Sturmovik "Rook" Su-25: description, dalla-dalla, photos

Events a Siriya da kuma sa hannu a cikin Rasha iska kungiyar kusantar da hankali ga harkokin fasaha shakatawa na mu Air Force. Ba zai zama da ma'ana a ɗauka cewa za a hannu a cikin mafi zamani da jirgin sama, a matsayin quantitatively kananan contingent da manufa a} asar waje. Daga cikin daban-daban da jirgin sama, ciki har da latest, da hankali ne kõma zuwa Su-25 'Grach' bayyana kanta ko a lokacin Afghanistan yaki. Mene ne wannan? Wannan inji aka sani na da yãƙi halaye game da ita Legends.

Ana zargin manufar

Bukatar irin wannan na'ura Soviet soja ji a cikin biyu da rabi na 60s. The rare misalai na jirgin kayan aiki da Tarayyar Soviet Air Force a wancan lokacin sun m fama da jirgin sama MiG-21, MiG-23, MiG-19, Su-7B da Yak-28. Wasu daga cikin su a lokacin motsa jiki za'ayi da kai hari da farmaki a kan matsayin da abunda aka kwaikwaya maƙiyi, amma ko da daga baya masana sun bayyana cewa a wani real yaki, sakamakon irin wannan iska buga bazai yadda da ban sha'awa. Gaskiyar ita ce, abin da ya falalolin, wannan dabara da aka halitta ga sauran ayyuka. Mafi yawansu sun kasance hooks, retrofit waje majajjawa for ƙarin makamai aji "iska-ƙasar". Duk da haka, akwai stormtroopers (misali, wannan Su-7B), amma m ci gaba da iska tsaro gaban-line matakin a sansanin m makiya ba wahayi zuwa gare su da yawa fata. A da Vietnam War, wanda ya ba da wata dama ta musamman don nazarin da gwaninta na American matukan jirgi (sau da yawa m) da kuma gano janar image na hangen zaman jirgin sama ƙasa tallafawa ayyukan.

Tabbatar da dalilin da bukatun jaddadawa

A shekara ta 1969, da dama jirgin sama zane ofisoshin, ciki har da shahararrun (Mikoyan, Yakovlev, Ilyushin, Sukhoi), aka gayyace su shiga a cikin gasar domin mafi kyau aikin da jirgin sama na dabara goyon baya. Duk wadannan ofisoshin da nasu salon, da kuma makaranta abubuwan, ciki har da wadanda samu a lokacin da Mai girma Patriotic War. A cikin marigayi thirties kuwa bãbu wani wanin SV Ilyushin Ya halitta mai kyau hari da jirgin sama Il-2, dauke da fitar da wannan musamman fama aiki. Yanzu shi yana zana wani abu kamar wannan ba, amma tare da sabon jet lokaci. A jirgin sama, bisa ga sojoji, da zai yi da wadannan halaye:

• ikon taimaka yadda ya kamata zuwa ga ƙasa sojojin a kan gidan wasan kwaikwayo na ƙasar yaki.
• yin fama manufa a kusa da Agogon da kuma karkashin wani ganuwa, ko sifili.
• weatherproof.
• high survivability nuna da aiki counteraction da makiya da harbe-harben.
• tsanani firepower da kuma da dama daga makaman arsenal, ciki har da high-daidaici.
• jirgin sama ya zama mun gwada sauki, undemanding zuwa aiki yanayi da kuma sauki sarrafa.

A gasar da aka lashe Sukhoi, shi ya miƙa wani jirgin sama zane T-8, wanda ya zama samfur na wani sulke yaƙi jirgin sama "Grach" Su-25.

