Battle of Smolensk 1941: darajar

A lokacin rani na 1941 a cikin ganuwar Smolensk, Hitler ta fãtan su karbi bakuncin m blitzkrieg da Tarayyar Soviet aka gazawa. A nan, Jamus sojojin na zuwa rukuni na sojojin "Center", bogged saukar for 2 watanni a cikin fadace-fadace tare da Red Army da haka rasa ba kawai lokaci, amma kuma gudun da motsi, kazalika da sojojin da zai iya bukatar su a nan gaba.

Battle of Smolensk 1941 ne cikkaken kewayon ayyukan duka biyu m da kuma tsaron gida a yanayi. Sun ciyar da wani ɓangare na sojojin na tsakiya da yammaci, Bryansk kuma Reserve fronts da Nazi sojoji, 'yan "Center" rukuni na sojojin. Smolensk yaƙi da ya faru a lokacin daga 10 Yuli zuwa 10 ga watan Satumba. Adawa tsakanin biyu takaddama jam'iyyun gudanar da sararin yankinsu a rufe game da 650 km na gaban line kuma kara bunkasa da kimanin kilomita 250. Yana fara wani jini babban yaki. Battle of Smolensk, dole ne in ce, shi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa.

da tsare-tsaren da Jamus

Ya na farko shekara na yaki. A watan Yuli, da Nazi jagoranci kafa kafin Janar-Field Marshal Feodor von Bock da ciwon umurnin sassa sojojin "Center", mafi muhimmanci aiki. Ta aka kewaye da kara lalata Soviet sojojin, don kiyaye tsaro na kõguna Dnieper da kuma Yammacin Dvina. Bugu da kari, da Jamus tsaro sun kama birnin Smolensk, Vitebsk da Orsha. Wannan zai ba su damar bude wani kai tsaye hanya ga karshe hari a kan Moscow.

Location of Soviet sojojin

By karshen watan Yuni, da Soviet umurnin fara hanzari kara yawan dakarun na Red Army a kan bankunan na yammacin Dvina da Dnepr. Yana da aka bai da aiki: dauki Polotsk, Vitebsk, Orsha, Kraslava, kogin Dnepr da kuma gyara wadannan iyakoki. Battle of Smolensk aka nufin wani hali hana nasara na Jamus sojojin a cikin tsakiyar masana'antu yankunan kasar, kazalika da Moscow. A zurfin game da 250 km daga gaban 19 ƙungiyoyin da aka tura. Smolensk kuma shirya kare kansa.

Yuli 10 da sojojin na yammacin Front, umarta ta Marshal Timoshenko, kunshi 5 rundunar (37 rarrabuwa). Kuma cewa ke ba kirgawa mãsu bãyar da bãya daga yankin Yammacin Belarus disparate sassa na Soviet sojojin. Amma ta sa'an nan kawai 24 rarrabu ya zo wurin tayin.

The location da kuma yawan Jamus sojojin

Battle of Smolensk, 1941, ya gaske m. Wannan ne evidenced da yawan sojojin suka dauki bangare a shi. Duk da yake faruwa buildup na Soviet sojojin, da Jamus umurnin ma na jan tare da babban sojojin na ta biyu tank kungiyoyin a yankin na Yammacin Dvina da Dnepr. A daidai wannan lokaci da dakaru rabo daga cikin 16th Army, wanda na daga cikin sassa na 'Arewa' kungiyar, ya dauki bangare daga Drissa zuwa Idritsa.

Kamar yadda na biyu filin sojojin na zuwa "Center" kungiyar, wanda shi ne fiye da 30 rarrabuwa, suna lagging a baya da m sadarwa don game 130-150 km. Dalilin da bata lokaci ba ya zama m yãƙi a kan ƙasa na Belarus.

A lokacin da fashewa daga tashin Jamus gudanar ya halicci wasu magabaci a cikin fasahar da manpower a filin shugabanci na babban bugu.

Battle of Smolensk 1941 aka conventionally kasu kashi 4, saukarwa. Kowane daga cikinsu yana da muhimmanci sosai daga ra'ayi na tarihi.

A mataki na farko

Yana dade daga 10 zuwa 20 ga watan Yuli. Soviet sojoji a wannan lokaci ne kawai ke yin tunãni da kara maƙiyi naushe cewa yi ruwan sama a dama da reshe kuma tsakiyar yammaci Front. Panzer Group Jamus Gotha da 16th Field Army, mukaddashin tare, zai iya raba 22 th da karya da tsaro na 19th Army, dake a cikin Vitebsk yankin. A sakamakon ci gaba da fada Nazis iya kama Velizh, Polack, Nevel, Demidov da Dukhovshchina.

