Theocracy, da clerical jihar: description, rarrabuwa da kuma halaye

Ma'anar kalmar "theocracy" a Girkanci za a iya fassara wajen kamar yadda "bogovlastie". Wannan nau'i na gwamnati ne da gaskiya da dauki daya daga cikin tsofaffin rubuce tarihin 'yan adam. Duk da haka, kwanan nan archaeological tono bayar da shawarar cewa shi aka kafa tun kafin ma mutãne ya samu cikin dabaran, da haruffa da kuma manufar lambobi. A kudu maso gabashin Turkiyya gano tsoho archaeological gidaje na preliterate al'adu, wanda, duk da haka, riga yana da addini daba da kuma al'umma na firistocin da suke hidima da shi.

Irin wannan ƙauyuka suna warwatse ko'ina Eastern Anatoliya. The most of su - shi Çatalhöyük da Gebekli Tepe. Babbansu wadannan, fiye da 12,000 da shekaru. Wannan ya yiwuwa abu na farko da wani clerical waɗanda Allah ya bayyana a cikin abin da addini pervaded duk duniyoyin na mutum rayuwar yau da kullum.

Modern clerical jihar

Tun da wannan tsari ne mafi tsufa na data kasance, da kuma misalan Jihar shirya waɗanda Allah ya manufa a cikin tarihin dan Adam zai iya samun mai yawa.

Duk da haka, don farawa ne domin ayyana da sharuddan. Da farko wajibi ne a rarrabe clerical ikon da waɗanda Allah iko. An yi imani da cewa wadanda mutane clerical jihar ne waɗanda a cikin abin da layi daya Tsarin daga cikin wadanda mutane jiha ko a kan su ne sunadaran ta hanyar abin da kungiyoyin addini suna iya tasiri siyasa, tattalin arziki da kuma dokar. Wani misali na irin wannan jiha a cikin zamani na siyasa taswirar duniya na iya zama da Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran - da clerical jihar, wanda ya bayyana a shekarar 1978 a sakamakon juyin juya halin Musulunci.

Yau, a cikin clerical jihohi sun hada da yawancin kasashen musulmai. Modern clerical jihar, misalai na wanda za a iya samu a gabas ta tsakiya, sau da yawa babu makawa Bears bugu na danniya. Wadannan gwamnatocin yarda da wadannan kasashe:

• United Arab Emirates.
• Kuwait.
• Qatar.
• Jordan mulkin.

Jamhuriyar Musulunci a duniya map

Hudu zamani jihohin da kalmar "musulunci" a da hukuma sunan. Duk da cewa wasu daga cikinsu, kamar Pakistan, dauke a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin kasar da maki daga secularism, a gaskiya, suna sarrafawa da addini kungiyoyin da sãɓãwar launukansa digiri na tasiri.

A nan clerical jihar, da jerin wanda ya hada da kasashe hudu:

• Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Afghanistan.
• Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran.
• Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Pakistan.
• Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Mauritania.

A gaskiya, kadai al'amari na manufa da cewa haɗa kan bangaskiya duk wadannan kasashe ne su doka tsarin, tushe na wanda ya ta'allaka ne da Sharia - mai sa na dokokin kafa imani da kuma iko hali na Musulmi.

Iran Revolutionary Guards

Daga cikin dukkan jamhuriyar musulunci a Iran da shi da aka za'ayi mafi m Addinin Musulunci dukkan duniyoyin da rayuwar al'umma da kuma al'umma da aka kafa duka iko a kan kiyaye Shari'a duk 'yan ƙasa.

Domin a karfafa ikon da shugabannin addini da kuma gabatar da ra'ayoyin Musulunci wajen kasar da kuma a cikin tsarin Jamhuriyar Musulunci, musamman kwantar da tarzoma kungiyar da aka halitta, da ake kira juyin juya halin Musulunci Guard Corps.

Tun da addinin musulunci a kasar ne tartsatsi, da kuma tasirin da kungiyar ta girma wuce yarda. A kan lokaci, high-ranking shugabannin Guards Corps fara sarrafa most Enterprises daga cikin kasar, tare da wakilan Musulunci da limaman.

A lokaci guda, Iran ne mai classic clerical jihar, domin ban da addini kotuna, akwai har yanzu ƙa'ida a wadanda mutane gwamnatin kasar da shugaban zabe da mutane. Duk da haka, shugaban na jihar da aka har yanzu dauke da Ayatullah - ruhaniya shugaban da gwani a addini dokar, jarin da ikon yin yanke shawara daidai da shari'ar Musulunci. Kwararru akwai hasashe cewa, a 'yan shekarun nan tsakanin biyu jihar shugabannin ne ƙara rikice-rikice faruwa, wanda ayan ba su sa jama'a.

