Followers of Catherine Mai girma. Grigory Orlov - a fi so na Catherine mai girma

A zamanin mulkin Empress Catherine II aka tashe-tashen a matsayin nauyi na zamantakewa da matsaloli da cewa sun taso a cikin Rasha Empire, da kuma mini ne unprecedented sikelin da gatanci. Sun suitors wanda kewaye Empress, ciwon cin zarafi mummunan tasiri a kan gida da kuma kasashen waje da manufofin da ke jihar. Da wakilan da hakan strata na nobility fara neman samun riba ta hanyar da flattery na sabon favorites na Catherine girma, game da shi, undermining duk halin kirki norms da kuma zamantakewa taron gunduma na lokaci. Hakika, a wata hanya ba, ba zai iya detract daga babban muhimmanci a cikin ci gaban da Rasha, wanda shi ne zamanin da zamanin da Empress. Duk da haka, za mu ba bayyana a cikin daki-daki, a jihar ayyukan da ayyukan Catherine II, da kuma za ta yi kokarin gaya game da sirri rai na wata mace da suka bar wani da gaske kafu daram alama a cikin tarihin kasar mu.

Princess Fike

Future "alherin da Allah Empress da autocrat All-Rasha" Catherine, sun riga sun karɓi daga Sahaban take "Babba", an haife ni a Afrilu 21, 1729 a Prussian garin Stettin. Major General, Kanar na Prussian sojojin Kirista Agusta na Anhalt-Zerbst da matarsa, Johanna Elizabeth, da aka bai farinsa - 'yar - mai kyau Jamus sunan - Sophia Augusta Frederica. Duk da cewa iyayenta aka alaka da yawa sarauta gidajen Turai (da mahaifinsa ya title of Prince, kuma ko da daga baya ya zama mai shi daga cikin German Duchy na Zerbst da uwarsa da aka haifi wani gimbiya na Holstein-Gottorp), ta yarantaka ya kadan kamar wani mai rai mutum "sarauta jini" . Rayuwa ne a wani talakawa Jamus gidan, Fike, kira cikin auna ta yar ta iyaye, za a iya shirya wa wata yarinya daga wani bourgeois iyali na cewa lokaci da ilimi a gida, wanda dole ya hada da ikon dafa da kuma tsabta.

Fara da "sarauta" hanya

A 1744, a karkashin taimaka na Prussian sarki Fridriha Velikogo, Sophia Augusta tare da mahaifiyarta da aka sa ta Empress Elizabeth, aka neman amarya ga dansa don St. Petersburg. A Rasha, Jamus gimbiya shige da yanka na baftisma da a cikin Orthodox hadisin ya mai suna Catherine A .. A 1745 ta yi aure da Grand Duke Peter Fedorovich, nan gaba Sarkin sarakuna Peter III. Rayuwar iyali matasa nezaladilas daga farko. The magaji a kan karaga, ko saboda su rashin ci gaba ko gigin-tsufa, ko kuma kawai daga cikin "qiyayyarsu" ya sosai sanyi tare da matarsa. Ko a kan bikin aure dare, ya bai biya wani da hankali ga matasa amarya. Ta dabam-dabam irrepressible jima'i halin, kawai bukatar namiji da hankali da kuma bisa ga Sahaban, nan da nan bayan bikin aure fara zuwa bayyane Flirt da Cavaliers.

A farko tsanani soyayya

A lokacin da rayuwar mijinta a nan gaba Empress bayyana sirrin lover. Suka zama Sergey Vasilevich Saltykov (1726-1765), mai daraja mutum na da 'ya'yan sarakuna ba iyali, wanda yana da daraja na shirayin na Grand Duke. Saltykov a lokacin da suka sani ya juya shekaru 26 da haihuwa. Ya zama na farko da aka fi so daga Catherine II da kawai daya daga dukan wadanda suke girmi ta. Sadarwa a tsakanin matasa dade daga 1752 zuwa 1754, kafin haihuwa da na ɗan, Catherine - magaji a kan karaga - Paul Petrovich. Mutane da yawa Sahaban dangana Saltykov gaskiya ubanci na Paul. Kamar shi ko a'a, ba a sani, da Empress, wadannan jita-jita, ba hana. Amma Sergei Vasilyevich - ya a cikin wannan shekara da aka aiko manzon zuwa Turai, inda na dogon lokaci kiyaye up wani rubutu tare da masõyansa. Yana da da Saltykov fara kidaya fi so na Catherine Mai girma, wanda hotuna suna da kyau kiyaye wannan rana.

