Borovitsky tudun: taƙaitaccen bayanin da tarihin

Borovitsky tudun - wani wuri inda akwai wani shiri, wanda daga baya ya zama tushen da Moscow, babban birnin jihar. An located a mahaɗar tsakãninsu da Moskva River a Neglinnaya. A zamanin da, an rufe tare da m ciyayi, zai fi dacewa coniferous itatuwa da kuma Pine. Wannan wuri ya zama wani Haven ga wasu kungiyoyin na yawan da kuma yawan archaeological al'adu.

A farko

Borovitsky tudun a zamanin da aka farko lugar da dayansu da masunta (Fatyanovo zamani). Daga baya suka maye gurbinsu pastoral mutane (Diakonoff mataki), bayan abin da wurin da aka riga ya magance zone kai tsaye Slavic yawan: Vyatichi da Krivichy. Masu bincike sami ragowar da suka tsaya a nan a cikin nau'i na mounds. Akwai wani zato cewa a cikin 11th karni Borovitsky tudun wani shiri da kananan USAID, katako, palisade, a tsanya.

A farko nuni

A wurin da aka farko da aka ambata a cikin tarihin a 1147, dangane da idin, wanda ya ba da Rostov-Suzdal Prince Yury Dolgoruky ta ɗan kura. Akwai shaida da cewa bayan wani lokaci, ya umurce su da su gina wani katako, sansanin soja a nan. Duk da haka, akwai wani ra'ayin cewa shi housed Estate na wani Boyar tara, wanda aka tilasta dauka baya daga gare shi, kuma ya juya a cikin wani hereditary yarima ta patrimony. M Gwargwadon wuri baya ya kai ga cewa Borovitsky tudun shagaltar da wani muhimmin wuri a cikin tsarin na kufaifan aiki a cikin arewa-maso-gabashin jihohin.

hijirarsa

mulkin gargajiya fragmentation lokacin da aka alama ta jayayya da sabani a tsakanin shugabanninmu, daga wanda ya sha wahala ƙwarai kawai ke yankin. A search na wani secluded tsari da suka tashi daga gidajensu, da kuma aika zuwa wani m da kafaffen wuri. Shi ne mai kyawawan karfi hijirarsa gudana, wanda ya jagoranci zuwa wani sabon mataki a cikin yankin. Borovitsky Hill a Moscow ta zama mafaka. Duk da haka ya tashi a wuri birnin ne sau da yawa da manufa na kai hare-hare da kuma looting: a cikin 11th karni shi ƙone Ryazan yarima a cikin 13th karni, ya aka hõre m devastation a sakamakon hari Batu rati.

topography

A zamanin yau, akwai Red Square, wani ɓangare na kasar Sin-gari. A mafi part aka kira Makovytsya, wanda ke nufin kambi. Ga Cathedral Square tare da daya daga cikin manyan gine-gine haikali a kasar mu - da patriarchal Cathedral na ɗauka. Saboda haka, Borovitsky Hill ya zama cibiyar nan gaba babban birnin kasar da kuma tsakiya na sabon jihar. Wannan ne sun fi mayar da m da ta m Gwargwadon wuri, arziki halitta albarkatun da kare wannan wuri daga makiyaya da Tatars, wanda janyo hankalin mai yawa mutane a nan a zamanin mulkin da Tartar karkiya. Edge Hill aka mai suna lbische ko wurin kisa: daga nan don kaddamar da Rokon ga mutane na sarakuna, ya kuma ayyana kabila.

sunan

Asalin sunan "Borovitsky Hill" saboda da peculiarities na halitta da kuma Gwargwadon yanayi. Akwai wani ra'ayi da shi da aka haka mai suna saboda shi aka rufe a gandun daji. A cewar wani version, wurin da aka mai suna daga kalmar "Borovica", wanda ke nufin da sarari inda gandun daji ko gandun daji. Dukansu shiriritar masu kama da juna, da kuma aminci daga wannan zato aka tabbatar da cewa da farko gine-gine a nan da aka dangantawa da cewa sunan, kamar da coci da kuma Convent. Wannan ya bayyana amsar tambaya game da dalilin da ya sa Borovitsky tudun don haka ya kira.

Middle Ages

A m tarihi na wannan wuri yana da alaka da sarautar farko Moscow shugabanninmu, wanda aka hannu a cikin ginin. Karkashin Ivan Kalita nan da aka kafa da kuma gina dama majami'u, da kuma a cikin shekaru uku kafin mutuwarsa - oak Kremlin. Lokacin da ya jikan, Dmitry Donskoy, da gina dutse da ganuwa da babban birnin kasar, wanda ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a kare gari daga mamayewa na Lithuanian Grand Duke, da Tatar khan. A sabon ginin da aka gina a kan waje na haihuwa katangu. A kauri daga sabon ganuwar daga biyu zuwa uku mita. Garu lambar kuma hada ramuka, embankments. A ganuwar da aka sanye take da loopholes. Lokacin Ivan III fara gina sabon gine-gine na Kremlin, wannan lokaci sanya bulo. A ta yi da shi ya dauki game da shekara goma.

sabon lokaci

A 17th karni ginin a kan tudun Borovitsky ci gaba sake. Akwai aka gina coci, da belfry, da bẽnãye, kuma manyan gidãje. A hasumiyarta da aka sanya a cikin alfarwa-style, a hanyar su sun tsira. Lokacin da na farko Rasha sarki a nan da aka gina da Arsenal gini, amma daga baya, dangane da canja wuri na babban birnin kasar zuwa St. Petersburg gini, da rashin alheri, ya tsaya. Ma'ana Borovitsky tudun high ba kawai a cikin tarihi na Grand Duchy na Moscow, amma kuma a Rasha a general. A gaskiya wannan wuri ya zama da zuciyar mai hadade jiha ce da ta zama cibiyar ha dabam ƙasashe da ikoki. M dabarun tattalin arziki da muhimmancin da ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ci gaba da kuma enrichment.