TU 22m3: jirgin sama bayani dalla-dalla (photos)

Supersonic m Tu-22M3 ne a halin yanzu da latest model jerin dogon zangon-kai harin codification «bata». Gyara na m-lissafi reshe da aka halitta domin maye gurbin wanda aka rabu amfani TU-16. A sabon "M3" ne iya kawo iko da makamai, shirya dabarun matsaloli, yin nesa flights. A International Nau'in Tu-22M3 kai harin kasance a cikin tsakiyar aji soja jirgin sama.

Manufofi da manufar

Makami mai linzami "M3" canji ne manufa domin hare-haren a kan ƙasa da tẽku, da wuraren da tashin. Beats ake samar da kuma gudanar da jirgin sama da makamai masu linzami. Tu-22M3 kai harin iya buga hari a jirgin sama kungiyar da kuma singly a kowane lokaci, ko da a cikin mafi m yanayin yanayi.

Kariya da kai hare-hare da za'ayi ta wajen musamman rediyo-lantarki danniya kutse da kuma na zamani iska defenses. Don kwanan wata, babu wani mafi m, wanda zai iya buga da optically ganuwa hari a mafi girma gudu fiye da Tu-22M3. Halaye na jirgin sama sanya shi ba makawa a lokacin da kai hare hare kananan sarari tare da wani matsakaicin tsawo. Don kwanan wata, wannan canji shi ne iya yi da wadannan ayyuka:

1. kayar muhimmanci daga wani soja ra'ayi na masana'antu wurare a maƙiyi ta raya.

2. Rushewar da raga a lokacin yaki dabarun da sojojin da kuma jirgin sama.

3. Attack jirgin kungiyoyin a lokaci guda tare da 'yan adawa anti-jirgin sama wuta.

4. kadaici buga makiya sojojin daga mai zuwa aiki reserves.

5. Sirri kutse da kuma amo kai hare hare da jirgin sama da kuma shiryar da makamai masu linzami.

6. Leken Asiri Management da iyakar da talakawan tsawo.

7. Saka hannu a cikin daban-daban ayyukan da iska rundunar sojojin tsaron kasar, navies da fronts.

Tarihi na halitta

Wide samar da canji TU-22M hampered da ci gaban da tsada da kuma fasahohi. Duk da haka, da zane da aka ɓullo da wani sabon tsarin kula da halittar duniya na buga m. Da farko, injiniyoyi watsi da ra'ayin guda-yanayin jirgin saman soja. Bayan nazarin duk cikakkun bayanai, sai suka yanke shawarar yi wani Multi-yanayin jiragen saman da za su iya rawar daji a daban-daban altitudes kuma gudu da kuma a lokaci guda ya hallaka abokan gaba da karfi tare da iyakar daidaici. The bayani shi ne gabatarwar manufar m lissafi fuka-fuki. Ba kamar baya model, da Tu-22M3 dogon zangon halaye ba ka damar yin tasowa daga mafi lodi daki ga warheads. A yanke shawarar tsirar da fadi da ya kai harin ya sanya a shekara ta 1974 a cikin majalisar ministocin kasar da na Tarayyar Soviet. Dalili na sabon inji tafi inganta Kuznetsov NK-25 engine. Duk da haka, a maye aikin da aka ba kudin. Halartar zamani da kuma makami mai linzami zane da kuma aerodynamics. A sakamakon haka, inganta aka rage muhimmanci nauyi na jirgin sama.

By karshen shekarar 1970 aka kaddamar da samar da manyan jam'iyyun "M3", wanda nan da nan bayan da gwajin shige da ma'auni na Soviet Air Force. Daya daga cikin manyan bambance-bambance daga baya model zai kara da sabawa kwana na reshe zuwa 65 °. Wannan yarda ka boye da kewaye fairing majalisai na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa juyawa naúrar. Har ila yau, an tsawo fuselage da kuma ingantattun fama kaya. Bugu da kari, a karon farko an yi amfani da contactless da hydro janareto a cikin wutar lantarki tsarin na Tu-22M3.