Bayan ya kasa, Soviet raka'a 22nd Army ƙarfafa matsayinsu a kan Lovat River. Saboda haka suka kiyaye Great Luka. A halin yanzu, 19-I, manyan fada, aka tilasta tattara zuwa Smolensk. Akwai, ta, tare da 16th Army jagoranci wani tsaron gida yaƙi da birnin.

A halin yanzu, da 2nd Panzer Group, umarta ta Geynts Guderian, wani bangare na sojojin gudanar ya kewaye Soviet sojojin kusa Mogilev. Amma babban su ikon da aka jefa, a kama] Orsha, Smolensk, Krichev da Yelnya. Wasu sassa na Soviet sojojin da aka kewaye, da wasu suke so su ci gaba da Mogilev. A halin yanzu, 21th Army gudanar da wani cin nasara m da kuma 'yanci Rogachev da Zhlobin. Sa'an nan, ba tare da tsayawa, ya ci gaba a kan Byhov da Bobruisk. By wadannan ayyuka, an liƙe saukar da manyan sojojin da 2nd filin na abokin sojojin.

biyu kafa

Wannan shi ne lokacin daga 21 Yuli zuwa 7 ga watan Agusta. A Soviet Army, suka yi yaƙi a yammacin Front, ya karbi sabon reinforcements, kuma nan da nan suka tafi a kan m, a fannin adam ƙauyuka Yartsevo, White kuma Roslavl. A kudu, a mahayan kungiyar, kunsha na uku rarrabu, ta fara kai hari a kan reshe da kuma kokarin gudu a kusa da babban sojojin abokan gaba raka'a, na kunshe a cikin "Centre" rukuni na sojojin. Daga baya, da Jamus shiga cikin stragglers connection.

Yuli 24th 13th da 21th Army shiga a cikin Tsakiya Front. Kwamandan nada Kanar-Janar FI Kuznetsov. A sakamakon m da jini yãƙi Soviet sojojin gudanar ya hana a shirya harin makiya tank kungiyoyin, da kuma 16-th da kuma 20-th sojojin ta faɗa barke na encirclement. Bayan 6 kwanaki, an halitta duk da haka wani gaban - Reserve. Its kwamandan ya General Zhukov.

The uku mataki

Yana dade daga 8 zuwa 21 ga watan Agusta. A wannan lokaci da yãƙi koma kudu na Smolensk ga Tsakiya, da kuma daga baya zuwa Bryansk Front. Last halitta a ranar 16 ga watan Agusta. Suna sanya wa umurnin Lieutenant-Janar A. Yeremenko. Daga 8 Agusta, Red Army nasarar dakile duk hare-hare na Jamusawa da su tank kungiyar. Maimakon fatar a Moscow, da Jamus aka tilasta adawa da sassa na Soviet sojojin, wanda musu wa'adi daga kudu. Amma, duk da wannan, da Jamus sun iya su motsa a cikin ƙasa na game 120-150 km. Suka gudanar da dasa qiyayya a tsakanin biyu sadarwa na tsakiya da kuma Bryansk fronts.

Akwai wata barazana ga muhalli. Umurnin shawarar da ta Kudu-Yamma da kuma Tsakiyar fronts Agusta 19 da aka tanada domin Dnieper. The sojojin na kasashen Turai da kuma Reserve, kazalika da 43th da 24th Army fara isar da iko counterattacks a kan maƙiyansa a cikin sãsanni da kuma Yartsevo Yelnya. A sakamakon haka, da Jamus sun sha wahala babbar asarar.

A karo na hudu mataki

A mataki na karshe na yakin da ya faru a lokacin daga 22 Agusta zuwa 10 ga watan Satumba. Na biyu Jamus sojojin, tare da tank kungiyar ci gaba don ku yi yaƙi da sojojin Soviet a kan Bryansk Front. A wannan lokaci, abokan gaba tankuna an hõre m m iska buga. Wadannan iska buga da hannu fiye da 450 da jirgin sama. Amma, duk da wannan, da m tanki kungiyar ta dakatar da kasa. Yana aikatã game da wani iko duka da dama reshe na yammacin Front. Saboda haka, da Jamus sun shagaltar da birnin na Toropets. 22 th da kuma 29 ga watan Army da koma baya ga kasashen yammacin Dvina.

