History of New York: description, da samuwar lokaci, ban sha'awa facts, mafi kyau gidajen tarihi

A cewar} ididdigar, a New York City ne zuwa gida fiye da 8.4 mutane miliyan. A cewar unofficial bayanai cikin hedkwatarsu da riko da wani kusan miliyan 21 'yan kasa. A wannan yanayin, wani mazaunin na American birni iya zama gwarzo na movie. A wannan wuri ne a kowace shekara fiye da 200 fina-finan cire.

Duk da haka, tarihi na New York kusan babu wanda ya san. Kazalika akwai mafi girma a Amurka hedkwatarsu? Menene fasali da kuma jan hankali wanda dole ga kowane yawon shakatawa wanda ya yanke shawarar da ya ziyarci Manhattan? Ya kamata fadada a kan kowane tambaya.

Abin da muka sani game da New York?

Godiya ga ci gaban da American fim kowane Rasha schoolchild sani cewa New York - wani birni wanda mafarkansu kai farmaki da baki, shi ne akwai su fara zombiapokalipsis da cewa American hedkwatarsu da akwai wani m Super gwarzo wanda zai ceci dukan.

A gaskiya, shi ne a gaske musamman American jihar. Sabon abu har ma da ƙasa a kan abin da New York. A babban ɓangare aka rufe tuddai daga arewa maso yammacin shi an wanke ta Lake Ontario, a kudu maso yammacin na Allegheny Mountains kusa. A arewa na jihar iyaka ne tare da Canada. Kuma da kudu-maso-gabas da tekun Atlantic.

Kuma ba shakka, birnin ne domin ta shahara gine da kuma jan hankali. Idanunsa ya gani da Statue of Liberty, Brooklyn Bridge, birnin na skyscrapers, kuma ziyarci American Museum of Natural History a New York.

Kowace rana, a birnin je aiki game da 13 dubu taksin, da kuma can ƙarƙashin ƙasa, kuma a kan bãyan tẽkun aiki 468 a karkashin kasa tashoshin. A wannan karkashin kasa da aikin a kusa da nan kowane lokaci.

The Dutch sayi New York domin $ 25?

Kamar yadda tarihi records, Indiyawan sun riga sun zauna "a Manhattan" 3000 da suka wuce. Masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa mutane rayu cikin abin da yake a yanzu birnin ya 10 shekara dubu da suka wuce. Duk da haka, da tarihi na New York kamar yadda Amurka Jihar fara kawai a cikin 16th karni.

A 1524, karkarar zo a karkashin shiryarwar Italian Explorer Giovanni Verrazano. The masanin kimiyya so nazarin Hudson River. Daga baya, tsibirin zo zuwa Yaren mutanen Holland. Kimiyya na kadan ban sha'awa, suka kama ƙasa, kuma ya ayyana shi - New Samoa (a wani version - New Amsterdam).

Don da 'yan asalin mutane ba su da yawa dame, Manhattan gina Fort Amsterdam. A shekara daga baya, Gwamnan New Netherlands sayi kashe 'yan India. Peter Minuit sayi most hedkwatarsu da na nan gaba na karfe ratayen wuya, kayan ado da tufafi mai daraja a $ 25. Bayan da yawa daga cikin karni a Manhattan fara shigo da bayi daga Afirka.

Turanci mallaka

A marigayi rani na 1664 Birtaniya zo a cikin "New York". A tarihin birnin gaya mana cewa Dutch sallamãwa su New Samoa ba tare da wani yaki. Turanci shiri ya zama gwamnan Richard Nicholson. Shi ne ya yi ya ba da gari ta ba sunan. Gwamnan ya kira nan gaba hedkwatarsu a cikin girmamawa da ɗan'uwansa - King James Version 2, da Duke na York.

