Mai ba da labari Eshpai Andrey Yakovlevich: labari, rayuwa ta sirri, kerawa

Shahararren Soviet da kuma Rasha mawaki Eshpay Andrei Yakovlevich ya faru a da dama m filayen. Ya samu nasarar aiki a cikin nau'o'in ilimin kimiyya, ya kai matsayi a fim da wasan kwaikwayo, kuma ya zama sananne ga dukan mutane a matsayin marubucin waƙoƙin sanannen.

Yara da iyali

Ran 15 ga Mayu, 1925, a cikin dangin Soviet, an haife shi yaro - Eshpai Andrei Yakovlevich, wanda tarihinsa ya hade da kiɗa. Mahaifinsa sanannun mawaki, wanda yake tattara da kuma tafiyar matakai na kasa Mari songs, sanar a Moscow Conservatory, da yaro da yaro kullum ji a gidan music. Mahaifiyar yarinyar, Valentina Nikolaevna Togaeva, ta fito ne daga iyalin miki, kawunta shi ne mai rubutawa Anatoly Togaev. Ta yi aiki duk rayuwarsa a matsayin malamin harshen Lissafi da littattafai, ita ce mai ƙauna kuma mai karɓar waƙoƙin mutane na mutane daban-daban. Eshpai Andrei Yakovlevich, wanda danginsa ya kasance mai ban sha'awa, sunyi tunanin ruhu mai ruhu tare da madarar mahaifiyar.

Lokacin da Andrei ya kasance shekaru 3, iyalin suka koma Moscow. A nan iyaye sun sami ilimi. Mahaifiyata ta halarci Cibiyar Pedagogical, mahaifina ya halarci karatun digiri a Moscow Conservatory. Tsohon ɗan Valentine ya fara koyar da piano. Wannan kayan aiki yana da matukar sha'awa ga ɗan Andrei, amma don nazarin ilimin lissafi ba shi da wani asiri.

A kowace rani iyalin suka bar birnin zuwa kawun uwarsa Anatoly Togaev a Mariinsky Posad a kan Volga. Andrei Yakovlevich ƙaunar wannan wuri sosai kuma ya dauki shi a karo na biyu na mahaifarsa, yana zuwa can a duk rayuwarsa. Eshpai Andrey Yakovlevich, wanda danginsa daga wadannan wurare, ya raira waƙar Mari a duk rayuwarsa. Gidan gidan Toghaev ya "kasancewa tare da kiɗa", Eshpay ya ce, yawancin masu wasan kwaikwayo, masu wasan kwaikwayo, masu jagoranci, wasan kwaikwayo na ingantaccen wasan kwaikwayon ya ziyarce shi, wasan kwaikwayon gidan da Yakov Eshpai ke bugawa. Hanyoyin halitta a cikin iyali, fadin sararin sama na Volga, ƙaunar duniya ga al'adun gargajiya na al'adu - duk wannan Andrew ya tuna tun lokacin yaro, kuma wannan ya tsara abubuwan da ya dandana da sha'awa.

Eshpai Andrei Yakovlevich, wanda tarihinsa ya riga ya ƙaddara daga haihuwa, ya tafi ya yi nazari a Semi na Kwanni bakwai. Gnessins. Malaminsa na farko, Valery Vladimirovna Listova, ya san mawaki mai zuwa daga shekara hudu, ta iya kallon ta da basirar mai mahimmanci, a cikin ci gaba wanda ta zuba jari da karfi da rai. Ya kuma samu damar koyi daga Gnesin uku da 'yan'uwanku mãtã, da kuma duk malamai sun lura da m musicality da cikakken farar kananan Eshpaja.

Shekarar soja

A shekara ta 1941 makarantar ta kammala karatu daga babban mai kida Eshpai Andrei Yakovlevich. Yaƙin ya hana shi nan da nan ya ci gaba da karatunsa. Lokacin da aka sanar da harin Jamus, Andrei ya so ya tafi gaba, amma ba a kama shi ba saboda karami. Mahaifinsa da ɗan'uwansu sun tafi a matsayin masu aikin sa kai, kuma dole ne ya fita zuwa garin Mariinsky Posad, inda ya yi karatu a makarantar sakandare.

A shekara ta 1943, Andrei, ba tare da samun bege na samun zuwa gaba ba, ya shiga makarantar motar motar Orenburg don wata hanya ta fassarar soja. A shekara ta 1944, an aika da shi zuwa yankunan soja, ya zama kwamandan kwamandan mulki.

Ƙaddamar da yaki Eshpai May 9 a Berlin, amma har yanzu ya ci gaba da aiki a cikin sojojin har zuwa 1946. Domin samun bayanan sirri a yayin da ake tuhumar fursunoni, Andrei Yakovlevich ya ba da lambar yabo ta Red Star da lambobin yabo hudu. Mahaifinsa ya tafi cikin dukan yakin, kuma ɗan'uwansa ya ɓace a 1941 a cikin fadace-fadace kusa da Leningrad.

