Inerts - janar Concepts, Properties da kuma aikace-aikacen kwamfuta

Inert gas kuma ake kira daraja, zauna da babban subgroup na takwas kungiyar na lokaci-lokaci tsarin. Wanda akwai kawai shida: helium (Ya), Neon (Ne), argon (Ar), xenon (Xe), da kuma Radon (RN). Don gane yanayin, da farko la'akari da manufar inertia. Inertness - mai rauni magana ko rashin ikon amsa tare da sauran sinadaran abubuwa. Sa a sinadaran dauki ga samar da sabon links a cikin wadannan kayan ne kusan ba zai yiwu.

Haka kuma, an inert gas - shi ne mai rare daraja monatomic gas da ciwon high inertia, wanda shi ne saboda da energetically barga waje matakin electron harsashi na zarra. Alal misali, helium a cikin wannan harsashi zubar biyu electrons da kuma sauran daraja gas - takwas. Wannan ya bayyana su jiki da kuma sinadaran Properties. All inert gas a karkashin al'ada yanayi gas ne colorless, odorless da talauci mai narkewa a cikin ruwa. Su ruwan zafi da kuma narkewa maki suna kara bisa ga wata karuwa a size of sunadaran.

Har 1962, masana kimiyya sun imanin cewa duk da daraja gas ne gaba daya inert. Amma Kanad sunadarai N. Bartlett zai iya tabbatar da in ba haka ba, samun farko sinadaran fili na xenon, wani da ake kira geksaftoroplatinat xenon. Wannan fili shi ne wani orange m tare da crystal raga. Daga bisani wani adadin mahadi da aka ƙwarai kumbura.

Yaduwar da kuma ilimi a cikin yanayi

A cikin sararin samaniya, mai daraja gas helium ne ya fi kowa, da kuma a cikin terrestrial yanayi - argon (da kundinta da shi bautarka 0,934%). A sosai adadi kaɗan na inert gas gano a cikin duwatsu da kuma gas halitta combustible kayan, kuma a narkar da tsari za a iya samu a man fetur da kuma ruwa.

A yanayi, daraja gas iya generated a sakamakon daban-daban nukiliya halayen. Alal misali, tushen Radon ne rediyoaktif uranium kwayoyi. Wasu daga wadannan sunadarai yana COSMOGENIC asalin.

All inert gas kuma Rawdon, da yawan isotopes.

Hannun jari na wadannan gas ba rage. Ya kawai hankali, sannu a hankali sosai dissipated cikin interstellar sarari.

aikace-aikace

Inert gas suna yadu amfani da wutar lantarki, aikin injiniya. Argon, a cikin ra'ayi na rashin aiki da kuma low thermal watsin, da ake amfani a cakuda da nitrogen ga ciko lantarki fitilu. Argon da Neon-cika bututu domin haske tallace, kuma su haske blue, da kuma Neon - orange-ja.

Wani Argon da ake amfani a dakunan gwaje-gwaje sinadaran. A masana'antu, shi ya samu aikace-aikace don zafi magani na karafa sauƙi oxidizable. A argon samar da wani m yanayi da ake so a yi da waldi ko yankan rare da kuma wadanda ba ferrous karfe smelting tungsten, titanium, zirconium. Don sarrafa iska tsarin amfani da rediyoaktif isotopes na argon.

Krypton da xenon da har yanzu ƙananan thermal watsin fiye da Argon, don haka cike da fitilu m da kuma tattali fiye da wadanda cika da nitrogen, ko argon.

Iri iri numfashi cakuda helium da oxygen, wanda za a iya muhimmanci tsawaita da lokacin da suka tsaya a karkashin ruwa da kuma cika fuska rage m effects lalacewa ta hanyar canje-canje a matsa lamba a lokacin da hawan zuwa surface.

Liquid helium aka yi amfani a matsayin refrigerant a daban-daban karatu, tun da gas zafin jiki ne tafasar -268,9 ° C.

Cikakken inertia dũkiyar helium amfani ga waldi a cikin yanayi, da samar da high-tsarki karafa, chromatography. Kuma ya yiwu don ƙirƙirar high permeability zuba gane a cikin na'ura low kuma high matsa lamba.