Gidajen nukiliya a cikin Crimea da Sevastopol

An gina tasoshin nukiliya a cikin Crimea a lokacin zamanin Soviet. Amma bayan faduwar kungiyar, an rufe da dama daga cikinsu, sannan daga bisani suka rasa kansu daga looters. Harkokin Soviet sune yawancin abubuwa marasa aiki a Rasha da kuma tsohon tsoffin jam'iyyun jihohi. Abubuwan da aka bari daga Crimea suna janyo hankulan 'yan wasa,' yan yawon bude ido da kuma magoya bayan su ne kawai don magance jijiyoyi.

Dalili na gina gine-ginen makaman nukiliya

Dangane da iyakokinta, Crimea ya kasance a tsakiyar ayyukan soja. A Soviet sau, bayan da farko na da Cold War, kasar jagorancin kokarin kare jihar.

Tun da yake fagen siyasa na duniya yana cikin matukar damuwa da halin da ake ciki a kasar, kuma akwai hakikanin hakikanin barazanar nukiliya ta Amurka, manyan ayyukan gine-gine da dama sun fara ne a cikin Crimea: daga gidajen bam don ajiyar makaman nukiliya. Har ila yau, masana'antu na Crimea sun fara ci gaba.

Abin baƙin cikin shine, bayan faduwar Soviet Union, yawancin waɗannan wurare sun watsar da dalilai daban-daban. Kasashen nukiliya na Rasha suna cikin yanayi mafi kyau.

Tsarin makamashin nukiliya na Crimean

Tsarin makamashin nukiliya na Crimean bai taba kammala ba. An located a kan da Kerch Larabawa, kusa da garin Shelkino, a kan gaba na gishiri Aktashskoe tafki. An shirya yin amfani da shi a matsayin kandar ruwan sha.

Tare da taimakon wannan NPP, hukumomi suna so su ba da wutar lantarki a dukan yankunan da ke Crimea, kuma su fara inganta ci gaban masana'antu. A lokacinmu, aikin sarrafa wutar lantarki mai amfani da makamashin nukiliya zai kasance da amfani sosai a yayin da Zaporizhzhya NPP yake a gefen gefen iyakar wata ƙasa mara kyau.

Ginin ya fara ne a 1975, tare da gina birnin Shelkino na tauraron dan adam. An yanke shawara ne domin a girmama shi da girmama Shchelkin Kirill Ivanovich, wanda ya kasance masanin kimiyyar nukiliya mai mahimmanci. Matasan matasa sun kasance a cikin garuruwan da aka gina - injiniyoyi na nukiliya da ma'aikata masu amfani da fasahar nukiliya a Ukraine.

Gina tashar tashar kanta ta fara ne kawai a shekarar 1982. An gudanar da gine-ginen a cikin wani tsari mai kyau, an fara farawa farko a 1989, amma tashar ba ta aiki ba. A 1987, aikin ya daskarewa. Akwai dalilai da yawa na wannan, mafi mahimmancin su shi ne hadarin a tashar wutar lantarki ta Chernobyl. Kamfanin dillancin labarun ya fara bayar da rahoto cewa dukkanin tsire-tsire na makamashin nukiliya - wurare masu haɗari na nukiliya, wanda ke da haɗari don amfani da man fetur, ba zai yarda ba don gina sabon tashoshi, musamman, Crimean. Bugu da ƙari ga waɗannan muhawara, akwai wani abu - wani wuri mara kyau daga ra'ayi na geological.

A cikin shekarar da aka gabatar da shirin, an rufe wannan aikin. Wannan lamari ne game da rushewar Soviet Union, don haka kusan wutar lantarki na nukiliya ta Crimean da aka yi shirye-shirye, ba a kula da shi ba, wanda aka yi amfani da shi daga duk wani raguwa.

Tashar nukiliya ta sata da kuma dauke shi don ƙananan ƙwayoyi da ba ƙarfe. Yau, daga ita akwai nau'i daya kawai, kuma tana janyo hankalin masu yawon shakatawa da masu fina-finai. Duk da haka, kamar duk wuraren da aka watsar da makamashin nukiliya a cikin Crimea da Sevastopol, makaman nukiliya ya lalace ba kawai saboda maras kyau ba, har ma a ƙarƙashin rinjayar yanayi da lokaci.

Bunker "Alsu"

"Object 221" shine mafi girma a cikin ƙasar Crimea. An shirya don sanya umurnin Black Sea Fleet a yayin da wani makaman nukiliya kai hari. A cikin duka yana da shimfidar ƙasa guda hudu, zurfinsa shine mita ɗari biyu, uku daga cikinsu kawai suna da damar kawai tare da samun kayan hawa.

