Hada hannu da Crimea Rasha a 2014: yaya aka yi?

Mutane da yawa canje-canje sun faru a duniya a shekarar 2014. Domin mutumin da ba su wuce kada a gane shi, yayin da wasu su ne kawai da mafi kusantar su karanta labarai, don zama na uku a duniya yaki.

Ga yawan jama'a da Crimea, da yawa ya canza wannan shekara. "The sashin na Crimea kuma Sevastopol birni koma cikin Rasha Federation", - don haka shi za sauti zuwa da yawa zuriyar sakamakon zaben raba gardama a shekarar 2014. Yana zai zama a 20, 30, watakila shekaru 40. Yanzu, wasu za su ce: "Crimea koma gida", yayin da wasu za su yi jayayya: "Rasha sun shagaltar da Crimea."

Kafin a kusa look at abubuwan da suka faru na farkon shekarar 2014, kuma ya fahimci abin da suka numfashi Crimeans shekara daga baya annexation na Crimea zuwa Rasha, wajibi ne a yi karamin yawon shakatawa a cikin gabata da kuma koyi yadda za a kunnen doki da tarihi na sashin da kuma Rasha.

Crimea mika mulki karkashin mulkin na Rasha Empire

A watan Yuli 1774 ƙare da yaki tsakanin Rasha da kuma Ottoman Empire. Bisa ga sakamakon da lashe yawan tashi Black Sea birane, da kuma aka ba su da hakkin ya sami wani fatauci da kuma soja jiragen ruwa a tekun Black Sea. A Crimean sashin bayyana zaman kanta a jihar.

Tuni a 1774 ya bayyana cewa Accession daga Rasha zuwa Crimea - shi ne, kamar yadda suka faɗa, a al'amari na lokaci. Amma bai warware soja da siyasa wajen.

Tare da taimakon Rasha iko a cikin Crimea zo Khan Shahin Giray, kuma baya m da magoya bayansa ya gudu zuwa Turkey. Annexation na Crimea zuwa Rasha a 1783 aka tabbatar da manifesto da Empress Catherine II a ranar 8 ga watan Afrilu. Tun daga nan, da tarihi na sashin ne inextricably nasaba da Rasha.

A Brief History of Crimea daga 1921 zuwa 1954

Crimea bayan da annexation zuwa Rasha a 1783, ya fara canza cika fuska, da ababen more rayuwa da kuma samar da ya samo asali, canja da kabilu da yawan jama'a.

Lokacin da Bolsheviks zo ikon da ya kawo karshen yakin basasa, da Crimean cin gashin kanta Soviet Socialist Jamhuriyar aka kafa. A farkon karni na XX rayu a kan sashin: Rasha, wanda lissafta ga kusan rabin yawan jama'ar (49.6%), Crimean Tatars (19.4%), Ukrainians (13.7%), Yahudawa (5.8%), Jamusawa (4 , 5%) da sauransu (7%).

A lokacin babban Patriotic War ya m yãƙi a cikin Crimea, wani tasĩhi mai tsawo unrecognizable canza fuskar sashin da halin da mazaunanta. A cikin bazara na shekarar 1944 shi ne ya fara aiki, 'yanto Crimea daga invaders.

A cikin shekaru 1944-1946 Crimean Tatars aka tura daga sashin ga goyon baya na Nazi Jamus, an kafa Crimean yankin a cikin Rasha.

Crimea, Ukraine

A shekarar 1954, Crimea aka hada a cikin Ukrainian Jamhuriyar. Yana da aka ma'ana da kuma m da kusa tattalin arziki da al'adu tsakaninsu, kazalika da hadin kai na ƙasa. Mutane da yawa da ãyõyinMu, dogo da kuma hanya hanyoyi na da alaka da babban yankin na Ukraine.

A shekarar 1989, kungiyar tarayyar ya canza gwamnati ta hali zuwa Crimean Tatars fara makõmarsu take hijirarsa zuwa wannan yanki.

