu.

A crises na wucin gwamnatin a 1917 Students tebur: Haddasawa Bolshevik nasara

Tuki da Bolsheviks zo don ikon

Complex a 1917 ga mutane. Wucin gadi ikon sanya da yawa daga kura-kuran da ta fi ta taimaki Bolsheviks don ya auro ta wuri. Lenin an dama a kan hanya ga nasara, ya ya iya tilasta mutane da kuma gabatar da bayanai tactfully. Complex da ƙayayuwa shi ne hanyar da Bolsheviks, amma suka yi nasu imani da kuma raga. A halin da ake ciki na 1917 sake nuna cewa akidar - shi ne mai matukar manyan karfi, muddin ta kasance a cikin wani hadari hannun m da mutanen kirki, aiki a kyau bangaskiya.

Lura sake cewa Bolsheviks taimake lashe: shi ne mai hadaddun zaman jama'a halin da ake ciki a kasar, da ba daidai ba da manufofin da gwamnatin, don haka da cewa shi ya fadi a dalĩli m da kyau jama'a magana shugaban na proletariat, da ikon lallashe da kuma tilasta mutane. Idan gwamnatin wucin kokarin warware matsalolin da mutane, bai ƙara ja da manufofin, ba za su yi mayar da kisa, kada su shiga a cikin yaki, ya yanke shawarar agrarian da matsalolin zamantakewa, ba zai zama da Kornilov tawaye, sa'an nan, watakila, ba zai faru a cikin Bolshevik juyin mulki .