Formational m

Akwai 2 babban hanyoyin nazarin ci gaban al'umma da kuma jihar - wayewa da kuma formational. A farko dogara ne a kan gaskiyar cewa da littattafai na typology ne halin yanzu matakin da wayewa na kasashe daban-daban.

Formational tsarin kula da nazari na jama'a na bukatar cewa a tsawon tarihi wajen ci gaban bil'adama wuce wasu matakai (samuwar) daban-daban daga juna tushe da kuma superstructure. Fice wakilan na biyu m ne Marx da Engels.

Formation - tarihi da irin al'umma, wanda dogara ne a kan wani Hanyar samar da dukiya. Kafuwar duk zamantakewa dangantakar a kan tushen da na sama, suna aiki.

Formation m ya hada da irin matsalolin a matsayin superstructure da tushe. Karshe na nufin totality of dangantakar a cikin Sphere na tattalin arziki, kunno kai a samar, musayar, rarraba da kuma amfani da kayan dukiya. A yanayin alakoki na samarwa ba ya dogara ne a kan sani kuma zai, shi ne ya rinjayi na yanzu matakin da kuma bukatun da wani abu m sojojin wadannan dangantakar. A karkashin superstructure na wani sa na doka, addini, siyasa da kuma sauran ra'ayoyi da kuma halaye. A tsarin da superstructure dokoki zamantakewa gami a cikin al'umma, wasu siffofin na iyali, rayuwa da kuma salon rayuwa.

Formational ma'anar manufar ta'allaka ne da cewa a sakamakon ci gaban da samar da tsaro da kuma samar da su da ya dace masana'antu dangantakar, wanda maye gurbin da kuma ayyana bayyanar da sabon samuwar.

Ga kowane daga cikinsu ne halin da wasu muhimman siffofin da mallaka rinjaye a cikin harkokin siyasa da kuma a cikin tattalin arzikin daga cikin manyan azuzuwan. Agrarian wayewa dace mataki na m, bawa, mulkin gargajiya al'umma. Jari hujja - masana'antu wayewa. Higher samuwar aka dauke a Kwaminis, wanda daga akidar Karl Marx ra'ayi dogara ne a kan mafi kyau, tattalin arziki mafi cigaba akai.

By Marx kansa bambanta uku tsarin - primary, secondary da kuma manyan. Primary kyan gani, m (tsaoho), na biyu - da tattalin arziki, da suka hada da kayayyakin gargajiya, Asian, mulkin gargajiya da kuma jari hujja (Bourgeois) samar da hanyoyin, manyan - TBN. Wancan ne, bisa ga wannan ka'ida, da samuwar ne wani mataki na tarihi ci gaba, wanda kowannensu yana da hankali da kuma ta halitta kawo mutane mafi kusa ga kwaminisanci.

Formational m ya shafi ci gaban akai, mabuwayi, kuma m canji na jama'a daga cikin mafi ƙasƙanci zuwa ga mafi girman iri dangane da canje-canje da kuma bunkasa dangantaka da samar. A tsakiyar aya daga cikin ka'idar cewa canji na tsarin faruwa ta hanyar aji gwagwarmaya da kuma zamantakewa juyin juya hali, da tada hankali da siyasa; tasowa tsakanin gindi da superstructure.

Formational tsarin kula da typology na jihar kuma bisa kan akidar Karl Marx rukunan maye tattalin arzikinsu tsarin. Historical iri jihar (saki bawa, mulkin gargajiya, sa'an nan kuma jari hujja, gurguzu) m zuwa kowane daga cikinsu.

Formational m yana da dama disadvantages:

• Yana karin gishiri rawar da tattalin arziki cikin rayuwar al'umma.
• underestimated da muhimmancin ruhaniya superstructure da kuma sauran abubuwan.
• predetermination na tarihi tsari .
• sauyen tarihi ya auku unilinearly.
• makala ga jari-hujja views.

A halin yanzu, da samuwar m ake fassara mafi kyau. A tarihin 'yan adam ne dauke daga batu na m ci gaba saboda ci gaban da m sojojin.