Son biyu: matasa iyakacin duniya

Catherine, kamar yadda wani matashi, aiki, da kuma sosai addicting mace kawai ba zai iya zama shi kadai. A 1756, ta yi wani sabon lover. Suka zama Stanislaw Agusta Poniatowski (1732-1798), a da ilmin jami'in diflomasiyyar, nan da nan ya zama Yaren mutanen Poland Jakadan a St. Petersburg. A cewar jita-jita, da shi ne daga wannan mahallin, nan gaba empress haifi 'yar a 1757. Anna mutu yana da shekaru biyu. An sani cewa Bitrus Fedorovich san game da dangantakar da matarsa da wani matashi iyakacin duniya, da kuma abin da ke more, shi na goyon bayan su. The kawai gagarumin abokin gaba na "Kasadar" na Catherine zama mulki empress - Elizaveta Petrovna. A 1758, ta koya daga asharãrai game da 'yar'uwarsa, ya husata da kuma umurce su da su nan da nan aika wani wakilin a mayar da Poland. Catherine ya kiyaye da memory na ƙaunataccen, da kuma bayan wani tilasta rabuwa. A 1764, shi da kasancewa riga da Empress taimake Stanisław Agusta zuwa hau gadon sarautar da Commonwealth.

Gregory Orlov (1734-1783)

Wace rawa Grigoriy Grigorevich Orlov a cikin rabo na wannan mace? Menene tarihin gaya mana? Future fi so na Catherine mai girma da aka haife a kan Oktoba 17, 1734 a cikin iyali na mai ritaya, Manjo-Janar - Grigory Ivanovich Orlov. Shimfiɗar jariri, da Gregory da hudu 'yan'uwa da ya faru a wani yanayi na soyayya, jituwa da kuma zafi. Shugaban iyali, wanda shi ne gida da bude kofa dalĩli, ya taba shiga wani irin husuma, da jayayya, ba scandals. Orlov samu al'ada ga mutanen da ya da'irar gida ilimi, inda na musamman da hankali da aka ba soja horo da kuma ta jiki horo. Brothers sãɓã wa jũna daga masu rinjaye na da takwarorinsu sosai tsayi jiki, da jaruntakar labarin da tsananin ƙarfi. A 1749, Gregory shiga St. Petersburg ƙasar yar jam'iyyar kadet Corps, bayan da ya aka nan da nan ya shiga a cikin Elite Guards Semenov rajimanti. Matashin mai kyau, ya ƙaunace mata kuma yana da sha'awar ga amorous Kasadar. Duk da haka, ya bambanta shi da ƙarfin zuciya da kuma ƙarfin hali da cewa a yarda da shi to da sauri tashi zuwa ga daraja da leftana daraja da kuma zuwa ɓangare na sojojin a cikin shekaru bakwai 'War.

feats makamai

A fagen yaƙi gaba fi so Catherine 2, Orlov nuna sosai jarumi warrior. Tsarki ya tabbata Gregory ya kawo wani mummunan yaƙi kusa da Jamusanci kauyen Zorndorf, inda Rasha sojojin gana da sojojin da Prussian King Frederick II. A lokacin yaki da matsananciyar Guardsman nuna m ƙarfin hali, na ƙwarai kwanciyar hankali da kuma mai girma jimiri. Da yake rauni sau uku, sai ya zauna a cikin sahu, ya jefa kansa a cikin m na yaki da kuma tirelessly Raziel maƙiyi. A labarai baza ta cikin exploits na gwarzo soja darajõji, ishãra zuwa duk Rasha sojoji, da kuma Prussian sojojin da aka ci kuma kori. Domin su yaƙi a ƙarfin zuciya da kuma ƙarfin hali Grigory Orlov da aka daukaka zuwa ga daraja da kyaftin, da kuma yaki domin shi ya cika. Gaskiyar ita ce, a lokacin yakin zorndorf aka kama adjutant Friedrich Graf von Schwerin. Alhakin manufa na isar da fursuna da kotun na Empress Elizabeth, kuma aka danƙa wa matasa guardsman.

