Ma'ana daga kwayoyin cuta a cikin yanayi da mutum rayuwa. Materials for cikin darasi a aji 6

Kwayoyin cutar, bisa ga masana kimiyya, - mafi tsoho mazaunan duniya. Sun bayyana a duniya a zamanin da, da kuma na dogon lokaci su ne kawai suke a kan shi. Kila ne m. Wannan guda-celled kwayoyin, da yawa daga abin da yanzu rike da asali siffofin na kakanninsu lugar da Duniya a zamanin da. Ma'ana daga kwayoyin cuta a cikin yanayi da mutum rayuwa, ko da wuya a tantance.

da yawa

Tun da sabuwar dabara na farko high-ikon microscope (shekaru 17), wanda damar zuwa la'akari da wadannan kananan occupants teku da ƙasa, a jam'i na su da aka bude. A kimiyya, sunã a cikin wani raba rukuni, da ake kira - "kwayoyin". Kafin mu yi magana game da muhimmancin kwayoyin cuta a cikin yanayi da mutum rayuwa, 'yan kalmomi game da su.

A kadan game da kwayoyin cuta

Suna iya samun daban-daban siffar. Cocci - siffar zobe, bacillus - sanda-dimbin yawa, vibrio - kamar wakafi, spirilla - karkace, streptococci - sarkar staphylococci - gungu, diplococci - taso biyu. Dukan su suna iya motsa amfani flagella, ko ta wata hanyar. Kwayoyin cutar da ake samu a ko'ina, ko da a cikin droplets na purest ruwa a cikin ƙasa, a cikin iska, a kan kankara da kuma surface na fata. Suna kuma samu a cikin wasu sauran kwayoyin, kamar mutane. Kamar daya gram na baki duniya zai iya rayuwa miliyoyin kwayoyin. Su ne unpretentious da kuma musamman mai yiwuwa: jure yanayin zafi har zuwa 90 digiri, ba su mutu ba a lokacin da daskarewa, tashi cikin yanayi har zuwa 30 km, sauka zurfi a cikin ƙasa domin kilomita, da suke zaune a cikin zurfin teku - da real Masters na duniya!

Ma'ana daga kwayoyin cuta a cikin yanayi da mutum rai

1. Tana mayar biomass. Kwayoyin cutar aniya maimaita kuma a jefa matattu dabbobi da kuma shuke-shuke. A sakamakon haka, suna tuba a cikin takin zamani da ƙasa yadudduka, rike wurare dabam dabam na nazarin halittu abu a cikin yanayi. Ga misali, da ganye auku daga itace a cikin kaka a ƙasa, na gaba kakar za a sāke kwayoyin a cikin wani ingancin da ciyawa, takin kasar gona, wanda taimaka wajen ciyar da itace.
2. Absorption da nitrogen kam. Kawai wadannan kwayoyin karkashin sakamakon da nitrogen assimilation. Special enzymes damar kwayoyin zuwa sha nitrogen daga yanayi da kuma a haɗa shi da ma'adanai, juya cikin taki ga shuke-shuke.
3. Production na oxygen. Mafi m, za mu kasance tare da ku shaƙa ba tare da kwayoyin. Saboda zaki ya share na oxygen zuwa cikin yanayin duniya a samar da dubun kananan halittu. Wannan watakila babban muhimmancin kwayoyin cuta a cikin yanayi da mutum rayuwa.
4. Production na yin kumfa kiwo kayayyakin. Ba tare da wadannan kananan kwayoyin zai ba da m madara, da kuma, saboda haka, yogurt, kefir, cuku da kuma sauran kayayyakin saba mana.
5. A cikin gona. Kuma a aikin noma da kwayoyin taimaka manomi a magance kwari da ciyawa da gabatarwar da ƙasa kwayan takin.

Ma'ana daga kwayoyin cuta a cikin yanayi da mutum rayuwa. Ribobi da fursunoni

Duk da haka, wadannan microscopic kwayoyin ne ba kawai mu da wasu mataimaka. Daga gare su akwai kuma cutar da yanayi da mutum. Kwayoyin cutar kawo wasu hatsari cututtuka: misali kwalara, da tarin fuka, da kuma waɗansu da yawa. Za su iya haddasa wani annoba da zai iya halaka bil'adama. Ko halitta a daban-daban m nazarin halittu makamai, yanzu haramta a duniya. Saboda haka, mutum na bukatar ci gaba da su a karkashin m review.

Wadannan kayan za a iya amfani darasi "darajar kwayoyin cuta a cikin yanayi da mutum rai" (sa 6).