A farkon shekarar 1991, an gudanar da zaben raba gardama na farko, wanda ke haifar a cikin Crimea sake samu 'yancin cin gashin cikin Ukrainian SSR. Bayan rushewar tarayyar Soviet, Crimea zauna a yanzu zaman kanta a jihar na Ukraine. Daga shekarar 1994 zuwa 2014 dade cin gashin kanta Jamhuriyar Crimea. A farkon 2014, akwai wani sabon dangane da Rasha Crimea.

Ta yaya shi duka ya fara

A watan Nuwamba 2013 a babban birnin kasar Ukraine, da fara zanga-zangar. Shugaban kasar Viktor Yanukovych dakatarda rattaba hannu kan ƙungiya yarjejeniya tare da kungiyar kasashen Turai. Wannan shi ne dalilin da saki mutane a kan tituna.

Wanda ya fara da dalibai rallies haduwa girma a cikin wani iko motsi. Dubban mutane shirya wani tanti a birnin a tsakiyar Kiev fara zauna gwamnatin gine-gine, da kona tayoyi.

A hankali m haduwa juya a cikin wani m adawa tsakanin masu zanga-zanga da 'yan sanda. Akwai na farko wadanda a garesu. A lokaci guda a yankunan dake yammacin Ukraine sun fara mataki a kan data kasance gwamnati, nada kawunansu na birni da kuma yankin majalisarku, niƙẽwa Monuments na Soviet tsarin mulki.

The juyin mulki a Ukraine

A watan Fabrairu 2014 rabo a Kiev, wanda ya zama sananne a matsayin euromaidan peaked. Unknown makasa da dama, masu zanga-zanga da kuma jami'an tilasta bin dokoki, an kashe. A 'yan adawa da shugabannin zanga zangar motsi sanya wani juyin mulki, shugaba Yanukovych tsere daga kasar tare da iyalinsa.

Zo ga ikon pro-Western shugabannin, bisa ta'adi tsayayya da Rasha, Rasha, da Tarayyar Soviet. Ba bisa doka ba dauke da makamai sun fara motsawa daga Kiev zuwa yankuna. A cikin kudu-gabashin kasar sun fara wani m retaliatory mataki a kan sabon tsarin mulki.

Crimea: daga zanga-zangar da zaben raba gardama

A rikicin ya haddasa Crimea Ukrainian hukumomi da bukatar sanin ko su ƙaddara a watan Fabrairu 2014. A tallafi na sabuwar gwamnatin a Ukraine nufi keta tarihi, al'adu da kuma zamantakewa tsakaninsu da Rasha sashin. sojojin fili maƙiya kuma m magana juyin juya hali a Kiev a kan Rasha, ciki har da wadanda suke rayuwa a cikin Crimea.

A Sevastopol, Simferopol, Kerch da kuma sauran birane, suka fara bore kan sabon ikon a Kiev, da kuma zalunci na Rasha harshen, da Kaddamar da ta tarihi, zuwa na m magoya bayan euromaidan m, halakar Soviet-zamanin Monuments. Wajibi ne, duk da haka, a ce wani bangare na al'ummar na Crimea goyon shugabannin da suka zo da iko a general haduwa a tsakiyar babban birnin kasar Ukraine. A general yarjejeniya tare da sabon gwamnatin bayyana Crimean Tatars.

Kare dabi'u, al'adu, hanyar rayuwa da kuma aminci daga cikin mazaunan Crimea ayyana su da niyyar rike wani raba gardama, wanda sanin nufin mafi yawan jama'arta na sashin: ya kasance ƙarƙashin ikon Ukraine ko ya shiga Rasha.

