Battle of Konotop 1659: Myths da Facts

Tare da mutuwar Bogdana Hmelnitskogo Ukraine da aka fuskanci daya daga cikin mafi ban tausayi lokacin a cikin tarihi, a lokacin da sojoji da aka gudanar cikin karkararta, da kuma Cossack sojojin da siyasa Elite aka raba cikin da dama kungiyoyin. Bone aka haife a sakamakon haƙiƙa matakai, kuma zuwa mafi girma har saboda da short-gani siyasa na mafi yawan Cossack jami'an, da ikon zabi wani shugaban cancanta da ruhun marigayin Bogdana Hmelnitskogo. Daya daga waɗanda za su iya zama sabon shugaban Ukraine ya Ivan Vygovskyy, soja gwaninta abin da ya bayyana a daya daga cikin mafi girma a soja rikice-rikice a kan ƙasa na Ukraine - Konotop (Sosnovskaya) yaƙi.

A tarnaƙi daga yakin Konotop

Battle of Konotop a 1659 ya faru a lokacin rani, a cikin matakan tsakanin kauyuka da kuma Shapovalovka Sosnovka. Jam'iyyun shi sun stopyatidesyatitysyachnaya sojojin karkashin jagorancin Prince Trubetskoy, tare da goyon bayan da rajimanti Prince Romodovskogo, a hannu daya, da kuma Ukrainian Cossack sojojin karkashin jagorancin Hetman Ivanom Vygovskim. A sakamakon haka, jimlar asarar da fada da ƙungiya biyu suka haɗu suka game da 45,000 matattu: 30,000 da Trubetskoy, da kuma 15,000 da Vygovskogo.

Tafakkuri cikin yaƙi a tarihin

Konotop yaƙi ta hanyar da idanu na Rasha masana tarihi ze kamar mafi catastrophic shan kashi na Moscow ta sojojin. Bayani game da wannan yaƙi quite a bit, tun nazarin da shi gudanar a ranar m matakin. A mafi littattafan tarihi da kuma litattafan, kuma wannan yaki da aka ambata ba. Saboda haka, akwai mai saɓani bayani game da yadda kuma abin da ya faru a kan Konotop yaƙi. Myths kuma facts gauraye sama da juna, da kuma samun gaskiya game da wani musamman lokacin ko kananan abubuwan ne kusan ba zai yiwu. A cikin Tarayyar Soviet akwai hani a kan jama'a tattaunawa na rabuwa da Ukrainian mutane na goma sha bakwai karni a cikin pro-Moscow da kuma anti-Moscow hanya.

Zaben Hetman Vygovskogo

Ivan Vygovskyy hukumance ya zo da iko a Ukraine a tsakiyar Agusta 1657. The title of Hetman Ivan Vygovskyy janar magatakarda yarda da jami'an 'majalisar, a Chigirin. Wani dan takarar da aka Yuri Khmelnitsky, wanda ya ƙaramin ɗan Bogdana Hmelnitskogo. Duk da haka, ban da dangantaka da babban hetman Yuri sauran allahntaka halaye zama dole su yi mulkin kasar, amma ba ni da. Ba a cikin ni'imar da ya takarar da ya ce matasa shekaru Khmelnitsky-ƙaramin.

Geopolitical ra'ayoyi Vygovskogo

New Hetman ba a farko gane ta talakawa Cossacks. Daya daga cikin dalilan da aka dauke su asalin Vygovskogo da ya shige. Ivan - zo daga wani irin Volyn gentry. Na asali a magatakarda a cikin sahu na Yaren mutanen Poland kwamishinan, wanda ya yi magana a kan Cossacks a Ukraine. Rhode Vygovskaya kuma yana da tushen da Polish gentry. Har ila yau, Cossacks, suka yi yaƙi domin mai zaman kanta Ukrainian jihar, damu game da sha'awar bayar da wani sabon Hetman Little Rasha karkashin protectorate na Rzeczpospolita. A cewar daya ba a tantance ba versions Vygovskyy ya sanar da yanke shawara a lokacin jana'izar Bogdana Hmelnitskogo. Ideas kin amincewa da Moscow da kuma Ukraine shiga cikin Ukrainian ƙasashe, domin su Poland, ya raba tare da jakadan na Commonwealth Kazimirom Benevskim. Wannan al'amari ya zama sananne ga Moscow Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Duk da haka, sarki na daidaito da cewa tattaunawar sa a cikin tambaya da kuma watsi. A akasin wannan, ya aika da sako zuwa ga Martin Pushkar, Poltava kanar da Yakovu Barabashu, Ataman Cossack sojojin. A na USB Alexei Mikhailovich umurce su da su bi cikakken tare da umarni na wani sabon hetman da kuma kauce wa tarzoma.