Batun yakin ya kasance mai kusa da ƙauna ga Eshpai, zai dawo da shi cikin aikinsa.

Samun fasaha

Bayan yakin, Eshpai Andrei Yakovlevich, wanda tarihinsa ya koma gajerunsa, ya shiga makarantar makaranta na Moscow Conservatoire don masu wasa da mawaƙa. Daga nan sai ya je kotu, wanda ya ƙare a shekara ta 1953 a kan kundin kaya da piano. A shekara ta 1956, ya sauke karatun digiri na farko a makarantar A. Khachaturian.

Yayinda yake nazarin Eshpai Andrei Yakovlevich, wanda Marian ya kasance mahaifinsa, ya fara tattarawa da aiwatar da waƙoƙin gargajiya, ya juya su a cikin kayan aiki. Amma a wannan lokaci ya halicci abubuwa uku: Jigogi na Symphonic na Mari, Sonatina ga piano. A wannan lokaci akwai wani batu - da Hungarian. Ya rubuta "Harshen Hungary". Eshpai zai dawo ta fiye da sau daya.

A shekara ta 1952, Andrei Yakovlevich Eshpai ya shiga kungiyar tarayya, kuma ya kasance dan ƙarami.

Yaren kida

Andrey Yakovlevich Eshpai ya yi aiki sosai a fagen kiɗan kimiyya kuma yayi kokarin kansa a cikin nau'o'i daban-daban. Ya rubuta wasan kwaikwayo 9, da wake-wake da kide-kide 18 na kayan kaɗe-kaɗe tare da orchestra, cantata, ballets uku, wanda ya fi sananne shi ne "Angara", wasanni biyu, da wasan kwaikwayon, wasan kwaikwayo, ɗakin aiki. Taimakon Eshpai don bunkasa musika yana da muhimmanci, ya haɗu da manufar ƙasa tare da mafitacin zamani. Malamansu mawaki kira Ravel, Stravinsky, Orff, PI Tchaikovsky, Bartok, Khachaturian, Bach.

Matsayin kasa shine daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci ga Eshpai. Hudu na hudu, Cin biyar da shida ne sakamakon sakamako na tarihin al'adun gargajiya na Rasha da Mari.

Batun yaki ya nuna a cikin ayyukan Eshpai: The Symphony na biyu "Gõdiya Hasken", Siffar "Symphony" ta biyar, Requiem. Suna cike da motsin zuciyarmu da kuma tunanin mawaki.

Ayyukan falsafanci-lyric ne alamar kasuwanci na Eshpai. Taron biki na uku an sadaukar da shi ga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar mahaifinsa, tana nuna dukkan ikon ƙauna, girmamawa da marmarin marubucin ga mutumin.

Mafi yawan ayyukan

Ayyukan da suka fi muhimmanci a Andrei Yakovlevich Eshpai sune na farko da na biyu na ƙungiyar, abubuwan da ya ƙunshi shirinsa, waɗanda suka cika da farin ciki na rayuwa, abubuwan da suka shafi falsafancin da suka haɗa da binciken da gano ma'anar rayuwa.

"Runduna na dutse da makiyaya" - wani abu mai mahimmanci na mai rubutawa, an rubuta shi a cikin tunawa da mahaifinsa kuma yana haɗar al'adar mawaƙa da rawa da rawa.

Wani abin kirki mai mahimmanci na mai kirki shi ne cantata "Lenin tare da mu" a cikin ayoyi na V. Mayakovsky. A ciki, marubucin yana nuna gaskiyar mutane a cikin makomar gaba.

Ayyukan Eshpai yana da matukar karfi, kuma dukan ayyukansa suna jin daɗin masu sauraro da masu sukar.

Song kerawa

Halittar waƙa wata hanya ce ta musika, ba tare da abin da cikakken hoto na mai rubutawa ba zai yiwu ba. Kwararrun gwaninta yana bayyana a komai, kuma misali shine Eshpai Andrei Yakovlevich. Waƙoƙinsa sune sananne. A lokaci guda kuma, duk abubuwan da aka kirkiro suna bambanta da babban dandano, karin waƙar launin fata da yawan murnar musika. Idan akwai masu rubutun mutane, to, ɗaya daga cikinsu, ba shakka, shine Eshpai Andrei Yakovlevich. Waƙoƙin "Muscovites", "Song of the Motherland", "Biyu Shores", "Na gaya muku kalmomin da ba daidai ba" da kuma wasu da yawa - yana da masaniya na fasaha na Soviet. A cikin duka, Eshpai ya rubuta game da waƙoƙi 100 da kuma romances. Maigidan bai taba yin la'akari da yanke shawara mai ban mamaki ba, kowane aikin aiki ne na marubucin.

