Battle of Leipzig (1813)

Battle of Leipzig - daya daga cikin manyan fadace-fadace a lokacin Napoleonic Wars. Yana da ya faru a Saxony 4 - 7 Oktoba 1813 contender a cikin yaƙin sun dakarun na Napoleon ta sojojin da shida anti-Faransa hadaka.

Fage yaƙi

Rasha yaƙin neman zaɓe na Napoleon a 1812, ya ƙare ne a faduwa wanwar. Wannan ya kai ga halittar abokan adawar na sarki shida anti-Faransa hadaka. Yana da aka hada da Rasha, Ingila, Prussia, Spain, Portugal, Sweden.

A farko da manyan yaƙi ya faru tsakanin hammayarsu a Bautzen, da lashe wanda ya zo da Faransa sojojin. Sojojin shida anti-Faransa kawance nasara wajen fatattakar Napoleon a Grosberenom, Katzbach, kuma Dennewitz Kulm. A 1813, da kawayenta suka kaddamar da wani farmakin a kan Dresden da Saxony da zarar ya dauki shahara yakin Leipzig.

A halin da ake ciki a kan Hauwa'u na yaƙi

Domin fahimtar Sanadin Napoleon ta bãyar da bãya, kuma kayar da sojojinsa, ya kamata la'akari da halin da ake ciki a wanda wani yaƙi na Leipzig. 1813 ya yi nauyi isa ya Saxony. A cikin kaka na cewa ƙasa 3 inganta m sojojin: Arewa (a karkashin umurnin da Swedish Crown Prince Jean Bernadotte), Bohemia (Austria Field Marshal K. Shvartserber) g da Silesian (Prussian Janar G. Blucher). Har ila yau, ya zo yaƙi, da kuma Yaren mutanen Poland Army (Far L. Benningsen) yana dan lokaci da aka gudanar a ajiye.

Napoleon ya asali fatan ya buge cire haɗin sojojin, amma hanzari canza yanayi, da rashin lokaci da kuma kokarin tilasta masa ya yi watsi da nufi. Sarkin sarakuna na Faransa sojojin da aka sanya a gundumar Leipzig.

A abun da ke ciki da kuma ƙarfin hammayarsu

A mutum wanda ba a sani da tarihin wannan yaƙi, da tambaya na iya tashi: "Don me ba yakin Leipzig kira da yaƙi na al'ummai?". Gaskiyar cewa Napoleon ta gefe a cikin rikici da hannu Faransa, da Dogayen sanda, da Dutch, da Italiya, da Belgians da Saxons. A lokaci guda a matsayin wani ɓangare na kawance tsaro sun Austrians, Swedes, mutanen Rasha Empire, da Prussians, Bavarians.

Faransa sojojin kunshi 200,000 maza da 700 bindigogi mahaukaci ba. A Bohemian yi yaƙi game da 133 dubu sojoji, wanda ya 578 ammonium. Silezkaya sojojin kunshi 60,000 maza, da kuma ta Arewa - 58 000, wanda aka located 315 bindigogi da kuma 256, bi da bi. A Yaren mutanen Poland da sojojin suka 54 dubu sojoji da 186 ammonium.

Events a kan Oktoba 4

Battle na Duniya a 1813 kusa da Leipzig da ya fara a shafin inda sojojin da aka sa Bohemia. Ko kafin yaƙin shi ya kasu kashi uku kungiyoyin. Babban hari kan Faransa ya sa kashi na farko a karkashin umurnin M. B. Barklaya de Tolly. A lokacin m, da safe na Oktoba 4, wannan kungiyar ta kãma wani yawan garuruwa. Amma da Austrians ƙi MB Barclay de Tolly don tallafa wa da su aka tilasta koma baya.
Napoleon ta sojojin doki kungiyar soja a karkashin umurnin Murat fara nasara a yankin tare da. Wachau. Tare da Cossack rajimanti gangarawa IE Ifraimu, yana daga cikin sojojin Alexander I, Faransa sojojin da aka sa a mayar da wurin farawa matsayi.
Sauran Napoleon kaucewa hari da makiya a yankin da kuma Viderits Möckern. A dare, fadan tsaya a duk inda. Maƙiyi matsayi da karshen yakin a zahiri bai canza. A lokacin fadace-fadace hammayarsu sun rasa kimanin dubu 30. Kowa.

Sakamako na farko rana

A rana ta farko na yakin Leipzig ya ƙare a cikin wani Draw. Bangarorin biyu samu m nasara (Napoleon ta sojojin a Lidenau da Wachau, Allied - karkashin Mekerne), wanda ba zai shafi halin da ake ciki. Amma da matsayi na anti-Faransa hadin gambizar mafi saboda gaskiyar cewa sun zo da taimakon da Bennigsen da Bernadotte. Napoleon iya kawai ƙidaya a kan kananan yadi na Rhine.