Shiri da aiwatarwa da kuma sakamakon kuri'ar raba gardama a shekarar 2014

A ranar da zaben raba gardama a kan makomar Crimea aka shirya domin May 25. Duk da yake a kan sashin da aka gudanar m horo a cikin Ukraine, da Amurka da Turai da tattauna illegality irin wannan kuri'ar raba gardama, ya ce a gaba na ba-fitarwa na ta da sakamakon.

Daga baya, a kan bango na attajirai ke rikicin Ukraine kuri'a ranar da aka koma Maris 16. A mutane a cikin Crimea nuna mafi aiki da kuma fito wuce 80% na al'ummar jihar. Crimeans m raba gardama da muhimmanci. Yana da aka ba tukuna da kwanan wata na annexation na Crimea zuwa Rasha, amma yanzu shi ne yini a kan Maris 16, ana kiran su zuwa yin hutu a wannan yanki.

Riga da sakamakon da aka sanar a kan Maris 17. Crimean yawan zabe daidaituwa tare da Rasha. Kuma a kan Maris 21, an amince da sanya hannu cikin dokar ta kasar wanda ya faru a kan Rasha ta Accession ga Crimea da Sevastopol.

Rasha soja a Crimea

A cikin marigayi hunturu na 2014 a kan Crimean sashin, da aiki motsi mutane a uniform aka gani. Policy, ba bisa ƙa'ida ba samu iko a Kiev, nan da nan ake zargi Rasha na soja ta'adi. Bi da bi, Rasha ta musanta gaban da dakarunta a yankin, fãce bisa raka'a daidai da yarjejeniya tsakanin Rasha da Ukraine.

Daga baya, da soja, wanda sanya sauya a sashin, zama da aka sani da suna "kore maza" da "m mutane".

Ba dole ne a ce cewa Ukraine ya ba up jagorancin da cin gashin kanta Jamhuriyar a samar da yanayi na nufin mutanen. Kuma, godiya ga gaban da Rasha soja contingent, wanda yana da hakkin ya zauna a kan sashin na Crimea ta Accession zuwa Rasha ya faru lumana.

Tambayoyi da, haramun na disconnecting Crimea daga Ukraine

Ukraine da kawayenta nan da nan ayyana doka ayyuka na gwamnatin na Crimea da kuma Rasha. A sakamakon zaben raba gardama da kuma gaskiyar da haɗuwa, bisa ga shugabannin kasashe da dama ne ba bisa doka ba. EU kasashen da Amurka ba a gane annexation na Crimea zuwa Rasha da kuma ci gaba da da'awar cewa sashin ne a karkashin zama.

A lokaci guda, suna goyon bayan saba wa tsarin mulki juyin mulki a Kiev, da kuma, haka ma, wakilan Amurka da kuma kasashen Turai sun gana da gwagwarmaya euromaidan kuma ko da ya shawarci shugabanninta.

A sanarwar da zaben raba gardama a cikin Crimea aka sanya halattaciyar gwamnati na m jamhuriyar. Turnout a tashoshin zabe nuna sha'awa na yawan jama'a a shata kara rai na sashin a wani worsening tattalin arziki da rikicin a Ukraine da kuma duniya. Mafiya yawa, fiye da 90% zabe, zabe da Accession daga cikin Crimea zuwa Rasha.

Dokokin kasa da kasa yakan haifar da da yiwuwar mutanen da suke zaune a wannan yanki, don yanke shawara nasu makoma. Kuma da yawan jama'a na Crimea da aka sanya. A mulkin kai na jamhuriyar cikin Ukraine a yarda da gwamnatin, to bushãra da wani zaben raba gardama, da kuma cewa abin da ya faru.

A farko watanni bayan da zaben raba gardama

A sauyin lokaci ne wuya ba da mazaunan wannan yanki. Annexation na Crimea zuwa Rasha a shekarar 2014 - lalle mafi muhimmanci ya faru a tarihi a cikin rãyuwar da dukan ƙasar. Amma abin da ya zama da zai zama da rai daga cikin Crimean mutane a nan gaba?