Abubuwan da suka faru kansu ya faru a lokacin yaki tsakanin Dutch da kuma Birtaniya. 9 bayan shekara mai walãkantarwa sallama birnin fushi Dutch kwace ƙasar da kuma kira shi New Orange. Duk da haka, a shekara daga baya (a 1674) New York sake zama Turanci a Westminster kwangila.

Mazauna birnin, ba shakka, ba farin ciki da irin wannan m canje-canje na gwamnati, don haka a cikin marigayi 17th karni, da tarihi na New York da aka hankali hade da ciki yunkurin. The most faru a 1689-1691, bi da bi. Bayan shi ne kusan shekaru 100 da birnin rayu cikin salama. Kumbura sãsanninta, ya bude asibitoci, makarantu, kolejoji.

Independent New York

A 1775 ya fara American Revolutionary War. By New York ta ba zai iya samun ta hanyar. Haka kuma, da dama fadace-fadace da ya faru a birnin. A Brooklyn yaƙi ya kai ga tsanani wuta da ya hallaka yawa daga cikin birnin. Birtaniya ba su ba kafin karshen birnin. Kawai watanni biyu bayan da yaki, New York ya zama Amurka - Nuwamba 25, 1783.

Wannan bai hana hedkwatarsu da zama na farko, babban birnin kasar Amurka. Bugu da kari, shi ne akwai gudanar da bikin rantsar da na shugaban farko - George Washington. Af, yau yawon bude ido za su iya shaida mafi muhimmanci abubuwan da suka faru na rayuwa daga cikin birni, da ziyartar Tarihi Museum a New York.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa hedkwatarsu da kanta girma da kuma ci gaba da godiya ga baƙi daga New England da kuma Ireland. A farkon karni na 19th, da yawan New York ya karu da sau 4 da kuma wuce adadi na miliyan 1.2 mazaunan.

A yakin basasa tsakanin Arewa da Kudu dakatar da gina da dama daga cikin birni, amma bayan karshen New York suka fara samar da sabon karfi. A 1886, Faransa ya ba da United States da Statue of Liberty. A lokaci guda a cikin birnin yana ta farko skyscraper - hasumiyar Building.

A abin jihar ne New York?

A birni ne dake a cikin jihar daga cikin wannan sunan. The hukuma tarihi na Jihar New York fara Yuli 26, 1788. Wannan rana da yankin ya zo Amurka.

Mene ne na ƙwarai: babban birnin jihar ya ba da mafi girma a birnin na Amurka da kuma birnin Olabani. Kuma a hukumance mutane miliyan 20 suna zaune a jihar, kusan rabin ne mazauna New York City.

Jihar tana da taken, wanda shi ne Latin sauti kamar Excelsior, wanda yake nufin "a sama da nauyi." Wannan shi ne mai yiwuwa saboda gaskiyar cewa ƙasa wadda a kanta aka located, kunshi tuddai.

A sosai taken birnin, amma akwai da yawa kamar yadda biyu miyãgun sunãye na laƙabõbĩ - "Capital na Duniya" da "Big Apple". Bugu da kari, New York City da aka sani zuwa ga dukan duniya cewa shi ne daidai a hedkwatar MDD.

birni skyscrapers

A farkon karni na karshe hedkwatarsu da shi ya zama daya daga cikin cibiyoyin cinikayya da masana'antu. Ko sa'an nan ƙasar a New York ya tsada, da kuma sarari domin gina da aka ba lura. A birni ya fara girma ba a kamu, da kuma sama.

History of New York aka nasaba, tare da gina skyscrapers. Kusan kowace high-Yunƙurin gini a birnin na da sunan. Tuni a cikin 1907, an gina ta da West Street Building, 99 mita high. Kuma shekaru hudu daga baya a cikin birni ya girma 246-mita Woolworth.

A wannan New yokrtsy bai daina, kuma a cikin shekaru 30 na farko gine-gine da aka gina, wanda wuce matakin na 300 mita. Hyundai Building da Empire-stayt Building tsawo na 319 da kuma 381 da mita bi da bi.