Nuna Bambanci a-Pakistan

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, Pakistan ne a hukumance a wadanda mutane a jihar, duk da abin da ake kira da jamhuriyar musulunci. Jagoran gudanar a kasar, abin da ba ya da addini da ilmi, da kuma mafi sau da yawa shi ya faru a duk soja.

Wannan, duk da haka, bai hana su rarrabe a sauran addinai a kasar. A cikin doka matakin, hananne ne a kan zaben na shugaban kasa na wanda ba Musulmi ba kasar.

All zartarwa ikon a Pakistan ne a cikin hannun gwamnati da kuma shugaban kasa, amma shari'a da 'yan majalisu a zahiri shine mai tsanani iyakance ta Tarayya Shariat kotun - wani ma'aikata da cewa hulda da iko a kan kiyaye Jihar shari'ar musulunci. Saboda haka, duk wata doka sanya ta majalisar, za a iya hõre jarrabawa Musulunci Kotun kuma suka ƙaryata, a cikin taron na rikici da shari'ar Musulunci.

Ba kamar Iran, Pakistan da aka ba da za'ayi a total Addinin Musulunci, da kuma matasa, duk da wani gagarumin yawan addini vestiges, yana da damar yin amfani da Western al'adu.

Sad sakamakon Kanmu a cikin eighties yunkurin kafa duniya mamayar addini norms ya zama wani musamman low yawan mutane da sakandare ilimi. Wannan shi ne musamman m da mace, yawan, wanda ya gargajiyance, an hõre tsanani nuna bambanci ba.

Vatican: wani waɗanda Allah clerical jihar

Zai yiwu mafi daukan hankali misali na jihar da ikon da wadanda mutane da kuma ruhaniya kasance a cikin wannan mutum wanda shi ne Holy See. Saboda ta musamman da suka bambanta shi ya cancanci musamman shawara.

Sananne ne cewa Paparoma ne Primate na dukan Roman Katolika. Bugu da kari, ya kaiwa da Vatican City State, wanda aiki a madadin na nada gwamnan, ko da yaushe zaba daga cikin Kadina zaune a cikin Roman Curia.

A Paparoma ne monarch wanda conclave mambobi zabi rayuwa. Duk da haka, akwai lokacin da ya tsaya ya iko da yardar - don haka a 2013 ya shiga Benedict XVl, zama na biyu na shekara ɗari shida, da shugaban Kirista, da yardar barranta iko.

Bisa ga koyarwar da cocin Katolika, da Paparoma a lokacin mulkinsa shi ne ma'asumi, kuma duk yanke shawara riƙi da su - gaskiya da kuma dauri. Wannan, duk da haka, ba ya ware da wanzuwar ciki coci rikici da kuma ba ya rage rawar da gwamnati, da ake kira Roman Curia.

Saudi Arabia: theocracy ko mulkin kama karya

A mafi wuya a kayyade da irin jirgin ga lauyoyi ne misali na Saudi Arabia. Kamar yadda a wasu kasashe tare da wani Musulunci rinjaye, a Arabia, shi aiki shari'ar musulunci, wanda ya takaita ikon sarki, cewa a zahiri ya bada ikon da monarch, dangane da Allah ya kafa.

Rikitaccen, duk da haka, shi ne abin da sarki ya ba addinin shugaban, kodayake dole nasa ne da zuriyar Annabi Muhammadu. Wannan karfafa masu bincike yi imani da cewa Saudi Arabia ne clerical jihar, inda addini norms a sabis na mulki daular.

Sakacin kin amincewa da ra'ayin theocracy

Mutane da yawa masu bincike suka sauri zuwa ce cewa duniya ta zama wani wadanda mutane, cewa yan-adam da mulkin demokra] iyya ne a duniya, kuma babu makawa, kuma ci gaba da aka ci gaba da tafiya, kuma ba abin da zai hana shi. Duk da haka, mafi kuma mafi girma radicalization tsakanin wasu segments na yawan nuna cewa irin wannan fatan kasance wanda bai kai ba. A yau duniya a wadanda mutane, clerical, waɗanda Allah ya bayyana ne daidai da a bukatar ta biyu 'yan kasar da siyasa tsoma bakin.