Yin aiki a fim

Wani bangare mai ban sha'awa na iyalan Andrei Yakovlevich Eshpai shi ne rubuce-rubucen kiɗa don cinema. A cikin duka, ya rubuta sauti don kimanin fina-finai 60. Ya kasance abokantaka kuma ya hada hannu tare da shugabanni mafi kyau - A. Saltykov, E. Tashkov, V. Levin, V. Zhilin. Muryar Eshpai ita ce nauyin fim din. Mai rikida ya ƙirƙira ƙwayoyi masu yawa, na zamani waɗanda suke daidai da shirin da daraktan ke bayarwa. Yin aiki a fina-finai ya kawo shi ga mawallafi masu mahimmanci na zamaninsa. Yana Yevgeny Yevtushenko, G. Pozhenyan, Derbenyov L., R. Rozhdestvensky. Tare da su, ya rubuta waƙoƙi ga fina-finai, wanda ya zama sanadiyar shekaru. Ayyukansa a cikin aikin jazz sun zama tushen duniyar da aka yi na O. Lungstrom.

Gidan wasan kwaikwayo

Andrey Yakovlevich Eshpai kuma yana aiki sosai a cikin wasan kwaikwayon. Ya rubuta waƙa "Don ƙauna aka haramta". A cikakke, ya rubuta waƙa ga abubuwa 20 na wasan kwaikwayo, tare da haɗin kai tare da mafi kyaun wasan kwaikwayo a kasar. Daga cikin ayyukansa mafi mahimmanci shine kiɗa don wasanni: "Kana da shekaru ashirin da biyu, tsofaffi" da kuma "Dan lokaci mai wahala" a Lenkom, "ka'idar rashin daidaito" da "Wizards suna zaune kusa da juna" a cikin wasan kwaikwayon. Ermolova, "Mu'jiza na Musamman" a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na satire.

Awards

Eshpai Andrei Yakovlevich, wanda tarihinsa ya rufe shi da ikirari, ya karbi kyauta mai yawa don rayuwarsa. Bugu da ƙari, lambobin sojan soja da umarni, an ba shi lambar yabo na Red worker's Banner, Lenin, "Domin Ayyuka zuwa Fatherland", Aminci, "The Sign of Honor", shi ne Lingate Prize laureate kuma shi ne Mutanen da aka yi wa Rasha.

Andrei Yakovlevich yana aiki tare da kungiyoyin ilimi da kungiyoyin jama'a. Shi memba ne na majalisa na Musical na UNESCO, wani malamin jami'a na Cibiyar Cinematography na Rasha, mai daraja na F. Liszt Society. Mai rikida yana da haruffa mai yawa, godiya da alamun tunawa da wasu bukukuwa, gasa, gwamnatocin kasashen waje.

Rayuwa na sirri

Akwai mutane masu tunani guda daya ko da daga cikin wakilan masu fasaha na halitta, kuma ɗaya daga cikin su shine Eshpai Andrei Yakovlevich. Matar marubucin ta zama dan wasan pianist Alexandra Mikhailovna, wanda ya yi aiki na shekaru masu yawa a matsayin shugaban shugaban sashen piano na gwargwadon mahalarta. Ita ce kadai mace a cikin rayuwar mawaƙa. Abinda aka dogara da karfi da iyali yana da matukar muhimmanci ga kowane mutum. Mutumin kirki a wannan ma'anar shine Eshpai Andrei Yakovlevich, matarsa ta ba shi 'ya'ya maza biyu. Yarinya Valentin yana aiki a matsayin mai bincike a Cibiyar Cinema. Ƙananan Andrei ne mai shahararren fim din fim. Andrei Yakovlevich Eshpai, wanda rayuwarsa ta kasance mai sha'awar yawan magoya baya, shi ne mahaifin kulawa. Amma ya ba babysit. Shugaban iyalin ya kawo su tare da misalinsa, yana ƙaddamar ƙauna ga Uwargida, kasuwanci, iyali.

Andrei Yakovlevich Eshpai ya kira kansa mutum mai farin ciki, wanda ba a bayyana rayuwar kansa ba. Dan Andrew kawo su gidan 'yar - da aka sani actress Evgenia Simonova. Granddaughter ta yanke shawarar ci gaba da daular dangi kuma ya zama dan wasan pianist.

Ranar 8 ga watan Nuwamba, 2015, duniya ta tashi da mummunan labari - ya mutu Eshpai Andrei Yakovlevich. Jana'izar ta haɗu da mutane da dama, saboda mai rubutun yana jin dadin, yana da abokai da mutane da yawa sanannun mutane. An gudanar da mawaki tare da girmamawa sosai. Eshpai Andrei Yakovlevich, wanda aka yi jana'izarsa a gidan kurkuku Novodevichy, zai kasance har abada cikin tarihin wake-wake na Rasha.