Behaviorism a Psychology: your hali iya ce game da ku

Cikin dukanin tsawon zama na tunani a matsayin kimiyya, ta magana sun daban-daban matakai da sunadaran. A wannan batun, mun haskaka da manyan yankunan da tunani: behaviorism, psychoanalysis da bil'adama shugabanci. The mafi ban sha'awa m alama behaviorism, shafe externally observable hali a matsayin batu na tunani. Behaviorism - shi ne shugabanci a Psychology, kada la'akari da ciki matakai cewa ba su da samuwa ga wani waje kallo. Saboda haka, tunani da ake zama taba more kusa da kimiyyar yanayin halitta, a cikin abin da abu na binciken ne samuwa ba kawai don ta bãyar. Jigon da zuciyar dan Adam, duk da Sanadin wasu ayyukan mutum bincike zai iya kacokan daga cikin lura mamaki. Behaviourism a Psychology ƙaryata nauyin wani ciki matakai wanda ba batun kallo, misali, sani, ji, majiyai, da dai sauransu

A tarihin na halayya tsarin kula da ilimin halin dan Adam

Ko da yake ba za mu iya daidai a kira shekarar da ya faru na behaviorism matsayin shugabanci (wannan ba wani daya-lokaci aukuwa), hukumance Psychology a matsayin kimiyya da hali ya samo asali, a 1913. Da kafa uba na halayya nufi dauke Dzhon Uotson, suka ƙaryata game da muhimmancin na sani a Psychology. Kawai externally observable hali alamu shelar gagarumin a cikin binciken na mutum psyche. Kafin Watson wasanni a taron na American M Association behaviorist ideas, kamar yadda suka faɗa, a cikin iska. The bincike kawai ba su talla da kuma gabatar da bincike a kan batun. Behaviorism a Psychology nuna general neman sauyi halin da ake ciki a cikin al'umma na lokacin. A general ideas cewa tunanin mutum ne Na'urar da reflex ne Rene Descartes, wanda a cikin 17th karni, tsara rukunan reflex. A Rasha, da wakilan behaviorism hada Pavlov (tare da nazari na matukar da kuma mika wuyansu da numfashinsa a dabbobi) da kuma B. spondylitis (reflexology).

Jigon da m

Babban sharuddan da wannan m ne "mai kara kuzari" da "mayar da martani". A gaskiya ma, tare da taimakon su, da bayyana duk mutum hali. Gargajiya kewaye hali: kara kuzari sa a dauki. Idan muka sani wanda samuwar kasashe sa wasu dauki ko wasu mutum, za mu iya, wajen magana, to sarrafa da kuma shiryar da da hali na mutum a kan hanya. Akwai sauran key Concepts, wanda aiki behaviorism. A halin tunani kuma yi amfani da "ƙarfafawa" da "fenariti", da wanda ya shiryu ne da hali. Kuma ƙarfafawa da azãba iya zama tabbatacce kuma korau. Idan muna son mu yi m da ake so hali, amfani tabbatacce ko korau ihisani. Idan kana so ka halakar da wata sarkar na "kara kuzari-martani", amfani da azãba.

ƙarshe

Don kwanan wata, behaviorism a Psychology taka muhimmiyar rawa, misali, a cikin shiri na ilimi tsari ko a dauke da fitar daban-daban iri iri na gajere psychotherapy. Hakika, akwai gazawa irin wannan dabarar na, wasu daga cikin da'a matsaloli. Irreducibility hadaddun mutum psyche zuwa wani daya tsari ko inji sa masana kimiyya suna ƙara juya zuwa hade da hanyoyin daban-daban da kuma hanyoyin.