Neuroprotective kwayoyi - abin da yake da shi? Nootropics. Shirye-shirye nootropic mataki

Nootropics - Menene wannan magani? Amsar wata tambaya ka samu daga labarin biyayya. Bugu da kari, za ka koyi da tarihin na asalin, ka'idodinta aiki, Properties, alamomi da kuma effects a kan aikace-aikacen.

Overview

Neuroprotective kwayoyi - abin da yake da shi? Wadannan kwayoyi inganta kwakwalwa aiki, zamu juya jiki da kuma tsawanta rayuwa. Yana neyrometabolicheskie stimulants da cewa suna da wani sakamako a kan Kunna koyo. Bugu da kari, su muhimmanci inganta shafi tunanin mutum da yi da kuma ƙwaƙwalwar. Kalmar "nootropic" aka yi sama da biyu Greek kalmomi νους da τροπή, wanda ke nufin "hankali" da kuma "canji", bi da bi.

description

nootropic mataki na kwayoyi ba su da wani aji a cikin rarrabuwa na likita kwayoyi. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa suka kasance a hade tare da stimulants da aka bi da pharmacotherapeutic kungiyar da wadannan code Ath: N06VH.

A tarihin abin da ya faru

A shekara ta 1963, Belgium pharmacologists kuma S. V. Skondia Giurgea hada farko miyagun ƙwayoyi daga wani rukuni wakilta - "Pyracetam". Yau ne nootropic miyagun ƙwayoyi da aka sani ga mafi yawan marasa lafiya a matsayin "Nootropil". Kamar psychostimulant a cikin tsakiyar karni na 20th, shi inganta shafi tunanin mutum da damar mutumin da haka yana da wani illa.

A shekara ta 1972, daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa medicament an samarwa da Kalmar "nootropic" don nuna a fakaice wani rukuni na kwayoyi da inganta ilimi memory, koyo da kuma hankali, kazalika da shafi cikin m transcallosal mallaka antihypoxic aiki da kuma ba exert illa a jiki.

Ya bambanta da aka sani psychostimulants da nootropics ta da jijiya Kwayoyin, wanda kara kaiwa zuwa wani karuwa a cikin aiki, wanda shi ne gwada yawa maimakon ingantaccen. Ya kamata a lura da cewa mataki na mafi yawan wadannan kwayoyi ba su bayyana bayan na farko da kashi kuma dogon lokacin da magani.

latest nootropics

A halin yanzu, fiye da 10 na asali hada nootropics pyrrolidine jerin, abin da suke a lokaci 3 gwajinsu, ko an rajista a wasu kasashe. Daga cikin irin kwayoyi za a iya gano "oxiracetam", "nefiracetam", "Etiratsetam", "Aniracetam", "Rolziratsetam", "Izatsetam", "pramiracetam", "Tsebratsetam", "Dupratsetam", "Detiratsetam" et al. Gabatar magunguna da kowa sunan "racetam".

Baya daga dukan sauran mutane, da kuma hada wasu iyali nootropics ciki har da GABAergic, cholinergic, glutamatergic da peptidergic tsarin. Ya kamata kuma a lura da cewa nootropic aiki sashi ne ba a cikin sauran medicaments wanda da daban-daban sinadaran asalin.

manufa na aiki

Nootropics - abin da irin kwayoyi, da kuma abin da suka suna nada? Dalili na warkewa mataki na irin magunguna ta'allaka da dama sunadaran:

• kunna roba matakai a tsakiya m tsarin saboda ya karu da furotin da kuma RNA kira.
• inganta samar da makamashi Jihar neurons, wanda aka nuna don bunkasa ATP kira kazalika antihypoxic da antioxidant effects.
• inganta glucose yin amfani;
• karfafa tafiyar matakai na synaptic watsa a tsakiya m tsarin.
• membrane tabbatar da dorewar effects.

Features kwayoyi

Babban sunadaran da irin wannan kwayoyi dauke su kai tsaye effects a kan tafiyar matakai na rayuwa da kuma bioenergetics a jijiya Kwayoyin, kazalika da hulda da tsarin na kwakwalwa (musamman neurotransmitter).