Ciki da bunker ko'ina karin image na radiation farantin. A nan - ƙuƙwalwar ƙirar da ke rufe wuraren, kilomita na hakar ma'adinai da kuma babban ɗakin makamin nukiliya.

Ƙofar shiga cikin mai kwakwalwa tana samuwa a dutsen "Target" kuma an rarraba shi a matsayin ɗakin gini. Har ma da windows suna kusa don rashin amincewa. A saman kan dutse akwai kantunan samun iska da magunguna. Idan kana dubansa, ka fahimci cewa shugabancin Soviet yana da matukar damuwa game da tashin hankali da ake yi a kan abokan gaba.

Ba'a bada shawara akan ziyarar da aka yi a bunker saboda yawancin fasahar fasahar da ke da sauƙi don rasa, watsi da haɗari mai haɗari. Har ila yau a cikin abu shine babban zafi, wanda ya haifar da microclimate mai kyau don ci gaban microorganisms, misali mold, wanda zai iya haifar da necrosis na huhu.

Sevastopol karkashin kasa

Karkashin kasa birni suka fara samar da daɗewa kafin ya yi sha'awar a cikin soja. Sun nuna sha'awar shi ne kawai a cikin 30s na karni na XX. Bugu da ƙari, an yi amfani da haɗin gine-ginen wuri a matsayin dakin sayar da abinci da ammonium.

Lokacin da aka yi barazanar makaman nukiliya, gwamnati ta yi la'akari da babban aikin da aka samu. Duk da haka ba a dawo dasu daga yakin duniya na biyu ba, kasar ta fara shirya wani sabon yaki. A cewar shirin I.V. Stalin, kowane gine-gine a kan surface ya kasance yana da sau biyu a ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Kuma a yayin yakin basasa, mutane za su sauko daga wasu mitocin mita kadan kuma su ci gaba da rayuwa da kuma aiki kamar yadda aka saba.

Wannan shirin ya kasance da wuyar gaske, kuma a shekarar 1953 ba a gina Sevastopol ba ko rabi. A wannan lokaci, Khrushchev ya zo da iko kuma ya jefa dukkanin dakarun da albarkatun kan ci gaba da makamai masu linzami da kuma samar da makamashin nukiliya. A sakamakon haka, aikin da ke karkashin kasa yana da daskarewa kuma bai sake dawowa ba.

Akwai 'yan dakuna kaɗan kawai da suka dace a matsayin mafaka kuma an yi aiki. An sani kadan game da sauran sassa. Musamman ma asirce sun ɓace, kamar dai ba su kasance ba: ana shigar da shigarwa, an kuma zana hotunan. Sauran dakuna suna watsi kawai.

An dauka cewa duk wuraren za su haɗu da juna, amma tun da ba a kammala garin ba, mutane da yawa sun kasance masu zaman kansu.

Makaman makaman nukiliya

An gina wuraren nukiliya a cikin Crimea a tsakiyar karni na XX a cikin kyan gani kuma bisa ga sababbin fasaha. An gina asusun makaman nukiliya a 1955 kusa da Krasnokamenka. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin manyan wuraren ajiyar makaman nukiliya. Ba a zaba wannan wurin ba da zarafi: kwarin, wanda ke boye daga idanuwan dutse ta wurin dutsen dutse. Wurin ajiya yana da rami fiye da kilomita biyu, an kaddara shi a cikin kiziltash mountain. Bisa ga lissafi na kwararru, ammonium zai kasance da tabbacin har ma tare da fashewar makaman nukiliya.

An tattara fashewar bom farko a cikin wannan ajiya tare da hannu, ba tare da kariya ga ma'aikata ba, sai dai barasa.

An kiyaye cikakken asiri. Abun 76 ne kawai za'a iya isa ta hanyar wucewa na musamman. A duk inda akwai alamun gargadi, kuma yanayin da ke cikin fili ya kewaye ta ta waya. Amma, a daya hannun, ana iya samun sunan Krasnokamenka akan taswirar, kuma a cikin fasfo na mazauna mazauna za a iya lissafa "Feodosiya-13".

A cikin shekara ta 94, bayan sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar da Amurka da Ukraine, Rasha ta kai dukan abinda ke ciki zuwa ga ƙasa.

Balaclava ("Object 825")

Har zuwa shekarar 1957 gari ne, kuma a yanzu - ɓangare na Sevastopol. Bayan ƙarshen Warrior Patriotic wannan abu bai kasance a cikin taswira ba. A wurinsa shi ne tushen rufaffiyar magungunan ruwa, arsenal na makaman nukiliya. Ta kasance a cikin wani wuri mai ban tsoro, wanda shine adit kuma yana iya yin tsayayya da aikin nukiliya. Don kulla makirci, an kira makaman ginin gyara da fasaha.