A shekara ta 1971, takaici, sanannen twin Towers (417 da 415 mita) da aka gina. Na dogon lokaci shi ne mafi girma da skyscrapers a duniya.

Har yanzu, New York erects skyscrapers. Saboda haka, a shekarar 2013 a birnin "ya tashi" Freedom Tower tsawo na 541 mita.

Brooklyn Bridge kuma Statue of Liberty

Kusan wannan darajar a matsayin skyscrapers, da gine-gine na birnin ne gadoji: Vilyamsbursky, Manhattan, Queensboro Bridge. Amma ya fi shahara, godiya ga cinema, an dauke da Brooklyn Bridge.

Wannan musamman rataye tsarin da aka gina a 1883. Domin cewa lokaci shi ne mafi girma a dakatar gada a cikin duniya, da kuma kawai viaduct, wanda kayayyaki sun karfe sanduna.

Shekaru uku bayan gina wata gada a New York akwai wani mutum-mutumi na Liberty. Shi ne mai kyauta daga Faransa zuwa Amirka, a wata ãyã daga aminci tsakanin jama'arsu. Don saman mutum-mutumi ne da yawa kamar yadda 324 matakai har zuwa podium - 192.

Yau, shi ne girman kai na kowane New Yorker. Duk da haka, a cikin marigayi 19th karni, da magina suna da ciwon kudi matsaloli. A Statue of Liberty ya ba da isasshen kudi. Sa'an nan kasashen biyu halshen wani m asusun-kiwon yaƙin neman zaɓe. Shirya kide da raffles. Kuma idan Faransa gladly karɓa kira zuwa ga tattara sauran adadin, da Amirkawa da kudi dotting babu sauri. Mataki na ashirin da taimaka sanannun jarida Dzhozefa Pulittsera, wanda ya soki ya countrymen. Wadannan littafin na Amurka mazauna sun sauri auku kudi don gina.

Natural History Museum

A birnin aiki daya daga cikin rare gidajen tarihi a duniya - da Natural History Museum. A New York, wani mazaunin ko bako na birni iya ziyarci shi.

Amirkawa suna alfahari da cewa a cikin wannan gidan kayan gargajiya kiyaye rabin miliyan kundin na littattafai a kan batun na halitta kimiyya. More baƙi sha'awan da gidan kayan gargajiya dakunan.

Saboda haka, a kan na farko bene za ka iya ganin farfado da mutane a matakai daban-daban na cigaban dan Adam. Akwai sanannen "Lucy" (Australopithecus kwarangwal), "Peking Man", kuma da yawa wasu.

Hawa na biyu Ladies son 'yan mata - akwai fiye da dubu 100 kofe na duwatsu masu daraja. Akwai kuma wani dakin inda meteorites aka adana, da kuma a falo tare da burbushin skeletons na dinosaur da sauran dadaddun tsoho dabbobi.

Ups, kuma hambarar

Kamar yadda za a iya gani, da tarihi na New York sun san rubucen da kuma hambarar da. 70 shekaru na karshe karni, ya tuna da tattalin arziki da zamantakewa rikicin a cikin 90s a Amurka garzaya wani sabon kalaman na baƙi (mafi yawa daga cikin tsohon Tarayyar Soviet), da kuma birnin ya fara girma sake. Sa'an nan kuma akwai wata albarku na "dotcom" (wajen kama wani zamani farko-rubucen), da kuma matasa Hakama a cikin kasuwanci.

Kuma, ba shakka, magana game da tarihin birnin, ba za mu iya ce game da ban tausayi kwanan wata - Satumba 11, 2001, lokacin da wani harin ta'addanci da ta dauki dubban rayuka da halakar da biyu tallest skyscrapers a New York.

A zamaninmu, da sabon ci gaba hedkwatarsu, qara yawan mazaunanta da kuma gina sabon gine-gine.