Wa? Ir? Ira Dynamite? cikakken bincike

A labarin da ya gaya game wanda ya ƙirƙira Dynamite, game da kaddarorin da abu da kuma ta amfani, me ya sa aka watsar a cikin ni'imar da sauran nakiyoyi.

farko

Kamar yadda yakan faru ne, da zaman lafiya na da sabuwar dabara ana amfani da soja al'amura. A daukan hankali misali - foda. Da farko an yi amfani kamar yadda ta cika da wasan wuta da kuma ko da wani magani, a tsakiyar zamanai shi aka yi amfani da farko bindigogi, da kuma daga baya - a matsayin hanyar lalata birãnensu, kuma gadoji.

Ba sai na biyu da rabi daga cikin XIX karni. A sa'an nan da likita Alfred Nobel ƙirƙira hanya zuwa sha nitroglycerin sauran abubuwa. Wannan ya kasance wanda ya ƙirƙira Dynamite. Amma abin da yake da dangantaka da take tsakanin shi da nitrate glycerol?

The abu ne cewa, nitroglycerine aka hada a baya, da kuma shirya yin amfani da shi a matsayin maimakon gunpowder matsayin m, domin shi ne yafi iko da kuma ya fi dacewa. Kuma bã ya da wani downside - a monstrously karfi rashin zaman lafiya. Ya iya fashewa wani abu - yajin, canji a zazzabi, m amo, hasken rana, da dai sauransu ...

A cikin tambaya na wanda ƙirƙira Dynamite, za ka iya ji sau da yawa a mayar da martani ga labarin cewa shi ne wani hatsari Nobel. The masanin kimiyyar kansa ya musanci wannan gaskiyar. Yana purposefully neman hanyoyin da za a haifar da barga mahadi nitroglycerin, ta amfani kamar yadda wani absorbent (absorbent abu) gawayi, tubali turɓãya, lãka da sauransu. Amma mafi kyau sakamakon ya nuna diatomaceous duniya - musamman dutse. Bayan impregnation da bushewa, glycerol nitrate m foda ne tuba a cikin wani iko, da kuma mafi muhimmanci, barga nakiyoyi. Saboda haka tare da waɗanda suka ƙirƙira Dynamite, mun fahimci, shi ne Alfred Nobel. Amma me ya sa wannan kaya ya zama haka rare?

Properties

Gunpowder, babban fashewar a waɗannan shekaru da dama da drawbacks. Daya daga cikinsu - low konewa kudi, sakamakon, misali, zuwa shẽƙe dutse, shi ake bukata babban adadin, kuma low yadda ya dace da aka samu. Karin Nobel ƙirƙira Dynamite a matsayin sabon nakiyoyi, da iko fiye da gunpowder, amma shi ne mafi amintacce fiye da nitroglycerin. A gaskiya ma, sun iya impregnated da kusan dukkan kayan, ko da wani talakawa ƙasa, za ta iya samun ikon fashe, amma diatomaceous duniya shi ne mafi kyau.

Daga baya, a wani yunkurin inganta Properties na wannan sabon nakiyoyi, Nobel halitta da ake kira ayukan iska mai ƙarfi gelatin ko collodion-Dynamite, wanda ya gelatinous jihar. Amma musamman yaduwar ba samu.

A abin da shekara Nobel ƙirƙira Dynamite?

Akwai 'yan kwanakin, amma idan muka yi a matsayin dalilin da lokaci na samu na da lamban kira, shi ne 1867.

Bayan da commencement wannan fashewar da aka sosai tartsatsi, kuma da yawa jin dadin da hako ma'adinai da gine-gine da kamfanonin, to da wani karami har - rundunar duniya.

A hakar gwal amfani Dynamite matsayin maimakon gunpowder. Idan aka kwatanta da shi, ya kasance yafi iko, sauƙi Drobil m yadudduka na dutse da kuma zauna kasa sarari. Ya kama da kananan kwali tube cika a cikinsa to saka fis din.

Nobel ma m kafa samar da Dynamite a mai kyau lokaci. A waɗannan shekaru, duk da cigaban kasashen duniya ciyar da grandiose yi da kuma hakar ma'adinai, misali, da kaddarorin sabon abu da aka nuna godiya a gina railroads a Amurka, da kuma daga baya - da Panama Canal.

A cikin soja masana'antu yi amfani da shi ne ba kamar yadda tartsatsi kamar yadda abada, kuma ya yi karko nitroglycerin, amma har yanzu yana da wani propensity zuwa fasa a sakamakon m handling, da kuma matsayin filler for bawo ba shige. Amma duk da haka wani ɗan gajeren lokaci da aka yi amfani da matsayin da irin wannan a cikin iska manyan bindigogi. Saboda haka a yanzu mun san wanda ƙirƙirarru, kuma da farko yi amfani da Dynamite - Alfred Nobel.

wayewar

A halin yanzu, wannan fashewar gaba daya daga amfani. Haka ya faru a farkon shekaru na XIX karni, a lõkacin da aka maye gurbinsu zo picric acid, sa'an nan TNT, domin shekaru masu yawa ya zama babban m. A karshen da more barga kuma resistant zuwa mai haɗari fasa. Yana iya ma ya ƙona ba tare da wani tsoro ba.

Amma duk da haka Dynamite taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin babban gini ayyukan da masana'antu, da sunan da ya zama kusan synonymous, kuma classic bayyanar gane kowa.