Pereyaslav Rada da Vygovskogo sojojin

Vygovskyy ma ya nuna nufi game da Yaren mutanen Poland vector. A akasin wannan, a cikin sabon Pereiaslav Rada, wanda ya iso gaban Rasha Jakadan Bogdan Khitrova, Hetman Vygovskyy yi rantsuwa amincewa da Muscovite jihar da kuma sarki. An yi imani da cewa data diplomasiyya karimcin ya gangan karshe, muna ganin sarki. Lokacin da taimako awo na kula da daga Moscow Ivan kafa wani m huldar diplomasiyya tare da Crimea da kuma kulla da biyayya da Khan ta sojojin. Ya kuma fara karfafa sojojin. Sashe na daga cikin Cossack baitul, bar wata wasiyya da Bogdana Hmelnitskogo, ya ciyar a kan halittar wani harsunan 'yan barandan sojojin. Game da miliyan daya rubles da aka kashe a kan daukar ma'aikata na sojojin na Jamus da kuma Poland asalin.

A lokaci guda ya fara kara m zanga-zanga a Ukraine. A farkon shekara Hetmanat Vygovskogo, a sakamakon yakin basasa, game da 50,000 fararen hula da aka kashe. A yãƙi ya faru a birane kamar Gadyach, Lubny, Mirgorod da sauran ƙauyuka bar-banki Ukraine.

Sarkin sarakuna, tun familiarized tare da shakka na harkokin, aika zuwa Ukraine Gwamna Gregory Romadovskogo, jagorancin gagarumin Rasha sojojin. Moscow gaban a Kiev, an ƙarfafa, kamar yadda wajabta Pereyaslavskaya yarjejeniya. A Kiev, ya aka sa a detachment na Basil Shemeteva.

Gadyatskaya yarjejeniya da Poland da kuma farkon na farko rikicin

Open adawa da Moscow fara a farkon kaka na 1858, lokacin da wata yarjejeniya da aka kammala tare da Dogayen sanda, a Gadyach (kira Gadyachsky yarjejeniya). A yarjejeniyar ya shafi wani tafi a Ukraine ikon Commonwealth, kuma Vygovskyy fara shirya don yaki da Rasha. Game da cin amana Vygovskogo ce tarihin Samoilo Velichko. Ya kai tsaye kira Hetman m lalata da kuma dogon yaki a Ukraine.

Da farko, an yanke shawarar zuwa yi shi ne "neman 'yancin" na Kiev daga sansanin Sheremet. Duk da haka, ya aiko don aiki Vygovskogo wa Daniel kasa aiki. Wanda ya zo da taimakon Ivan Vygovskyy kansa ya ci da yaƙi. A karkashin matsin lamba, a cikin arzikinku, ya ci gaba da cewa duk da biyayya ga Moscow, alamar a lokaci guda ta soke rundunar sojojin haya da Tatars. Gaskantawa da wannan sanarwa, da Sarkin yafe kuma saki Vygovskogo.
Ba da da ewa Ivan kaddamar da wani hari a kan wani sojojin Romodanovsky. Bayan koyo daga wadannan tsare-tsaren, an yanke shawarar aika da taimakon hamsin Romodanovsky reinforcements, karkashin jagorancin Prince Trubetskoy. Trubetskoy sojojin haura zuwa Konotop castle, shan hanyar Azurfa.