Shekaru goma na aikin

Babu bukatar magana a cikin daki-daki, game da yadda za a tsara shirin da jirgin sama. Da farko kashe ya yi a shekarar 1975 (Test Pilot - Ilyushin), kuma da wadannan yana da tsare-tsaren na serial samarwa (Tbilisi Aircraft Manufacturing) da aka harhada. Wani shekaru hudu suna aiki a karshe zane, da kuma a cikin shekarar 1979 edition fara. A aikin da aka kai M. P. Simonov da O. Samoylovich. A Su-25 'Grach "ya nuna m yi haka da cewa ya aka nan da nan da hannu a cikin fama ayyukan kan Afghanistan ta larduna, da ciwon haka gwajin aiki a karkashin anihin yanayi.

zane

A surface, wannan jirgin sama homely, shi yana da yawa "humpbacked" silhouette, ya sa ta girma man fetur tank located bayan da Matuka jirgin ba, amma da alama shi ne m. Su-25 'Grach "da aka gina a kan wani al'ada monoplane makirci. Vysokoraspolozhennoe reshe, fuselage riveted. Su launin gashi kuma babu daban-daban don wani asali. Wing dogon, a total yanki na 30 sq. m, tare da low shafa. Babu wani abu abin mamaki a cikin wannan: da Su-25 'Grach "- subsonic hari da jirgin sama, babban gudun shi ba a bukata. Yana iya zama stably nutse har da shugaban digiri 30 a 700 km / h. Tricycle saukowa kaya, hanci strut an gudun hijira domin ba a tsoma baki tare da gun. Fuel tankuna na biyar: biyu a cikin jirage, daya ne dake cikin cibiyar sashe da biyu mafi ciki da fuselage. Suna tsara don uku ton na kananzir. Fasali mai bayar da hawa biyu mafi rataye kwantena. A general, mai duban farko "Grach" Su-25 - wani al'ada da jirgin sama, ba tare da wahala ba. Ayyukan al'ajibai bayyana a kusa dubawa na da fasali.

Armor ne da karfi

Na ra'ayi kama wani m zumunta na Il-2 ne da ikon aiki a low altitudes karkashin wuta daga anti-aircraft bindigogi da yiwu roka iska tsaro tsarin. Saboda haka, jirgin iya tsayayya da wadannan hallakaswa dalilai, designers da kyawawan tricky. SU-25 "Rook" - gashi subsonic hari - kunshi fiye da 7% na yawan taro na m kariya wajen. A musamman wannan yana zartuwa ga matukin jirgi. Bayan ta karfe headrest inuwõyi, gaban - m triplex 6.5-inch broneblok, kuma a tarnaƙi - mai nauyi-taƙawa titanium. Yadda ya kamata kare m aka gyara da kuma majalisai, duplicated tsarin. A sosai wuya aiki da aka ma "Stinger" kayar da Su-25 'Grach ". Soviet sulke subsonic hari da jirgin sama koma zuwa hadahada da dama hujin harsashi, da kuma wani lokacin tare da vyvorochennye engine a kan daya sauran.

firepower

Home m ikon wannan hari da jirgin sama sanya karkashin jirage, a goma kullin waje dakatar. Takwas daga cikinsu an tsara don taro semitones. Total fama load - 4.4 m Don kwatanta, safarar AN-26 daukan kan jirgin game 6 ton na kaya .. Number of makamai domin yin amfani da iska, kai da adadi na 32, da kuma shi za a iya saka a kan pylons a da dama haduwa, ciki har da shiryar da unguided makamai masu linzami da aka tsara don halakar da ƙasa kuma iska hari, da bama-bamai na iri daban-daban tankuna da napalm (500 kg) da kuma dakatar gun pods. Akwai kuma gina-in biyu-ganga gun Dutsen zamo 30mm (GSH-30). Shi ne ko da wuya a yanke shawara a kan yadda za su yadda ya kamata kira Su-25 'Grach "ko" tashi tank "? A kwatanta shi ne ba a cikin ni'imar da ƙasar "abokan aiki".

Kula game da matukin jirgi

A lokacin babban Patriotic matukan jirgin, sau da yawa stormtroopers mutu. Shafi yanayi na musamman na fama da aiki, low tsawo da kuma rashin catapults. Wurin zama K-36L, wanda aka sanye take da "Rook" Su-25, za su ajiye matukin jirgi, ko idan suna bukatar su bar cikin mota a sifili tsawo a gudun dubban kilomita awa. Yana iya zama ko sume (misali, fuskantar wasu batattun sifofi obalodi), wanda idan da aikin tilasta kam kuma a barga matsayi a sarari za a iya gyara ta atomatik. Bugu da kari, rayuwar da matukin jirgi rike da aka ambata riga makamai tare da wani babban mataki na tsaro. Domin duk lokacin da na aiki, ciki har da a fama yanayi, saboda mutuwar wani matukin jirgi a cikin iska ya ba su rasa wani daga cikin Su-25 'Grach ". Armor hari tsayayya ko da wani kai tsaye hit da wani manyan bindigogi harsashi.