Saba da nan gaba Empress

A cikin bazara na 1759 Gregory ya isa a arewacin babban birnin kasar, inda ya nan da nan aka gaishe da 'yan'uwansa, Alexei da Fyodor, wanda ya yi aiki a cikin sahu na lieutenants da Semenovski Preobrazhensky Guards regiments bi da bi. Trinity da fun da sukeyi a m revelry, soyayya kasada da kuma katin wasanni. Duk da haka, a 1760 Gregory koma daga Guard manyan bindigogi da kuma nada adjutant sosai m manya - Count Petra Ivanovicha Shuvalova. Da zarar, a tsakiyar kotu rayuwa, da kyau Orlov gana da shekara talatin da Catherine, m da kuma dandana a soyayya harkokin, amma a lokaci guda m mace wahala daga Loneliness da wulãkanci daga mijinta. Grigory fascinated da nan gaba Empress na ƙuruciya, so da adventurism. Na dogon lokaci lover gudanar ya boye su dangantaka daga bare.

Ƙulla wa Sarkin sarakuna

Orlov, yana da suna na mutane jarumi da kuma gaskiya, dadin babban daraja a Guards regiments, wakiltar manyan ikon da goyon bayan sarauta da iko. Brothers a tattaunawa tare da abokai, ya fara haifar da siffar wani shahidi Grand Duchess, hankali jawo wa gefe da karuwar manyansu da kuma soja. Makangara hali na magaji zuwa kursiyin Bitrus, kuma gudummawar da shahararsa. A farko yiwuwar ne a juyin mulkin da mãkirci, wanda hada da na yanzu (Orlov) da kuma nan gaba (G. Potemkin) Followers Catherine 2, gabatar 25 ga Disamba, 1761, da rana na mutuwa na Empress Elizabeth. Duk da haka, da Grand Duchess kanta yana a wata asara, shi ne mummunan tsoro, da kuma lokacin da aka rasa. Duk da haka, rikice Catherine dalilin zarar zama da aka sani. Ta ciki wata biyar, da kuma duk majalisarsa su na sane da cewa shi ya Gregory uban yaron. Yaron da aka haife shi a Afrilu 1762, aka mai suna Alexei, ya samu title of Count, kuma ya kasance wanda ya kafa wani daraja iyali Bobrinskys.

fadar juyin mulki

A farko "matakai" Sarkin sarakuna Peter III (ƙarshe na zaman lafiya tare da Prussia da disbanding na Guard, wanda ya kasance zaunanniyar Rasha sojojin) ya sa mai girma rashin biyan bukata a cikin al'umma. Orlov 'yan'uwa, sõyayya a kasa ko soja, ya yanke shawarar zai kwana 27 a kan Yuni 28 juyin mulki, da manufar wanda ya kifar da sarki. Aleksey Orlov Catherine kawo daga Peterhof zuwa babban birnin kasar, inda suka gana da Gregory da abokansa. Guards regiments yi rantsuwa amincewa nan gaba autocrat, kuma daga 9 na safe a Kazan Cathedral fara ta sa kambi yanka. Peter III, yayin da a Oranienbaum, ya sane da rashin bege na matsayinsa, da kuma dutifully hannu ya abdication. A Empress san duk game da babban rawa da 'yan'uwansa a sarautarsa kuma, sau da yawa maimaita baya cewa bashin da yawa zuwa Orlov.

Grigory Orlov - a fi so na Catherine mai girma

Bayan da sa kambi na Catherine, showering lakabi, lakabi da lambobin yabo na dukan na hannun daman, ya mayar da su cikin Winter Palace. Eagles, duk da empress bayar da dukiya, fĩfĩta su zauna kusa da masõyansa. Don shi ya zo a gaske ban mamaki lokaci. Gina a cikin suna na count, samu da daraja na Manjo Janar, Grigory fara mallaka gagarumin iko, da ya kullum aka kyau samu ta Empress, kuma ta tattauna tare da shi duk da harkokin jihar. Catherine II ya passionately m da ya fi so, kuma ko da tsanani faruwa je Orlov aure. Autocrat dissuaded daga yin haka, tare da tsananin wahalar, amma har yanzu gudanar don Count Nikita Panin. Masana tarihi san shi kamar yadda ya ce, "Mother, mu duka biyayya da umurnin da Empress, amma wanda zai saurare Countess Orlov?" Gregory, bisa ga shaidu, ya ma sosai m Catherine kuma ba ta wata kyauta mai tamani, cikin shahararrun daga wanda yake da babbar lu'u-lu'u.

