Norma bango radiation: abin da ya dogara a kan da kuma yadda shi ba ya wuce da

A zamani duniya yana amfani da mutane da yawa na halitta mamaki a cimma daraja a raga. Na yi ba togiya, da kuma radiation. Ba tare da shi da wuya ya sadar da isasshen bincike da kuma duba da mutunci na sassa. Amma wannan take kaiwa zuwa gaskiya cewa kudi na baya radiation dabam dangane da wurin zama ko aiki. Kowace rana mutane samun radiation kashi. Lokacin da shi wajibi ne ya dauki matakan rage illar a jiki?

Janar bayani game da radiation

Kafin mu yi magana game da abin da kudi na baya radiation ga mutane shi ne m, shi wajibi ne don magance ka'idar. Muhimmi duk ne ra'ayi na radioactivity. Ya kunshi a gaskiyar cewa nuclei daga wasu kwayoyin halitta muhimmi rashin zaman lafiya. Wannan yana nufin cewa su spontaneously rarrabu, kuma wannan ya haifar da ionizing radiation, watau radiation. An kafa ta nau'i nau'i na barbashi: alpha, beta, gamma da neutron. Musamman m ne gamma-radiation, wanda yana da babban iya shiga iko. X-haskoki kama da gamma haskoki, amma yana da wani karami makamashi. The most halitta tushen wannan radiation - rãnã. Amma shi ne kawai ɓangare na radiation dukkan, na abin da ya ƙunshi na kullum na baya radiation.

Aka gyara foniruyuschego radiation

Yana da aka hada da na halitta da kuma mutum-sanya abubuwa. Halitta radiation aka samar daga wadannan dalilai:

• cosmic haskoki.
• karkashin kasa da adibas na radionuclides, suna kuma irradiated da na halitta kayan gini, wanda daga baya ya gina Haikalin.
• guda rediyoaktif abubuwa, amma tarwatsa a ruwa da kuma iska.
• kazalika a kayayyakin abinci.
• potassium-40 da kuma rubidium-87, wanda a jikin mutum ne ko da yaushe ba, kuma ba zai iya rabu da su.

Halitta radioactivity ne ko da yaushe da kuma a ko'ina. Wannan ba banda amma mulki. Dabam kawai norms na baya radiation ga kowane takamaiman wuri.

Artificially kara da radiation bango na mutum aiki. Alal misali, hakar ma'adinai, incineration, aikace-aikace na phosphate takin. Ba karami taimako da dama ga gwada makaman nukiliya, nukiliya ikon shuke-shuke da kuma jirgin sama. Haka kuma, ba wanda zai iya hana tasiri riqo na wuccin kamuwa da cuta. Wannan shi ne duk wani nau'i na hatsarori da kuma asarar a sufuri.

Matsalar shi ne cewa mutum yana da wata ma'ana sashin jiki, wanda zai iya daukar radiation. Saboda haka, a cikin m yankunan da ake bukata don amfani na musamman na'urorin - dosimeters, wanda za sigina game da wucewa sakamakon radiation.

Raka'a ji na radiation da radioactivity

Wadannan su ne daban-daban Concepts da kuma raka'a ji ne daban-daban. Awo na radioactivity - wannan aiki sashi. An auna a becquerels. Daya Becquerel ne 1 zarra Lalacewar da na biyu. Sau da yawa shi ne kimanta dangane da naúrar taro ko girma.

Ionizing radiation, wanda ya auku a lokacin da lalata da kwayoyin halitta auna a roentgens. Amma wannan shi ne manya-manyan darajar. Saboda haka, a yi sau da yawa ake magana a kai microroentgens, cewa shi ne mai milyan ɓangare na shi. Haka kuma, bugu dogara da daukan hotuna lokaci. Kuma darajar, wanda aka auna da kudi na baya radiation - Mr / h, cewa shi ne, micro-roentgen awa.

Akwai wani darajar - ne sievert. Ana amfani da tantance da tasiri a kan mutum. Tare da wannan na'ura da aka auna m kashi. Ikon wannan kashi da aka mai suna sievert awa. A cikin gida dalilai daya sievert ne daidai to 100 X-ray.

Misali dabi'u na sakawa a iska mai guba allurai

Duk da radiation, wanda aka samar da jiki, bar wani sawu na radiation, kuma bã, zai yiwu ya rabu da shi. Saboda haka, duk halitta kafofin na radiation ƙara har zuwa wani kashi cewa dabam a kusa da darajar 3 mSv a kowace shekara. Yana iya zama kadan kasa ko kadan more dangane da ƙasa. Amma shi ne halin da iyakar halatta kudi na radiation bango.

A kashi da aka samu ta hanyar da mutum a cikin rayuwarsa, kada ta kasance fiye da 700 mSv. Mafi sau da yawa wannan darajar gabatowa da mazaunan dutsen yankunan.

Bugu da kari, mutane suna kullum fuskanci ƙarin radiation, kamar wani likita jarrabawa. Yana da kyawawa da cewa wadannan karatu kada ku ƙetare iyakar kashi.

Abin da ya haddasa sakamakon radiation a kan jikin mutum?

Idan wani kashi da aka sanya a cikin dabi'u da cewa tsara da kudi na baya radiation, mutane kawai ba su lura. Su rayuwa ci gaba, kuma ba illa ba bayyananne. Amma idan wani kashi ƙwarai wuce darajar da kuma daukan hotuna na faruwa a cikin wani gajeren lokaci, da tambaya da radiation cuta. Yana da wani na rayuwa cuta, sankarar bargo da kuma ciwon daji, fata konewa da kuma radiation cataract, complicates cikin shakka daga cututtuka, abu don rashin haihuwa.

Radiation Kariya Hanyar

Uku daga cikinsu:

• yayin da tun shekaru daga baya rage radiation kashi.
• da nesa saboda nesa daga radiation tushen tsanani an rage.
• abu domin shi garwaya da gamma haskoki.