A yaƙin

"Ya sanya ya halarta a karon" wannan jirgin sama, kamar yadda aka ambata a cikin wannan labarin, a cikin zafi sama na Afghanistan. Idan a farkon rikicin Soviet Air Force ji mun gwada lafiya, sa'an nan da tsakiyar eighties, mãsu jihãdi da dakarun samu daga "American abokai" šaukuwa iska tsaro da tsarin, wanda ƙwarai wahalad biyu sufuri da kuma kisa na fama manufa. Duk da haka, matukan jirgi, matukin jirgi da Su-25 'Grach' shekara takwas na yaki yi game da 60,000 sorties, kowanne daga abin da ya kasance quite tasiri. Dalilin high rates zama sighting tsarin ASP-17BTS-8, wanda ya samar da daidaito na hit, kuma da yawa wasu avionics aka gyara sanya a ciki har da yin amfani da Laser fasaha. A muhimmanci rawa da zafi tarkuna, karkacewar "Stingers" na jirgin sama, - su suna yadu amfani da sauran Soviet jirgin sama a kan wani jirgin a kan Afghanistan wasan kwaikwayo da yadda ake gudanar. A DRA rasa 23 jirgin sama "kai hari a kan harbi saukar da" kaddarance 2800 hours (shi ke mai yawa). Aircraft "Grach" Su-25 za'ayi 139 gabatar da high-daidaici shiryar da makamai masu linzami a kan mãsu jihãdi da juriya da maki, da kuma biyu kawai daga cikinsu kai manufa.

Stormtrooper ya zama babban "workhorse" a lokacin da na farko Chechnya yakin (1994-1996), a cikin wannan lokaci, da 'yan bindiga suka harbe saukar da raka'a hudu. Babbar gudunmawar da biyu lokaci na rikici, bayan da a cikin ƙasa karshe a zaman lafiya.

Excellent yi, AMINCI da sauki daga cikin jirgin sama da gudummawar da ya ba a kasashen waje. Shi ne a cikin sabis tare da kasashe da dama, ciki har da mallakar Warsaw yarjejeniya. Yana da bakin ciki, amma mafi kyau talla ga wani soja jirgin sama ne da hannu a cikin gida yaƙe-yaƙe, wanda a karshen XX da farkon na XXI ƙarni isa. A Soviet hari ya yi yaƙi a Angola (1975-2002), Iraki (1980-1988), Tajikistan (1992-1997), Abkhazia (1992-1993), Karabakh (1991-1994), da Congo, da Habasha, (1998-2000), Macedonia ( 2001), kuma a Iraki (1991) da kuma sauran "zafi spots". Sad jerin a 2014 Ukraine ci gaba.

Gaba na dogon sabis

A lokacin "babban aminci" da Amurka shi ne wani nau'i ne na "musayar kwarewa" sojoji na biyu superpowers, a lokacin da suka samu damar gwada samfurori daban-daban makamai. A musamman, da Amurka matukan jirgin sun iya tantance yiwuwar jirgin na Su-25 'Grach ". Gogaggen matukan jirgin wanda ya bauta wa da yawa shekaru a Amurka Air Force, ya kai ga cikakken ni'ima daga unsightly view jirgin sama, wanda ya juya ga zama sosai dace don sarrafa. Duk da nagari shekaru na ci gaba da kuma ainihin ƙarshe ta samar, hari da aka ba su ƙãre ta yiwuwa. A halin yanzu, rundunar sojin sama da kuma Navy na Rasha Federation ne a kan wajibi game da 240 "Rooks" na daban-daban gyare-gyare. Bugu da kari, rundunar sojojin na sauran jihohi a wani sauri aika da shi a cikin ja da baya. Mafi yawan su a Belarus (game da mutum ɗari) da kuma Ukraine (35), amma su soja matuka piloting dozin kasashen. Tun 1999, shi da za'ayi zurfin zamani na fasaha shakatawa na Rasha Air Force, ciki har da Su-25 'Grach ". Rasha sulke subsonic hari da jirgin sama zã ta kasance a sabis har a kalla 2020.