Rayuwa a kotu

Grigory ya ko da yaushe goyon cikin fitattu daga cikin Empress kuma har ta ikon yi kokarin taimaka mata a cikin management na jihar. Ya da wani muguwar sha'awa ga ikon, wanda aka fuskantar da yawa fi so na Catherine Mai girma da Sahaban yi magana da shi a matsayin wani karimci, mãsu tawakkali da kuma kyau-natured mutum. Graf Orlov sha'awar kimiyya da falsafa, shayari kuma art. Ya bayar da goyon baya da kuma taimaka mai girma Lomonosov, kuma bayan mutuwarsa, ya iya saya dukan ayyukan da harkokin kimiyya, kuma ya cece su domin ƙarshe. Ya kasance daya daga cikin initiators na yaƙi gāba da Turks domin samun damar yin amfani da tekun Black Sea. Ko da yake Empress kuma ba zai bar ta ta lover zuwa yaki, a yi amfani da samu da sauri. Grigory Orlov, a fi so na Catherine girma, aka aika zuwa Moscow don yin yaki da annoba da annoba. Ya ya iya nuna inda ya kungiya basira da wata daya zuwa kawar da birnin daga wani mummunan annoba. Catherine haɗu da wani gwarzo ta lover, umurce su da su gina da Arc de Triomphe da simintin samu lambar tare da wani hoto na count a masa mutunci.

Sunset haske star

Afrilu 18, 1772 Gregory aka aika zuwa Romania don tattaunawa da Turks. A wannan tafiya Orlov koya cewa Catherine II yana da wani sabon fi so. An juya ta Alexey Semenovich Vasilchikov (1746-1813) - a ƙaho na Life Guards rajimanti, wanda ya kasance daga cikin shahararrun daraja iyali. Gregory Agusta 28 karya taron, kuma ya garzaya zuwa St. Petersburg, fata saduwa da Empress. Catherine a lokacin ya riga ya samu wani rahoto daga Count Panin da labarai cewa Eagles kasa tattaunawar, da kuma karshe ya yanke shawarar karya up tare da shi. Empress ƙi tsohon lover a cikin masu sauraro da kuma aika shi zuwa ga shekara-shekara "hutu", bã tare da shekara-shekara m abun ciki, kazalika da dubban serfs. A 1777, Earl aure dan uwansa, wanda nan da nan, rashin lafiyar da tarin fuka da kuma ya mutu. Grigory iya tsayawa ba ta mutuwa, lalace hankali, kuma sun mutu Afrilu 24, 1783.

Rayuwa ba tsaya har yanzu

Alex Vasilchikov mallaki irin fice data gudanar da baya fi so na Catherine Mai girma. Ko da yake ya kasance shekaru 17 ƙaramin fiye da Empress, amma ya sãɓã, rashin ilimi da kuma sauri gundura da Empress. Na da abũbuwan amfãni za a iya gano kawai unselfishness, da kuma cewa bai yi amfani da matsayinsa. Ya aka maye gurbinsu a 1774 zo Grigoriy Aleksandrovich Potemkin, wanda ya zama daya daga cikin shahararrun mutane daga cikin lokaci, daga dangane da wanda Catherine haifi 'yar - Elizabeth Grigorievna. A Scion na mai daraja iyali na fadin wajen, Potemkin zama babban dattaku, wani aboki da kuma co-m ainihin Empress. A cikin "post" fi so Grigory aka maye gurbinsu da Petr Vasilevich Zavadovsky, wanda shi ma ya zama wani shahararren dignitary. A zamanin Alexander I, Catherine ta jikan, ya aka bai wa post na ministan ilimi.

A 'yan kalmomi a ƙarshe

Followers Catherine 2, tsohon yafi adjutants serene Prince Potemkin, karfe nasara da juna. Wasu daga cikin su, kamar nan gaba gwarzo na Patriotic War, Alekseya Petrovicha Ermolova, tsiwirwirinsu shahararsa da kuma mutane ta soyayya. Masu rinjaye, ya rubuta a cikin littafin, "a fi so na Catherine Babba" Sorotokina NM, tsunduma a blatant zari, cin hanci da rashawa, wofintar da jihar taskar. A sabon abu na gatanci da ya shar'anta a duhu tabo a kan dukan tarihin na Rasha jihar.

A mafi yawan sanannun fi so na Catherine mai girma

Photos of wasu daga cikinsu za ka iya gani a wannan labarin. Ko da yake ba dukkan dabbobi Empress. Add to Favorites Catherine 2, samu mafi girma shahararsa: Aleksey Petrovich Ermolov (nan gaba gwarzo na yaki da Napoleon), Grigoriy Aleksandrovich Potemkin (Mai girma dattaku na zamanin) da kuma Platon Zubov, na karshe fi so daga cikin Empress.