Ba wai kawai tanadi ne na kayan nukiliya ba, sai dai gandun daji don gyaran jirgin ruwa.

Ginin wannan tushe ya ɗauki shekaru hudu kawai: daga 1957 zuwa 1961. A cikin tashar wannan tashar jiragen ruwa akwai jiragen ruwa guda bakwai na diesel a yanzu, kuma mutane dubu da yawa zasu iya zamawa idan sun cancanta.

Yanzu "Object 825" yana buɗewa ga dukan masu haɗaka kuma ya juya zuwa gidan kayan gargajiya na jiragen ruwa da jiragen ruwa.

«Object 100»

Tsakanin Cape Aya da Balaklava ya asiri bakin teku mai linzami tsarin. Daga farkon shekarun 1950 da kuma kafin aukawar Soviet Union, shi ne wanda ke sarrafa dukkan yankunan Bahar Black Sea.

Cibiyar da ke karkashin kasa ta kasance cikakke ne a kan yanayin aikin soja na tsawon lokaci kuma yana da kwarangwal mai karewa daga makaman nukiliya.

An gudanar da ginin daga 1954 zuwa 1957. Batun bindigogi na ƙwayar makami mai mahimmanci ya rusa kowane manufa cikin radius na mita 100. Yayin da aka gina shi ake nufi da makiya za su kai hari daga Turkiyya. Yayin da hadarin ke ci gaba da yaki da makiya, umurnin Black Sea Fleet zai iya tattarawa da kuma tura sojojinta.

A wannan lokacin Sotka ya sanye da fasaha mafi zamani. A shekara ta 1964 da 1982, an sake gina magunguna da sababbin makamai masu linzami.

A shekara ta 1996 an tura Sotka zuwa Ukraine, da kuma wasu wurare da dama a cikin Crimea. Gwamnatinsa ta kare. Da farko an kare abu, amma daga shekara ta 2005 ba wanda ya ragu, kuma dukkanin ƙwayar ya rushe don raguwa.

Tashar jiragen sama na nukiliya

Polygon No. 71, ko filin jirgin sama na Bagerovo, wani abu ne wanda kowane nau'in jirgin sama zai iya amfani dasu. Har ila yau, hanya ne ta hanyoyi don filin jirgin sama Buran, wanda har yanzu yana da kyau.

Babban ayyukan da ke cikin kewayon boma-bamai ne daga 'yan tawaye a cikin tsarin mulkin nukiliya na nukiliya, "gwajin nukiliya" na boma-bamai tare da mayakan. An binne asarar da aka lalata a cikin steppe, tsakanin yankunan Bagerovo da Chistopol. Kabari, wanda ake kira Bageovsky, yana wanzu har ya zuwa yau, yana tattaro da jita-jita da yawa.

Jirgin iska bai da nisa da Kerch - kilomita 14. An gina ginin daga 1947 zuwa 1949.

Yanzu a ƙauyen ke zaune da mutane hudu da rabi. Yawancin su su ne tsoffin ma'aikata da 'yan uwansu.

A cikin shekarun 70 da 80, tsarin kula da iska a Bagerovo shine tushen horo ga masu haɗari na makaranta. Daga nan sai ya taka rawa wajen horarwa da sake dawowa daga matukan jirgin sama daga duk fadin USSR. Kwanan nan na ƙarshe ya bar Rasha a 1994. Tun 1996, ba a yi amfani da filin jirgin sama ba. Kuma a shekarar 1998 an raba ragar soja. Wannan polygon ya zama lalata, kamar kusan dukkanin kayan aikin nukiliya a cikin Crimea.

Range "Magana"

Located a filin jirgin saman Novofedorivka. An gina shi a cikin shekarun 80 na karni na XX don horarwa da gwaji na sababbin jiragen jiragen sama da kuma masu horar da horarwa kafin sauka da kaiwa jirgin saman jirgi.

Zangon yana ci gaba da hawa mai hawa uku tare da dukkan na'urorin da suka dace kamar mai tushe, cibiyar sadarwa da sauran abubuwa. Kuma ainihin simulators suna boye.

Kungiyar makamashin nukiliya a Sevastopol

Ma'aikatar nukiliya ta Crimea ta wakilta ne kawai ta hanyar daya daga cikin abubuwa, wanda yake a kan yankin Sevastopol State of Energy Nuclear Energy and Industry. Ya tsaya a 2014 saboda annexation na Crimea zuwa Rasha. Don amfani da na'urar horar da horo, ana buƙatar lasisi, wanda jami'a ke da ita a ƙasar Ukraine, kuma ba a karɓa ba don aiki a Rasha. Sabili da haka, a wannan lokacin na'urar ba ta aiki ba. An gina gine-gine kuma an yi aiki a 1967.