fasaha halaye

Tsarin m ne da karfe cantilever monoplane. Location of reshe - da talakawan, m, share. Tail naúrar - single-filafilin kifi. Shasi - retractable, tricycle. Abin lura a cikin Tu-22M3 bayani dalla-dalla gida. Yana zai iya saukar da har zuwa 4 mutane. A wannan yanayin, da ƙungiya sanya shi a cikin nau'i-nau'i: gaban - biyu matukan jirgin, bayan - da navigator da Navigator. A fuselage ma wakiltar wani karfe yi. A frame karfafa da a tsaye bim. Fuka-fuki - coffered, dvuhlonzheronnoe kunshi cibiyar reshe, Rotary raka'a da SCHK. All sassa ana juna integrally. Kamar yadda man fetur tankuna amfani caissons. Rapid maneuverability aka samu ta hanyar da bude yatsun a kan Consoles da uku sassan na juyawa naúrar. Tsaye wutsiya rada da kuma keel gabatar.

A musamman mota da jirgin sama Tu-22M3 halaye da damar cimma dirka a afterburner yanayin, har zuwa 20 dubu Sar. Kamar wancan matsakaicin gudun ne 2300 km / h, a cruising yanayin - 930 km / h.

management Features

A TU-makami mai linzami m 22m3 Matuka jirgin wakilci a tsaye da kuma mai gangara stabilizer, mugayen abokan gāba da rada kula da tsarin. Controllability aka samu ta m da kuma lilo memba. A hali na mai haɗari sabawa balance gudanar stabilizer.

Shi ne don samar da wani kara amfani Tu-22M3 kula da tsarin. Features na fuka-fuki shi zai yiwu a cimma wani mafi kyau duka auna daga hydromechanics Rotary aka gyara da kuma avionics lantarki. Tare da wannan m iya samar da kam a kusassari daga 20 zuwa 65 digiri. Console jirgin sama m rike a matsayin saboda gogayya. Babban abubuwa ne jirgin kewayawa kayan aiki ga abin da NK-45 hadaddun, da PNA radar da kuma Tantancewar gani OPB-015T, da kuma makami mai linzami shiriya tsarin da kuma atomatik tashar AFCS-145m. Sadarwa tsakanin ƙungiya cimma by SDA-7.

Arsenal da kuma kariya

Don kwanan wata, daya daga cikin mafi tsoron da kuma iko wajen iska hari ne kawai m Tu-22M3. Details na shock- kashi jirgin hujja. Amfani da makamai da supersonic jirgin sama - shiryar da makami mai linzami KH-22. Bugu da ƙari, m yana mai kwazo daki ga kayan aikin soji yan bindiga a sassa.

A vnutrifyuzelyazhnyh shigarwa da kuma waje ejection Consoles iya ninƙãya zuwa ga 10 X 15 irin roka. A gruzootseke akwai musamman jigajigan rataye da bama-bamai da kuma mahakar har zuwa 3000 kg. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa matsakaicin load cewa za a iya fuskantar wani jirgin sama ne game da 24 ton. Domin neman kariya daga abokan gaba hari da makami mai linzami sanye take da wani gun tsarin GS-23 tare da gina-in sarrafa kwamfuta naúra da kuma radar. Tsayayya tsangwama da kuma ganewa TU-kira 22m3 hadaddun "Ural-M".

fama da aikace-aikacen

M ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan iska yajin sojojin a lokacin Afghanistan yaki a marigayi 1988. A tashin a Chechnya a cikin sama sararin mamaye Tu-22M3 da MiG-31-MB. Hadin gwiwa da jirgin na supersonic jirgin sama da aka yi domin ya goyi bayan harin da jirgin sama saboda sallama flares.

A lokacin rani na 2008, da dama sabunta hanyoyin Tu-22M3 sanya wani duka nufin wani muhimmanci dabarun da maki na Jojiyanci sojojin a cikin ta Kudu Ossetia. Abin lura shi ne cewa babu wani daga cikin model a cikin jerin TU-22M taba yi a kan fitar da kaya, ko da yake ya sha nanata nuna sha'awa a kasar Sin da kuma India.

Major gyare-gyare

A lokacin akwai kawai biyu m bambancin m:

1. A cikin model TU-22m3M ya tuba sighting tsarin SVP-24-22. Zamani ya kuma halartar kewayawa da kwamfuta hadaddun.

2. TU-22m3R ne mai bincike da jirgin sama, wanda babban makasudin da aka jamming maƙiyi locator tsarin. Wannan canji bai samu m aikace-aikace.