An dade da tabbatar da cewa nootropics ne iya kunna adenylate cyclase da kuma kara ta maida hankali a neuron. Bugu da kari, dagagge matakan cyclic HAU take kaiwa ta wani canji a cikin juyi na kwayuka Ca2 + ions da kuma K + zuwa m saki na neurotransmitter azanci shine neuron.

Ya kamata kuma a lura da cewa kunna adenylate cyclase ne iya rike da zaman lafiyar na ATP samarwa a Kwayoyin ba tare da oxygen, da kuma a karkashin yanayi na hypoxia fassara kwakwalwa metabolism a adana yanayin.

Neuroprotective kwayoyi ga tsofaffi da yara suke da muhimmanci ga bunkasa su kerawa da kuma ilimi ci gaba da bata lokaci dawo. Masana'antun na irin promoters da'awar cewa su magunguna inganta metabolism na nucleic acid, kunna gina jiki kira na ATP da RNA suna da kyau shiga cikin BBB amma kuma kara da kudi na glucose yin amfani.

Properties nootoropov

A sakamakon wata yawan nootropic kwayoyi wani lokacin ake yi sulhu tsakani ta hanyar kwakwalwa neurotransmitter tsarin (cholinergic, monoaminergic, glutamatergic).

A cewar masana'antun, nootropics iya sa wasu irin effects, ciki har da:

• antioxidant.
• membrane tabbatar da dorewar.
• neuroprotection.
• anti-hypoxic.

Sauran yiwu kwayoyi

Nootropics bayar da shawarar yin amfani da wani hadadden. Saboda kawai don haka inganta bioelectrical aiki da integrative aiki na kwakwalwa, da bayyana kanta a matsayin halayyar juna na electrophysiological canje-canje (alama karuwa a matakin na wakefulness, kazalika da rinjaye ganiya, m nassi na bayanai tsakanin hemispheres na kwakwalwa, kayan haɓɓaka aiki na dangi da kuma cikakken EEG bakan ikon hippocampus da bawo).

By inganta cortico-subcortical iko, kyautata na bayanai musayar a cikin kwakwalwa, mai kyau tasiri a kan haifuwa da kuma samuwar žwažwalwar alama, za mu iya amince ce cewa wadannan kwayoyi kai ga ya karu koyo ikon, inganta ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, tunani, da hankali, ji, da kuma kunnawa da ilimi ayyuka .

A gaskiya, da yawa masana'antun da'awar cewa wadannan kayan aikin iya muhimmanci inganta da kuma hanzarta da fahimi (ko fahimi) aiki. Duk da haka, wadannan zarge-zarge ba a tabbatar da kimiyya.

effects

Bisa ga masana'antun, nootropic kwayoyi da a kan mutum tasirin da wadannan:

1. Mnemotropnoe (shafi koyo da kuma memory).
2. Nootropic (shafi matakin da m damar da farillai, kazalika da tashin hankali da cortical aiki, inganta cortical iko da subcortical aiki, da hankali, tunani da kuma magana).
3. Adaptogenic (shafi juna da ragowa zuwa daban-daban dalilai, ciki har da kwayoyi, ƙara da overall juriya da kwayoyin zuwa matsananci dalilai).
4. Kara da tsabta farkawarka, farkakku (tasiri a kan Jihar sani na zalunta da kuma dushe).
5. Psychostimulant (shafi shafi tunanin mutum inertia, hypobulia talauci dalilinsa, apathy, aspontannost da psychomotor retardation).
6. Antiasthenic (sakamako a kan ci, lethargy, wani rauni, mamaki na jiki da hankali da gajiya).
7. Kwantad da hankali (rage irritability kuma wani tunanin excitability).
8. Antidepressant.
9. Antikineticheskoe.
10. Vegetative (shafi dizziness, ciwon kai da kuma tserebrastenicheskom ciwo).
11. Antiepileptic (paroxysmal tasiri kãmun aiki).
12. Antiparkinsonian.
13. Energy.
14. Somatotropinostimuliruyuschee (girma hormone saki ya auku).
15. Hypoglycemic (rage taro na glucose a cikin jini jini).
16. Lipolytic (a karkashin glucose da ya rage mata yarda makamashi a cikin hanyar m acid).
17. Antitoxic (excrete sharar kayayyakin da neutralize daban-daban abubuwa masu cutarwa).
18. Anabolic.
19. Immunostimulant.

