Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin: A Biography

Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili - daya daga cikin mafi rigima siyasa Figures karni na ashirin da. Ya aka dauke, da kuma yanzu da yawa imani da tanƙwasawa da despot, ƙi da kuma ƙaunar da a lokaci guda.

Stalin - ya biography ba sauki, kuma har yanzu yana da dama na al'amurran zama wani asiri to tarihi. Ya hanyar rayuwa sau da yawa abruptly canza ta shugabanci. Hard, karfi da-so mutum, ba don sujada matsaloli - wancan ne abin da ya Iosif Stalin. Biography ya bayyana shi a kowane irin mutane. I. V. Dzhugashvili aka tuhuma dangane da sarauta "asirin 'yan sanda" da kuma wani m. Amma, duk da kome da kome, Tarayyar Soviet ya a tsawo da tattalin arziki da kuma soja da iko a farkon na biyu da rabi na XX karni, da kuma wata babbar gudummawa ga shi ya Stalin sanya. Brief biography, gabatar a kasa, suna da kamar wuya a iya yin cikakken bayyana da talanti guda na wannan mutumin.

Disamba 18, 1878 a wani karamin kauye na Jojiyanci Gori Iosif Stalin aka haife. A cikin shekaru goma, sai ya shiga seminary, inda ya nuna kansa da tare da mafi kyau hannu, da kuma a kan shawara na malamai a shekaru 16 ya tafi ya yi nazarin a seminary a Tiflis.

A 1897, matasa Dzhugashvili koya game da Markisanci. Daga wannan lokacin ya ƙaddara aka fara canza abruptly. Shekara guda daga baya, a watan Agusta 1898, ya zama memba na "Mesame Dasi" - a kananan Social Democratic-ƙungiya, da kuma a cikin kaka na 1901 IV Dzhugashvili zama memba na kwamitin RSDLP birnin Tbilisi. Akwai ya dauki sunan Koba a cikin girmamawa daya daga cikin jaruman da labari Aleksandra Kazbegi. Bayan na biyu na jam'iyyar Congress a cikin kungiyar na tsaga, jam'iyyar raba cikin Bolsheviks da Mensheviks. Koba dauki gefe na farko, su akida, da kuma norms.

Jam'iyyar gwarazansa halin Stalin a matsayin unscrupulous neman sauyi: shi yafi muhimmanci a gare shi, da kuma mutanen da suke kawai nufin kawo ƙarshen. Sani da Lenin, wanda ya faru a 1905, ya yi wani m alama a kan shi: Stalin ya tãɓe a manyan matsayin mutum. By 1917, wani gagarumin rabo daga Rasha ta yawan Ya fĩfĩta Bolshevik motsi. A wannan lokacin, Stalin da Kamenev gangarawa cikin jaridar "Pravda".

A lokacin yakin basasa , Stalin nada shugaban prodotdela kudu. Rikice na yakin basasa a yarda Kobe su tsoma baki a cikin kusan duk wani soja mafita. Stalin yana da most yawan idon sani - biyu na gida jam'iyyar da kuma tare da Soviet shugabannin.

A Soviet gwamnatin Dzhugashvili riga ya shiga cikin post na jama'ar kasar Commissar ga kasashe. Ya so domin karkashin shugabancin tsakiya ikon ya haddasa rikice-rikice da yawa tare da shugabannin Georgia da kuma Ukraine.

A 1922, Stalin ya ɗauki post na babban sakataren. Bayan V. I. Lenina mutuwa, Koba tsaya a gaban mutane a matsayin wanda zai gaje shi. Kamar yadda ya tsĩrar da ya yi bankwana da magana, ya ce, yana da, a madadin jam'iyyar da mutane. Ya aka goyan bayan abokai cewa Koba nada babban matsayi a cikin kasar administrative na'ura.

