Picric acid: Dunkule bayanin abubuwa

Picric Acid - shi ne mai rikitarwa sinadaran abu wanda yake shi ne nitro wanda aka samu daga phenol. Af, wannan fili ne da aka sani a kimiyya a matsayin "TRINITROPHENOL". Abu da kanta da kuma ta salts ana amfani da nakiyoyi.

Picric acid: dabara da kuma jiki Properties

Trinitrophenol dabara ne kamar haka:

C6H2 (NO2) 3OH

A m tsari, picric acid ne mai ɗamfarar, wanda ya kunshi farantin-kamar lu'ulu'u. Irin wannan lu'ulu'u iya zama ko dai colorless ko da wani kadan yellowish tint. Da narkewa batu na wannan abu ya kasance + 122.5 digiri Celsius.

Trinitrophenol dandana sosai m, kuma ta ƙura irritates hanci Tsarki. Tsawo inhalation abubuwa cutarwa ga mutum kwayoyin, tun da shi take kaiwa zuwa guba, koda lalacewa da kuma bayyanar fata cututtuka. Abubuwa da makaruhai lamba tare da mucous membranes. Misali, conjunctiva ido bayan bugawa da shi picric acid ƙura zama rawaya.

Picric acid: sinadaran abun da ke ciki da kuma babban halaye

TRINITROPHENOL talauci mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, ko da yake yawan zafin jiki qara solubility sigogi ƙaruwa. Duk da haka, da manufa da sauran ƙarfi ga abu ne benzene kuma methanol, chloroform da acetone.

Picric acid ne ma iya kafa da ake kira eutectic garwayayye. Gaskiyar cewa babban narkewa batu da ke sa wasu fasaha matsaloli tare da kayan aiki na ammonium. Kuma a lokacin da samar cakuda trinitrokrezolom nitronaphthalene ko adadi iya partially rage.

Ya kamata kuma a lura da cewa TRINITROPHENOL - a wajen karfi acid, wanda shi ne hanzari da kuma rayayye shiga musayar halayen. The hulda daga karfe gishiri kafa - don haka ya kira picrates. Da aka fi amfani salts da gubar, sodium, da baƙin ƙarfe da alli. Sha'awa, picric acid salts ne mafi m, wanda na bukatar karin kulawa a samar da harsasai.

Picric acid da kuma fashewar na'urar

A tarihin shi ne na farko da TRINITROPHENOL tasiri fashewar. M Properties acid da kuma ta salts da aka samu a kusa da ƙarshen karni na sha takwas, amma amfani a baje a lokacin yaki da shi fara kawai a cikin 30s na XIX karni.

Amfani trinitrophenol ba wani sabon impetus ga ci gaban soja da fasaha. Gaskiyar cewa picrates da picric acid kanta tana da yawa mafi girma buga-hallakaswa Properties fiye da foda da aka yi amfani a cikin waɗannan kwanaki.

Ganiya da su shahararsa ta kai irin wannan bama-bamai a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu. A yau, wannan fasaha ne kusan ba amfani.

Yadda za a samu TRINITROPHENOL?

Picric acid iya samu a lokacin da kai tsaye nitration na phenol dauki tare da m yawa na nitric acid. Amma kafin tunanin game da inda saya nitric acid, shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa masana'antu tsari ko pikrina picrates matukar hatsari. Tarihi ya sani yawa related ban tausayi da suka faru.

Amfani picric acid

A gaskiya TRINITROPHENOL amfani ba kawai don ƙirƙirar nakiyoyi. Wannan dangane ne tartsatsi a cikin wasu sassa na masana'antu. Alal misali, pikrin ne tsaka-tsaki a cikin yi da wasu dyes.

The abu da aka gane a cikin kiwon lafiya filin, wanda aka yi amfani da wani lokacin a matsayin maganin antiseptik.

A samar da karafa picric acid da aka yi amfani da matsayin etchant. A sinadaran masana'antu da shi da ake amfani da matsayin mai kara kuzari a lokacin da Polymerization dauki. Daga shi ake shirya yadda pigments ga batawa histology ko samfurori domin yiwa awon dabbobi.