A watan Maris-Afrilu 2014 a sashin fara rufe kasuwanci da kuma bankuna tsayar da biyan kan katunan kuma a akwatin ofishin. Ukrainian yan kasuwa suna janye dukiyoyinsu.

Fara karancin ruwa da wutar lantarki, ta ƙara rashin aikin yi, da kuma jerin gwano domin sake rajista takardun ba su kara farin ciki a rayuwar yau da kullum na Crimeans. A watan Afrilu da Mayu a sashin farko kalaman na 'yan gudun hijira daga kudu-gabashin Ukraine, inda wani m adawa da mayakan sa kai Kiev hukuma Lugansk da Donetsk yankuna.

Kamar yadda 'yan watanni baya suka fara gane da yan unguwa shiga Crimea zuwa Rasha? Reviews sun sosai daban-daban. Wani ya a baƙin ciki da tsoro saboda worsening halin tattalin arzikinsu. Wasu kuma sun kasance yarda ya je tare da zaba hanya ta hanyar wani cikas. Rayuwa canza sashin kuma ba a cikin duk yankuna ga mafi alhẽri, amma Crimeans rayuwa da kuma ji dadin canje-canje.

Mun canza ba da wayar salula lambobin ba su dauka daga wurare dabam dabam cikin hryvnia, bai samu sabon lasisi faranti ga motoci, amma a ko'ina waving tricolor flags.

Kamar yadda Crimeans hadu New 2015

Annexation na Crimea zuwa Rasha a 2014 kara matsala da kuma gogewa a rayuwa na 'yan asalin yawan jama'a. Wadannan damuwa kowa ya ba lura da Sabuwar Shekara kusata. A cikin garuruwa, suna ƙara yanke wutar lantarki da kuma ruwa farashin an tashi, kazalika da wuraren da cunkoso, jobs ba tukuna halitta, saboda haka da yawa za su yi tasbĩhi holidays suna fadin: babu aiki - ba kudi.

Riga kusan shekara guda, a matsayin wurin da Crimea ta Accession zuwa Rasha. Ra'ayin da har yanzu suna daban-daban. Amma a nan da kuma can za ka iya jin kira: "A'a, da Nuhu, zai tsira."
A shekarar 2015, Crimean mutane jiran har yanzu da yawa daga canje-canje, amma da suka koya don yi haƙuri. Babban abu ne cewa bisa ga yawa daga gare su - shi ne a kwantar da hankula, wanda damar ba tare da tsoron nan gaba.

Rasha bayan da annexation na Crimea

Mutane da yawa siyasa masana kimiyya, tattalin arziki, 'yan kasuwa da tunani: Accession da Rasha Crimea halin kaka kasar ne don haka tsada da cewa shi ne mai rahusa saya mayar da sashin a Ukraine. A takunkumi, wanda ya zama Mafarin Amurka, ta bazara na shekarar 2014 ya fara da za a ji, a cikin aikin na Rasha kamfanoni. Gurgunta kasar kudi tsarin.

Ko da manyan kamfanoni suna tilasta su rage yawan kayayyakin dangane da abin da ake sa ran da kuma rage ma'aikata, wanda ke nufin cewa Yunƙurin a rashin aikin yi a fadin kasar.

A Amurka an goyan bayan masu rinjaye na ƙasashen EU. All tsaurara takunkumi, Rasha da ake zargi da zama na Crimea da kuma aiki taimako na mayakan sa kai na Kudu maso Gabas na Ukraine. Kyiv hukuma kullum yi kalamai game da kasancewar yau da kullum da sojojin Rasha a kan su Sarkin ƙasa.

Turai da Amurka take kokarin ware Rasha tattalin arziki da kuma kudi kasuwanni ka saukar, don samun ta yi wasa da su dokoki. Amma halin da ake ciki samu daga iko, kasar na da wani muhimmin Majibinci, da tattalin arzikin ya fara matsawa zuwa sabon kasuwanni.