A kewaye da Konotop

Troubetzkoy ya hada kai tare da shelves da Romodanovsky Bespaly a watan Fabrairu 1659. A tsakiyar watan Afrilu, Moscow sojojin ya zo Konotop, da kuma Afrilu 21, aka fara ta da dakarun da kewaye. Konotop yaƙi, a 1659 aka bayyana da Sahaban matsayin fratricidal yaƙi. Haka kuma, sojojin, suka yi yaƙi a garesu, kunshi mafi yawa na Ukrainians da kuma Rasha, a wajen daidaita rabbai.
Tsohon taswirar Konotop yaƙi ba wani tunani na fagen fama. Konotop kansa yayin da wani sansanin soja da hudu ƙofar ƙofofi. Ta aka kewaye da wani moat a kan bangarorin biyu. Har ila yau, kusa da wani USAID, tare da uku bangarorin kewaye da babbar katanga da tsanya, ta huɗu kuma kogin zaschischennnoe Konotop. The sojojin sansanin soja kunshi hudu dubu Cossacks da dama regiments.

yakin Konotop

Yuni 27, 1659, at Shapovalovka kauye, ya fara da farko arangama tsakanin sojojin da kuma Moscow Vygovskogo sojojin. A cikin wadannan collisions Moscow sojojin sha wahala da tsanani lalacewa. Duk da haka, wadannan bayanan ne saba da akasin sauran Sahaban. An yi imani da cewa bayan yakin Moscow sojojin garzaya a bin da mahayan Vygovskogo da 29 ga watan Yuni a da safe, a kusa da kauyen na Sosnovka da Shepetivka, shi ya fara Yaƙin ya saukar a cikin tarihi a matsayin Battle of Konotop 1659.

The sojojin karkashin iko da Pozharsky aka herded a cikin tarkon tsakanin biyu koguna. Wannan yankin ne halin da yawa daga dausayi. Saboda haka, giciye-sojojin da aka hampered. Pozharsky ya zama m zuwa busa Crimean Khan sojojinta daga raya. A sakamakon wannan hari, bisa ga daban-daban kimomi sojan doki Russia rasa biyar zuwa talatin da dubu mutane kashe. Pozharsky Overconfidence ya taka zamba a kan shi. A farkon da harin da aka ba shirya. Pozharsky ba su ma damu da su gudanar da bincike. A sakamakon haka, na jahilci jagoranci, ya aka kama da Khan da aka kashe.

Moscow sojojin janyewar

Muscovite sojojin karkashin jagorancin Trubetskoy ya faru tsari sharar zuwa Putivl. Da shan kashi na Konotop ya m ga Moscow. An sa ran cewa sojojin na Crimean Khan bayan irin nasarar da za ta je ta. Duk da haka, da Tatars da wani fadowa fita da Vygovsky da kuma fara washe birnin Little Rasha. Kuma shi ya ƙare tare da yakin Konotop. Wanda zai lashe wannan yaki? Ya lashe zaben da sojojin Hetman Vygovskogo, duk da haka, sakamakon wannan nasara kai ga looting na kasar nan da Tatars.

An yi imani da cewa bayan wannan shan kashi Alexis ba za su iya tara mai karfi da sojoji, amma shi ba haka ba. Yuli 28, 1659 Crimean Khan aka fitar daga Ukraine kokarin Don Cossacks Yakovlev sojojin Ataman Sirko kuma tsohon sahabbai Bogdana Hmelnitskogo. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa sakamakon "manajan" Crimean khan muhimmanci sauƙaƙar Ukraine. A wannan akwai wani ruwan inabi Hetman Vygovskogo.

Battle of Konotop. Tarihi na Cossacks da kuma na gaba hetman

Tuni a cikin tsakiyar watan Oktoba, maimakon sabon Ivan an zabe Hetman Yurii Khmelnytsky, wanda aka kawo Alekseem Trubetskim. Vygovskyy shekaru biyar bayan kawo karshen yakin da aka zargi Dogayen sanda na cin amanar kasa da hukuncin kisa.