Gluck Biography da kuma taƙaitaccen haratkeristika da mawaki

Biography Gluck ban sha'awa domin fahimtar tarihi na gargajiya music. Wannan mawaki mai girma kawo canji na m wasanni, da ra'ayoyin sun gaba na lokaci da kuma rinjayi da aikin wasu composers na 18th kuma 19th ƙarni, ciki har da Rasha. Godiya ga shi, cikin wasan opera ya zama mafi siririn bayyanar da ban mamaki kammala. Bugu da kari, ya yi aiki a kan ballets da kananan qagaggun waqoqi - sonatas da Overture, wanda su ma daga babban sha'awa ga zamani artists wanda suke son hada su wurare a cikin shagali shirin.

matashi shekaru

Farkon biography Gluck ba da sani, ko da yake da yawa masu bincike suna rayayye binciken da yara da kuma matashi shekaru. An sani cewa da aka haife shi a 1714 a cikin Palatinate a forester ta iyali da kuma aka yi karatu a gida. Har ila yau, kusan dukkanin masana tarihi sun yarda da cewa shi ya kasance wani yaro ya nuna m m basira da kuma san yadda za a yi wasa da wani m kayan aiki. Duk da haka, mahaifinsa ba ya so shi ya zama mawaki, da kuma aika shi zuwa makaranta.

Duk da haka, nan gaba shahara mawaki son gama rayuwata tare da music, kuma haka daga gida. A 1731 ya zauna a Prague, inda ya buga da goge da cello karkashin iko da sanannen Czech mawaki da kuma sharhi B. Montenegrin.

Italian lokaci

Gluck ta biography za a iya raba da dama, saukarwa, zabi kamar yadda qa'idar da wurin zama, aikin da m aiki. A cikin rabi na biyu na 1730s ya zo Milan. A wannan lokaci, daya daga cikin manyan Italian music mawallafa Yahaya. Sammartini. Ƙarƙashin ikonsa, Gluck fara rubuta nasa qagaggun. Kamar yadda masu sukar, wannan lokaci ya ƙware da ake kira kalaman style - m shugabanci, wanda aka halin da sauti na daya daga cikin manyan theme, yayin da wasu taka karin rawa. Gluck ta biography za a iya daukan arziki sosai, saboda ya rayayye aiki da kuma kawo mai yawa sabon gargajiya music.

Mastering da kalaman style yana da matukar muhimmanci nasara da mawaki, kamar yadda a Turai music makaranta dauke da lokaci da aka mamaye polyphony. A wannan lokacin, da ya halitta a yawan operas ( "Demetri", "Port" da sauransu), wanda, duk da kwaikwayo, ya kawo shi daraja. Har 1751, ya yi rangadin da Italian kungiyar, na yi ba tukuna samu wani gayyatar su matsa zuwa Vienna.

opera garambawul

Kristof Glyuk, wanda biography ya kamata a inextricably nasaba da tarihin samuwar wasan kwaikwayo, ya yi yawa ga gyaranta na m yi. A XVII-XVIII ƙarni, da opera ne babbar m spectacle da kyau music. Da yawa da hankali da aka biya ba sosai da abun ciki kamar siffar.

Sau da yawa composers rubuta musamman domin a musamman murya, ba kula game da labarin da ma'anar. Gluck yamar wannan dabarar. A cikin operas, da music ya zama ƙarƙashin wasan kwaikwayo da mutum abubuwan da haruffa. A cikin aikinsa "Orfeo Euridice" mawaki ably da alaka da tsoho bala'i abubuwa tare choral lambobin da rawa wakilci. Wannan dabarar da aka m domin ta lokaci, sabili da haka, aka ba nuna godiya da ya Sahaban.

Viennese lokaci

Daya daga cikin mafi girma da composers na da 18th karni ne Kristof Villibald Glyuk. A biography wannan mawaki yana da muhimmanci ga fahimtar da samuwar na gargajiya makaranta, kamar yadda muka san shi a yau. Har 1770 ya yi aiki a Vienna a kotu na Marie Antoinette. A lokacin da wannan lokaci da aka kafa da kuma samu ta karshe magana daga m ka'idojin. Ci gaba da aiki a cikin gargajiya ga lokaci da comic opera Genre, ya halicci wani yawan asali operas, wanda ake subordinated ga music ta poetic hankali. Wadannan sun hada da aikin "Alceste", halitta da Euripides bala'i.

A wannan opera overture, wanda wasu composers da wani zaman kanta, kusan nishadi darajar, shi samu babban ma'anar. Its launin waƙa da aka organically saka a cikin babban labarin, da kuma kafa da sautin ga dukan gabatar. Bisa ga manufa shiryar da mabiyansa da kuma masu kida na 19th karni.

Paris mataki

1770s ne mafi tsanani a cikin tarihinsa daga Gluck. Executive Summary na tarihi dole ne dole hada da wani gajeren bayanin da hannu a cikin muhawara cewa barke a manyan mukaman ilimi da'ira a kusa da abin da ya kamata wasar kwaikwayo ta waka. The shawarwari ne tsakanin magoya bayan na Faransa da kuma Italian makarantu.

A farko kare da bukatar kawo cikin wasan kwaikwayo da kuma ji na jituwa a m yi, yayin da karshen jaddada vocal da m improvisation. Gluck kare da farko ra'ayi. Bayan ya m ka'idoji, ya rubuta wani sabon wasan kwaikwayo dangane da play da Euripides 'Iphigenia a Tauris. " Wannan aikin da aka gane a matsayin mafi kyau a cikin mawaki ta m aiki, kuma Yã ƙarfafa ta Turai daraja.

sakamako

A 1779, saboda rashin lafiya mai tsanani ya koma zuwa Vienna mawaki Kristofer Glyuk. Biography of wannan talented mawaki ba za a iya tunanin ba tare da ya ambaci na karshe ayyukansu. Ko lokacin da yake rashin lafiya, ya rubuta wani yawan odes kuma songs for piano. A 1787, ya rasu. Ya yi yawa mabiyansa. Ya fi kyau almajiri na mawaki kansa dauke A. Salieri. Hadisai kafa ta Gluck, sune tushen kerawa Beethoven da Wagner. Bugu da kari, wasu composers ya kamantuwa ba kawai a composing operas, amma kuma kade-kade. Rasha mawaki Glinka mai daraja da kerawa na Gluck.