Events Oktoba 5

A wannan rana da soja mataki ba a kiyaye. Kawai a cikin arewa na Blucher sojojin kama kauyuka da kuma Oytritssh Golis kuma zo kusa da Leipzig. Dare Napoleon regrouped sojojin domin ya kawo shi zuwa ga birnin. A sakamakon haka, Faransa sojojin sanya, a tsaron gida baka kusa Leipzig. Bi da bi, Napoleon ta sojojin masõya kewaye da wani rabin zoɓe na Silesian - a arewa, Arewa da kuma Yaren mutanen Poland - gabas Bohemia - kudu.

Events Oktoba 6

Battle of Leipzig aka ci gaba da safe a ranar 6 ga watan Oktoba. A wannan rana, sojojin Faransa ya dauki wani matakin tsaro, matsayi, kuma tare da asarar da muhimmanci da maki daga wata nasara counter-kai hari. The m jihar Napoleon ta sojojin busa kwatsam motsi na Saxon sojan doki Division da Württemberg a kan Allied gefe. Su cin amana ne suka kai ga depopulation na tsakiyar matsayi, amma sarki ya iya sauri jefa su ajiye da dattako da halin da ake ciki. Army hari anti-Faransa hadaka, ma, ba sosai nasara. Wannan shi ne saboda daban-daban sau da saba m a rashin aiki na ajiye raka'a.
Babban fadace-fadace a cikin wannan rana da aka gudanar a karkashin Probstgeyde, Tsukelgauzenom, Goltsgauzenom, Dozenom, Paunsdorf da Losnigom. By ƙarshen rana Faransa gudanar ya rike da matsayin a kusan duk sãshinansu da bãyayyakinsu, fãce cibiyar. Amma sun rasa kusan duk ta fama kit da Napoleon san cewa wannan halin da ake ciki zai kai ga cikakken halakar sojojin.

Events Oktoba 7

A safiyar Oktoba 7, Napoleon ta sojojin suka fara ja da baya. A masõya ba, shine su karya Faransa sojojin a kan hanyoyin da Elster, suka aika dakarun zuwa hadari Leipzig. Don yin wannan, uku ginshikan da aka halitta, wanda da sauri mayar da su cikin gari. Unguwa ya nema ba to za a fara yakin, amma anti-Faransa kawance bukaci mika wuya na Napoleon. A abincin rana da kawayenta kutsa cikin garun birnin.
Faransa umurnin da aka gangan busa up gada a kan Elster, to yanke ta sojojin ta Allied da kuma yarda da haka ba su tsira. Amma shi aka dasa a cikin iska gaba da lokaci da kuma wasu sassa aka bari a birnin. Suna da tserewa ta yin iyo. Mutane da yawa sun kashe sojojin dama a cikin ruwa. Daga cikin su ya Marshal J. Poniatowski. Daga baya a cikin rana da sojojin anti-Faransa kawance gudanar da Leipzig.

sakamakon yakin

Janar Napoleon ta asarar zambar game da 60 dubu. Sojoji, game da wannan adadin sojoji rasa anti-Faransa hadaka. Mallaka sojojin gudanar ya kauce wa total kashi fi mayar saboda gaskiyar cewa ayyuka na masõya aka ba da hadewa da kuma Turai shugabanni sau da yawa ba zai iya isa wani yarjejeniya.

Suke da muhimmanci siyasa sakamakon cewa jagoranci yakin Leipzig. Shekara 1813 ya juya ga zama quite wuya ga Napoleon. Bayan da shan kashi a yakin Leipzig aka bi da rushewar Confederation na Rhine. Bayan kwata 'yanci na Jamus soja mataki yada zuwa karkarar Faransa. A watan Maris, da kawayenta sun riƙi Paris da kuma a kasar akwai wani sabuntawa na daular mulkinsu.

A tunawa da yakin Leipzig

Battle of Leipzig (yaƙi na al'ummai), daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci a cikin tarihi na Napoleonic yaƙe-yaƙe. Haka kuma an kira a matsayin "Battle of Three sarakuna"
A ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar da wannan yaƙi a Jamus a 1814 da aka za'ayi mai girma rabo mai girma.
A 1913, wani babban abin tunawa "Monument zuwa yakin da Nations" da aka bude a Leipzig.

Ba da nisa daga gare shi ne ma ya gina St. Aleksievsky Haikalin, inda a yau binne auku sojoji. Ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin gudun hijirar ya shirya don ya hallakar da abin tunawa, kamar yadda ya aka dauke da daukakan da Jamusanci kishin kasa. Duk da haka, a kan lokaci shi ya fara a gani a matsayin wata alama ce da abota tare da Rasha da kuma hukumomi sun yanke shawarar ajiye wannan dutsen.
Har ila yau, da 100th Anniversary yaƙi commemorative tsabar (3 alamomi) da aka saki.
Yau, Leipzig aka located 'yan gidajen tarihi sadaukar da tarihi mai girma a yaƙi.