Subaltern jami'an a Rasha: da take, da sunayen sarauta. Su wane ne "yara na manyan jami'an"?

Cif jami'in, ma'aikata jami'in - wani rabo daga cikin Rasha sojojin a cikin sahu na jami'an har 1917. A karshen kasance mafi girma - daga manyan to kanar. A shugabancin - a junior jami'in - daga ensign ga kyaftin. A ra'ayi na "junior" a cikin wannan harka dole ne a iya bambanta daga lokaci "tausayin jami'in" - da lakabi na miƙa mulki tsakanin sojoji da jami'an wanda ya ba musamman rarrabe sojoji wanda ba shi da suna na nobility.

An misalin za a iya sanya tare da wani zamani sojojin: ga lakabi na jami'in da bukatar hakan soja da ilimi, don haka akwai "tsaka" sahu - saja, kuma Kofur. Ci gaba kai tsaye da darajõji manyan jami'an.

ensign

Non-izini jami'an - manyan jami'an, sawa a bin wani star (a wasu embodiments, wani daya) - shi ne mafi ƙasƙanci daraja, a cikin hanyar wani jami'in ta aiki. A manyan bindigogi da cewa suna bai wanzu - shi corresponded zuwa bayoneti wani ɗan jam'iyyar kadet. Saboda haka, ensign ne daya daga cikin manyan haruffa a "Bela" M. Yu. Lermontova - Pechorin.

Lieutenant, ƙaho da ƙaho

Cif jami'an ma zai iya zama da lakabi na biyu leftana. A cikin uniform su iya ganin biyu taurari. Ƙaho ƙaho a cikin dawakan da kuma daidaita zuwa ga daraja da biyu leftana. A farko suna a wannan harka ya faru ne kawai a cikin Cossacks, na biyu - da sauran sojojin doki fama makamai. A wannan daraja corresponded Navy midshipman.

Ya kamata a fahimci cewa a cikin Army da Navy duk lokacin da akwai soja da sake fasalin. Manyan jami'an da aka ma hannu a gare su. Tun 1884 Ensign suna da aka soke, da farko junior jami'in rank ƙaho kuma ya zama na biyu leftana.

leftana

Cif shugabanni da lieutenants samu title. A Cossack sojoji zuwa ya tarye su jarumin. Lieutenants sa kafada madauri da uku da taurari a kan kowane. Af, wannan lakabi ne na kowa a daban-daban haruffa a na gargajiya Rasha wallafe-wallafe. Kuma abin da ke cikin bayani: leftana - mutane da matasa, amma ba majiya karfi. Yanzu sun yi "adult" kurakurai da kuma auna daidai ba. Daga cikin su akwai hasara a katin, da heroes da matsorata, da sauransu. Lieutenant yayi dace da daraja na Lieutenant a cikin zamani Rasha sojojin.

kyaftin

The title of sojan doki kyaftin a layi tare da daraja na ma'aikatan-kyaftin, da Cossacks - podesaula. Sun sa insignia da hudu taurari a kan kowane. Bari mu tuna sake da samfurin na M. Yu. Lermontova "A Hero of Our Lokaci". Akwai wannan daraja sa sauki da kuma Dobryy Maksim Maksimovich.

kyaftin

Kyaftin - da hakan ne jami'in rank. The sojojin doki sootvetstoval shi kyaftin, da kuma Cossacks - Cossack kyaftin. A kyaftin a umurnin a kamfanin ko baturi, da kyaftin - a rundujar soja masu dawaki.

Leib-Grenadier rajimanti

Special daraja a Rasha sojojin amfani da jami'in da Life Grenadier rajimanti. Waɗanda suka sa take, ko da yaushe yi a kan wannan mayar da hankali a wani hira.

Leib-Grenadier rajimanti - Elite na Rasha na mallaka Army. Yana samu da sunan da daga hannu gurnati da fis - Grenada. Da farko Grenadiers - wannan shi ne sojojin da suka jẽfa wadanda gurneti. Yana da ya wajaba da sauri don samun kusa ga makiya. Estestestvenno cewa Grenadiers sha wahala mafi girma hasarori a cikin fadace-fadace. Domin su, mun ko da yaushe sanya wani togiya a cikin doka, kuma idan jawo ra'ayinsu ma'aikata.

