Cementation karfe - da tsari da kuma ta description. Carburizing karfe a gida

Kanta carburizing karfe ne mai tsari wanda dogara ne a kan da sinadaran-thermal aiki. Its ainihi kunshi a aiwatar da jikewa na yadawa surface na ce abu Yã isa zama adadin carbon lokacin tsanani da wani yanayi.

Carburizing karfe. Manufar wannan mataki

Manufar wannan tsari shi ne za su gudanar da enrichment na saman Layer na na'ura sassa da abubuwa dole adadin carbon, da yawan wanda zai iya a wannan yanayin zama 0.8-1.1%. A sakamakon irin wannan aiki da aka samu bayan quenching na babban matakin taurin littattafai, yayin da ta roba core aka kiyaye. Wannan muhimmanci dukiya daga cikin tsari.

jinsunan

Bisa ga digiri na ƙarfin da zuciyar ilimi ne zuwa kashi uku main kungiyoyin na sarrafa kayan:

• Tare da neuprochnyaemoy core. A wannan kungiya sun hada da irin brands cemented Steels carbon, kamar yadda 10, 15, 20. Yi amfani da su a cikin daki-daki tare da kananan size da kuma malootvetstvennymi ayyuka. A nan, da cemented Layer a dauke da fitar hardening austenite canji a cikin wani ferritic-pearlitic cakuda.
• Tare da zuciyar, baiwa, mai rauni. The kungiyar hada chromium low gami karfe brands kamar 15X, 20X. Akwai rike da ƙarin doping da kananan tarawa na vanadium samar da wani finer hatsi, wanda results a cikin ingantattun ductility da tauri daga cikin kayan.
• Tare da sosai hardenable core. Steels na wannan kungiya suna amfani a yi daga sassa, wanda da manyan giciye sashe ko wani hadadden sanyi, kuma ma fuskanci gagarumin tasiri ko tura lodi da ake gittar da babba danniya canji. Sun kawo gudanarwa ta nickel (12Kh2N4A, 12HNZA, 20HN). Saboda nakasa daga abu ne wani lokacin da za'ayi ta maye da manganese, amfani da kananan shigar da adadin vanadium ko titanium za a murƙushe hatsi.

M carburizing ake amfani da su samar da wata high kashi na surface taurin sassa, kazalika da cimma high karko, wanda aka halitta da ake ji zafi magani bayan da aka gudanar da tsari.

Mene ne cikakken bayani game da wannan ma'amala ne batun

Carburizing karfe da ake amfani da wadannan kayayyakin:

- giya .

- "yatsunsu".

- shafts.

- gatura.

- yin amfani;

- "tsutsotsi".

- hali sassa (ƙato zobba da kuma shirye-shiryen bidiyo), da sauransu.

Hanyar for carburizing

Idan akwai dama iri wannan abu, kowane daga cikinsu na da dabara na wannan tsari za a amfani. Kullum, cemented karfe iya samar a karkashin yanayi daban-daban da kuma halin wurare, kazalika da m zafin jiki na 850 to 950 digiri Celsius. Saboda haka, raba hanyoyin da dama na mataki:

1. Tsari carburizing gudana a cikin m carburizer. A wannan yanayin, yana yiwuwa ya yi amfani da kwayoyin kayan (dabba kasũsuwa, ashe, da itace, da dai sauransu) da kuma inorganic (coke) a tare da daban-daban activators. Enrichment na carbon za su faru a lokacin da sinadaran dauki of hadawan abu da iskar shaka. A amfani da activators a cikin wannan yanayin na taimaka wa mafi alheri, kuma sauri dauki. Wannan hanya ne musamman da amfani ga cimma mafi girma carburizing zurfin. Yana da tasiri a cikin yi da karfe kayayyakin naúrar kayayyakin. Duk da haka, wannan tsari ne sosai a lokacin cinyewa, shi entails mai girma kashe kudi da makamashi, da lokaci da makamashi.

2. A aiwatar da abin da ke faruwa carburizing ƙarƙashin rinjayar gas. Wannan hanya ne na kowa don amfani don inganta gas (na halitta, akwati, da dai sauransu). Ko category na inert (nitrogen). All ya dogara da mutum. Bayan carburising karfe-tushen iskar gas da aka generated da wani karamin yawan aliphatic cikakken hydrocarbons, propane ko alkanes. Mafi sau da yawa, wannan hanya da ake amfani a manyan-sikelin samar, amma shi ne mai tsadar gaske a cikin sharuddan kudi. A irin wannan hanyar da ake amfani da thermal samar. A zafi tanda, rotortnuyu gudanar garwayayye kwayoyin high kwayoyin mahadi (msl, turpentine, ethyl barasa, da dai sauransu), wanda, bi da bi, su sami damar durkushe a ƙarƙashin rinjayar catalysts (nickel).

3. A tsari ruwa carburization. Ana amfani da a cikin cyanide da bestsianidnyh baho. Kowace daga cikin wadannan wurare shi ne halin da halaye, amfani ko rashin amfani. Alal misali, cyanide baho suna ba classified a matsayin m. Suna kullum classified a matsayin hatsari ga muhalli kafofin watsa labarai da ba kawai da yanayi amma kuma ga mutane. Saboda haka, a lokacin da yin amfani da irin wannan abu ya kamata ka yi kokarin bin duk wajabta aminci matakan kauce wa ya fi karfinsu sakamakon. Amma da hanyar dogara ne a kan bestsianidnoy wanka ba da shawarar a yi amfani saboda da cewa shi take kaiwa zuwa komowar samu na yanayi da kuma mu'amala mai lalacewa. Wadannan hanyoyin idan suna amfani da a yi, shi ne kawai kawai ga m zurfin carburizing.

Heat lura da cemented kayayyakin

Wannan tsari ne ma quite muhimmanci aiki bayani. Bayan duk, ko da bayan karfafa da samfurin ba shi da wani babban kaso na karko da kuma aminci. Saboda haka, karshe mataki a cikin wannan hali shi ne aikin da hardening da kuma tempering. Quenching tsari yana da yawan siffofin da dukiyoyinsu. Dukan ayyukan da ake faruwa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar cementation hatsi girma, da kuma ta kõma a kan giciye sashe ne da ba uniform da aka cinye unevenly. Saboda haka, gano quenching dama, saukarwa, kowanne daga abin da yakan faru a cikin wasu zazzabi yanayi.

ƙarshe

Bayan karanta a sama, za mu iya ce cewa kungiyar na da wannan tsari a lokacin yi da karfe kayayyakin da matukar muhimmanci. Wannan mataki muhimmanci karfafa surface Layer part. Lokacin da mallakan takamaiman basira a cikin wannan yankin da kuma dole kayan da kayan aiki za a iya za'ayi carburizing karfe a cikin gida.