The Great mawuyacin na farkon 30-ies na XX karni a Amurka

Yau da United States ne mafi ɓullo da kasa a duniya, wanda ba kawai yana da karfi da tsarin tattalin arziki, amma kuma, a sakamako, ya kafa shugabanci a ci gaban al'adu da kuma al'umma. Duk da haka, shi ya kasance ba ko da yaushe, da kuma hanya tattalin arziki da iko a kasar da aka quite wuya.

Daya daga cikin bakin ciki shafukan a cikin tarihi na Amurka ne da ake kira Great mawuyacin, wanda aka sa ta a kaifi tattalin arzikin da kuma high kumbura a shekara ta 1929, a lokacin da a wata rana daina ta aikin daruruwan manyan kamfanonin, da dama, dozin bankuna sun zama fatara nan da nan. Mene ne dalilin wannan kwatsam rikicin, domin da yawa har yanzu ya kasance wani asiri, saboda, duk da nazarin manyan tattalin arziki na duniya, da yawa har yanzu a bi ambiguously.

Saboda haka, a cikin 20s na karshe karni, Amurka ta tsarin tattalin arziki ya ci gaba quite hanzari, kore ta kimiyya da fasaha juyin juya halin da ya faru a cikin marigayi 19th karni. Girmancin rates kasance haka m cewa shi ne ko da gaba a ci gaba da yawa a cikin kasashen Turai. Wannan aka yuwuwa ta dama key dalilai, shugaba daga abin da yake da ci gaban masana'antu, da wutar lantarki na kasar, yi da kuma fadada zaman kansa gonaki. Oddly isa, amma da shekaru na yakin duniya na farko, tattalin arzikin Amurka ya ƙarfafa quite da kyau, tun da tsanani da fitarwa na makamai, da magunguna da kuma daban-daban kayan gida a Turai da gudummawar da enrichment na kasashen waje iko.

Duk da haka, duk da seeming nasara a kasar sannu a hankali kara irin ƙarfin lantarki, da kuma babban mawuyacin ya bayyana cewa shi ne duk don haka da kyau, kamar yadda ya zama kamar ma a farkon. The gaskiyar cewa mafi yawan kudi babban birnin kasar da aka mayar da hankali a hannun babban tycoons, kamar Rockefeller, Morgan, Hill, Carnegie da sauransu. A sakamakon haka, kananan da kuma matsakaici kasuwanci zama ƙara wuya a gasa tare da jagorancin masana'antu amãnõninsu, wanda a hankali ya zama mafi kuma mafi iko. Saboda wannan dalili, da karuwa a yawa daga manyan kamfanonin nuna karfi tattalin arziki, wanda, duk da haka, yana da kadan sakamako a kan girma da jindadin American iyalansu. A kasa matsakaicin kudin shiga ba ya wuce da abincinsa matakin. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa Oktoba 24, 1929 ya auka a stock farashin, wanda ya kai ga rushewar tattalin arzikin Amurka. Shugaba Hoover ta gwamnati ba zai iya yin wani abu, don haka na gaba zaben shugaban kasa a 1932, Franklin Roosevelt an zabe shugaban kasa.

The Great mawuyacin a Amurka ya tsanani gurgunta da suna na tattalin arziki ikon da Amurka, don haka da zuba jari a cikin tattalin arzikin plummeted. Daruruwan dubban mutane kasance a kan titi, saboda kasuwanci sun rufe, kuma sharply ya karu da rashin aikin yi. A halin da ake ciki shi ne musamman tsanani, kuma shi ne a cikin wannan mawuyacin hali, sabon shugaban da tawagarsa, sun zaba hanya madaidaiciya, furta abin da ake kira "New Deal", wanda aka ba kawai ga 'yan shekaru kawo tattalin arzikin daga cikin rikicin, amma kuma ya ba da iko impetus ga ci gaban tattalin arziki na dukan jiha. Saboda babban mawuyacin janye a baya, kuma bai taba mayar da su. A jigon "sabon hanya" da aka shan m matakai don hana fall na kasa kudin da su goyi bayan kasar manyan kamfanoni. wani sabon dokar a kan kasafi na jihar rance, wanda bayar da gwaji taimako a cikin maido da tattalin arzikin kasar da aka soma. A mataki na gaba, a sakamakon wanda babban mawuyacin aka rinjãye, ya da goyon bayan da kwadago da kuma bada su m iko. Saboda wannan, jama'ar {asar Amirka ji more amintacce, da kuma kasar ya zama sannu-sannu fita daga cikin rikicin.

Summing up tarihi rikicin, ya kamata a jaddada cewa, duk da dukan korau maki, wannan ya} ashin ga wani sabon ci gaban tattalin arziki, kamar "girgiza-up" shi ne farkon sabon zamanin ci gaban tattalin arziki na Amurka. Sanadiyar haka ne, babban mawuyacin na 1929 da aka samu nasarar shawo kan.