A 1756, a Riga, shi aka kafa pery Grenadier rajimanti da umurnin Empress Elizabeth. Kafin wannan, shi ne na biyu kamfanin na grenadiers a cikin dakaru regiments. Da farko Grenadier rajimanti heroically nuna kansa da a yakin Kunersdorf a cikin shekaru bakwai 'War. Shi ne ya kai hari yanke shawarar sakamakon duka yaƙi. A 1760, naúrar dauki Berlin unguwa. A rajimanti bambanta domin ƙarfin zuciya a Rasha-Turkish yaƙe-yaƙe, da kuma a 1775 ya aka bayar da lakabi - Life Grenadier rajimanti. Ku bauta wa da aka dauke shi mai daraja, da kuma tsaurara selection na cikin 'yan takara gudanar da da saye.

The nobility a matsayin factor a daukar ma'aikata da jami'an

Dole ne mu manta cewa jami'an a Rasha kafin juyin juya halin - shi ne ba kawai wani soja post, amma kuma da jama'a suna. Kafin juyin juya halin da aka dauke shi synonymous da manufar "daraja", kamar yadda shi ne daga cikin nobility, wanda ya dauke shi ya bi da Fatherland sabis, staffed tare da sanda. A wannan jiha da kuma ba su da gata. Kawai hafsan soja ta sabis da za a gani a cikin jarumawa wurinsu kyakkyawan zarafi aji.

Ba da gangan, da Bolsheviks lokacin juyin juya halin a cikin wani mummunan hanya amfani da Kalmar "jami'in", yana jaddada da zamantakewa aji. A lokacin Soviet sojojin da sake fasalin a lokacin Great Patriotic War, da yawa Soviet fama rabo kwamandan da kuma kungiyar soja shugabannin suka yi yãƙi, a cikin yakin basasa na Red Army, rubuta rahotanni a kan taro layoffs. Suka ce cewa Kalmar "jami'in" ana riskarsa a cikin zukatansu, kamar yadda "abokan gaba", "daraja", don haka ba za su iya kai da suna na "Soviet sanda."

Sa'an nan da dalili to ire ne kamar haka: Jamus barazana ba ga Soviet gwamnatin, da mahaifarsa, don haka ya zama dole su manta da akida da siyasa da bambance-bambance da kuma kare moriyar Rasha. A gyara halitta da wani ruhu na cin gaba da sarki soja nasarori. Har sai, ta haramta duk wani ambaci daraja nasarori na Rasha generals a cikin pre-neman sauyi lokaci.

"Bani manyan jami'an"

Ko Petr Veliky gane cewa m caste tsarin a Rasha adversely rinjayar da ci gaban jihar: kusan dukkan al'ummar a Jihar apathy da kuma rashin tunani. Manyansu san cewa a wani hali za su motsa har da aiki tsani. Others, a akasin haka, fahimta cewa, a karkashin wani yanayi ba shi yiwuwa a "tsalle a kan kansa." Mai girma kawo canji m ƙarni-old hadisin: a cikin ranking kasance sunã sahu guda, wanda zai iya daga baya ciyar da su duk azuzuwan.

Revolutionary shi ne cewa bayan kai da daraja na mutum nemowa sunan wani bafada. Ya nan gaba yara ma suna da hakkin su sami wannan lakabi. A gaskiya ma, akwai wani juyin juya halin da soke m caste tsarin a cikin kasar. Duk da haka, waɗanda yara, waɗanda aka haifa har ubansu so daraja da ake sa matsayi na musamman - " 'ya'yan (yara) manyan jami'an."

Saboda haka, za mu bayyana a more daki-daki abin da yake a cikin wannan hali da nobility. A matsayin ɗan jami'in iya samun gatan suna? Kawai sirri abin yabo. Gama dukan sauran labari na musamman-kebe kamfani cewa yana sama da asali matsayi, amma a kasa da nobility. Daga baya, a 1832, "yara na manyan jami'an" zai sami matsayi na musamman - "m 'yan ƙasa".