Yana da tasiri ga bugun jini rigakafin nootropic kwayoyi?

Abin da irin kwayoyi, mun gane. Amma wannan kiwata wani sabon tambaya game da yadda za su ne tasiri a cikin magani da kuma rigakafin bugun jini. Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan harakar ne ake tambayar. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa da amfani da nootropics da irin munanan aka ba a tabbatar da shaida-tushen magani.

asibiti aikace-aikace

Kafin mu bayyana abin da kudi ana amfani da hukuma magani, ya kamata a lura da cewa nootropic kwayoyi ba tare da prescriptions likitoci ba su wadãtu a Pharmacy. Wannan bayani da cewa sun kasance a cikin wannan pharmaceutical kungiyar a matsayin karfi stimulants.

Asalinsu gabatar da magunguna amfani da su bi cuta na kwakwalwa aiki a mazan mutane da kwayoyin kwakwalwa ciwo. Ko da yake a baya 'yan shekaru (yawanci a kasashe masu tasowa) sun zama quite yadu amfani a fannoni daban daban na magani, ciki har da tiyata, ilimin aikin likita na yara, ilimin halin tababbu, ilimin tsarin jijiyoyi, Addiction, kazalika da obstetric da geriatric yi.

Saboda haka, nootropics aka yi amfani da likitoci a:

• kullum cerebrovascular insufficiency.
• maye.
• neurosis da neurotic cuta.
• Gigin-tsufa na daban-daban asalin (na tsufa, jijiyoyin bugun gini da kuma Alzheimer ta cutar).
• psihorganicheskom ciwo.
• traumatic kwakwalwa rauni.
• vegetative-jijiyoyin bugun gini dystonia.
• cerebral Sistem sakulasan cuta.
• ilimi-shafi tunanin mutum da cuta (sosai taro, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da kuma tunani).
• kullum shan barasa (psychoorganic ciwo, encephalopathy, janyewar).
• depressive, asthenic-depressive da asthenic ciwo.
• CNS.
• don inganta shafi tunanin mutum aiki.

Alamomi ga yara

A kasashe masu tasowa, bayar da kudi ne musamman na kowa a cikin ilimin aikin likita na yara. Saboda haka, yara nootropic kwayoyi wajabta:

• shafi tunanin mutum retardation.
• jinkirta jawabin da hankulansu ci gaban;
• cerebral palsy.
• effects na perinatal CNS raunuka.
• hankali gaira.

Sauran alamomi ga yin amfani da

Mafi neuroprotective kwayoyi - wannan shi ne da miyagun ƙwayoyi da cewa yana da wani pronounced warkewa sakamako da kuma shi ba ya shafar barnatar a kan jikin mutum. Ya kamata a lura da cewa irin wannan magunguna a wani lokaci ana amfani da:

• stuttering ( "Pantogam", "Phenibutum");
• gyara neuroleptic ciwo ( "hopantenic acid", "Pyritinol", "deanol atseglumat", "Pantogam");
• hyperkinesis ( "hopantenic acid", "Phenibutum", "Memantine");
• dysuria ( "Pantogam", "nicotinoyl-Gaba");
• barci cuta ( "Phenibut", "Alli gamma-hydroxybutyrate," "Glycine");
• migraine ( "Pyritinol", "nicotinoyl-Gaba", "Semaks");
• dizziness ( "Ginkgo biloba", "Phenibutum", "Pyracetam");
• don rigakafin tashin zuciya ( "Gaba", "Phenibut").

Af, a ophthalmic yi, irin kudi ana amfani da a matsayin wani ɓangare na hade far ga bude-kwana glaucoma, jijiyoyin bugun gini cututtuka na akan tantanin ido da kuma macula ( "nicotinoyl-Gaba"), kazalika da shekaru da alaka da macular degeneration da m retinopathy ( "Ginkgo biloba").

halitta nootropics

Bugu da kari ga magunguna, ga warkewa sakamako ne sau da yawa aiki na halitta abu tare da kama Properties. Hakika, na halitta nootropics ba kamar yadda tasiri a matsayin pharmacological jamiái, amma bayan 'yan makonni da amfani, marasa lafiya har yanzu fara lura da wani ci gaba a fahimi aiki, da sauransu.