Satumba 1, Soviet sojojin da aka umurce su da su je a kan m, amma ba sosai nasara. Shi ne kawai ya isa ya kawar da hatsari protrusion Jamusawa kusa Elnya. Kuma a ranar 10 ga Satumba da m, aka yanke shawarar dakatar da tafi a kan tsaron gida. Kamar wancan ƙare yakin Smolensk a 1941.

tsaro na Smolensk

Wasu masana tarihi ayan yi imani da cewa Soviet sojojin bar birnin a ranar 16 ga Yuli. Amma shaida da shawara cewa, da Red Army kare Smolensk. Wannan ne evidenced da gagarumin asarar sha wahala da Jamusawa suka nemi karya ta zuwa sosai tsakiyar birnin da kuma kama shi.

Don jinkirta da sojojin abokan gaba a kan Yuli 17, a kan umarni na Kanar P. Malyshev sappers ya cikin ƙaho up da gadoji a fadin Dnieper. A lokacin kwanaki biyu suka gudana m titi yãƙi, a lõkacin da yawa sassa na birnin sau da yawa na iya wuce a daya, to, da sauran hannunka.

A halin yanzu, da Jamus tako har su soja iko, da safe na Yuli 19, da suka har yanzu gudanar ansu rubuce-rubucen da wani yanki na Smolensk, located a dama gāɓar kogi. Amma Soviet sojojin da aka ba za su mika garin ga makiya. Smolensk tsaron gida yaƙi dade 22 da kuma 23 ga watan Yuli. A lokacin da ya Red Army da za'ayi quite nasara counterattack, kuma fid da titi daga titi, block da block. A fadace-fadace da birnin Nazis amfani da harshen-amai tankuna. Wannan dabara da su babbar harshen wuta hurawa spewed band zo zuwa 60 m, a tsawon. Bugu da kari, a kan shugabannin Soviet sojojin ci gaba da tashi Jamus jirgin sama.

Musamman m fadace-fadace da aka yi yaƙi da birnin hurumi, kazalika da wani daga cikin dutse gine-gine. Sau da yawa sosai ta barke a cikin melee, wanda yawanci ƙare cikin nasarar da Soviet gefe. A tsanani na fada ya haka high cewa Jamus kawai ba su da lokacin da za a yi kashe su matattu da kuma rauni.

Na uku Soviet shugabannin ƙungiyoyin da suke dauki bangare a cikin tsaro na Smolensk, a kowane akwai ba fiye 250-300 sojoji, abinci da kuma harsasai sun duk gajiya. A halin yanzu, da karfafa kungiyar a karkashin umurnin Rokossovsky tsãwace Jamus gari Yartsevo da kuma kama tsallaka da Dnieper kusa Solovyov da Ratchino. Yana da wannan mataki a yarda da su janye daga yanayi 19 th da kuma 16 ga watan Soviet sojojin.

A karshe ɓangare na Red Army tsallake daga Smolensk a lokacin dare na 28 zuwa 29 ga watan Yuli. Akwai daya kadai da ya bataliya. Su jagoranci Senior Siyasa A. Turov. Manufar wannan bataliya ya rufe karbo daga cikin babban sojojin na Soviet sojojinta daga Smolensk, kazalika da wani kwaikwayo na gaban a babban soja raka'a. Bayan kammala da oda, da tsira mayar da su cikin yaƙin mataki.

sakamakon

A 1941, kawai inflamed da Great Patriotic War. Battle of Smolensk kuwa ya ba shugabannin na Red Army da zama dole soja kwarewa, ba tare da wanda ba shi yiwuwa su yi yaƙi da wannan tsari da kuma iko, maƙiyi. Wannan adawa, wanda dade da watanni biyu, shi ne babban dalilin da gazawar da Hitler ta blitzkrieg kaidi da Tarayyar Soviet.

Ma'ana Smolenskii yaƙi overemphasized. Godiya ga fifiko kokarin da jaruntakar ayyuka, kazalika da kudin na babbar asarar da, da Red Army gudanar ya dakatar da abokan gaba da kuma zuwa tsaro na yanki zuwa Moscow. Soviet sojojin dauki brunt na Jamus Panzer Group, wanda ya so ya yi amfani da kama da na biyu mafi muhimmanci birnin Tarayyar Soviet - Leningrad.

Battle of Smolensk, photos of events wanda suka tsira, ya nuna cewa wata babbar lamba na sojoji da jami'an a kudin ransa jaruntaka da kuma selflessly kare zahiri kowane inch na ƙasar haihuwarmu. Amma kar ka manta game da fararen hula da ba kawai da birni amma kuma yankin da bayar invaluable taimako a cikin halittar tsaron gida matsayi. Yana da ma'aikata game da 300 da dubu. Unguwa. Bugu da kari, su ma dauki bangare a cikin yãƙi. A Smolensk yankin a cikin wani gajeren lokaci da aka kafa fiye da 25 brigades da battalions na hallaka.