Bayan lashe kan 'yan adawa, Stalin ya jefa dukan sojojin yada gurguzanci a ko'ina cikin duniya. Mutãnensa a cikin fahimtar sun pawns. Su na da ko dai ya mutu, ko su yi aiki. Da shirin na collectivization sa da kalaman na zanga-zangar. Kori manoma taru a gangs kuma ya tafi zuwa cikin dazuzzuka.

Haka kuma ya kai Stalin da gwagwarmayar siyasa. All intensifying magana na canjawa da shi daga mukaminshi da aka sanar a XVII Congress na CPSU (b). Yana kuma da aka tsĩrar da sunan Kirov. Yana busa a ranar farko na hunturu 1931 harbi m wani mutum rayuwar, wanda zai iya maye gurbin Stalin a post. Kisa zargi Koba su haihuwa husũma - Zinoviev da Kamenev.

Wanda ya fara bayan da wannan tsari, da ake kira kawar shafa game da hudu zuwa biyar da mutane miliyan, wanda game da kashi 10 da aka harba. "Yawan jama'a" da GULAG tarin tsiburai a lokacin da aka game da miliyan 13. Man. Kan bango na wadannan abubuwan su yabe Stalin sunan. An yaba a matsayin gaskiya ceto na mutane: akwai abin da ake kira daba na hali.

By 1939, da tsabtace an kammala, Stalin ya juya, ya da hankali ga kasashen waje da manufofin. Tarayyar Soviet da fuskantar wani zabi: don zuwa wani rapprochement da Birtaniya da kuma Faransa, wanda suke kusa ba ya nema ya zama shi kadai, ko su yi shawarwari tare da Hitler. A karshe wani zaɓi shi ne mafi m. War aka tura a shekara biyu. Fara horo na soja ma'aikata, to, wahayi na farko sakamakon tsaftacewa, bayyana a cikin rashin babban umurninSa. rearmament da aka za'ayi sannu a hankali, da shuke-shuke kawai ƙware da sabon samar.

The yaki gaba daya buga IV Dzhugashvili daga hanya, a lokacin watan sojojin kusan babu jagoranci. A wannan lokaci Stalin aka raunanar, ya kasance a cikin tsanani m tura. Ya yi aiki 18 hours a rana, fuskarsa ta kõma, hali ya zama fushi da kuma m. Ba da kasancewa mai kyau strategist, ya yi karatu tare da Zhukov, Shaposhnikov da sauran kwamandojin da kayan yau da kullum na Martial Arts. Bayan da Tarayyar Soviet nasara a kan Nazi Jamus a cikin shugabannin jama'a, kamar yadda aka kira Stalin, har yanzu akwai wasu haske epithets: "mafi girma shugaban," "mai hikima dabarun."

A nasara a yakin duniya na II shi ne apogee na Stalin ta aiki. A hankali, musamman ma bayan shekara saba'in jubili, ya fara wuce. Ya na da hawan jini, ganawarsu da tsoro ya juya a cikin wani mania. Ya bai yarda wa likitoci, saboda ba su yarda da su, kuma ya ji tsõron su. Rafke jijiyoyi da wani yanayin zuciyar sa da mutuwar Iosifa Vissarionovicha Stalina yana da shekaru 75 years.

Iosif Stalin - ya biography, za a sake rubuta, sunansa zai zuba laka da kuma fito da wani yawa na myths, fallasa cewa mutum a wani mummunan haske. Amma zama da cewa kamar yadda na iya, mutane sun rayu ba a wani matalauci fatattakakkun kasar da kuma wani superpower, dictating da sharuddan zuwa kasashen da dama na duniya. A XX karni babu mafi "tasiri" shugaban na kasar, fiye da Stalin. Tarihinsa, rubuta Arsen Martirosian, dispels mafi yawan camfin game da rayuwa da kuma ayyukan da wannan mutumin. Ya yi mulki mummunan, amma m lokaci bukaci da shi. A cikin rãyuwar Koba shi yana da yawa kurakurai, kuma mafi yawansu ba su aka biya jini na talakawa mutane. Amma daga lalace kasar, ya gina wani babban superpower, da nasara a yakin duniya na II da kuma shirye domin spacewalk.