Revolutionary Nechaev Sergey Gennadevich: biography, nasarori da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Sergey Gennadevich Nechaev - sauyi da kuma nihilist. The shugaban na "Mutane da azãbar". Wakiltar irin wannan shugabanci kamar yadda Rasha neman sauyi ta'addanci. An kama shi da kurkuku domin kisan kai da dalibi Ivanov. A labarin ne taƙaitaccen biography na neman sauyi.

yara

Nechaev Sergey Gennadevich aka haife shi a Ivanovo a 1847. yaron ta iyali ya kasance matalauta. Mahaifinsa aiki a matsayin artist da kuma matsayin sabis. Da uwarsa mutu a lokacin da Sergei yana da shekara takwas. Mahaifinsa aure sake, da kuma nan gaba na neman sauyi 'yan'uwa biyu nan da nan ya haifar. Suka zauna a wani biyu-bedroom gidan da kakaninku maza da mata. A cikin matasa, Nechayev riga san abin da zamantakewa rashin daidaito. Da zarar Sergei ya shekaru goma da haihuwa, mahaifinsa ya sanar da shi na bauta wa banquets da kuma shirya "gofer" a factory. Amma da gwarzo wannan labarin ba ya so ya yi aiki wani bawansa.

Learning

A 1865, Nechaev Sergey Gennadevich koma Moscow. Akwai, saurayin samu aiki mataimakin tarihi M. P. Pogodina. A shekara daga baya, Sergei zarce zuwa arewa babban birnin kasar, ya wuce da jarrabawa a malami da kuma fara koyar da a kanta makaranta. Tun da kaka na 1868 wani saurayi ya mai sa kai a St. Petersburg University. A wannan wuri ne ya gana da Rasha anti-gwamnati wallafe-wallafe. Nechayev koya game da Mikhail Bakunin, Petrashevists da Decembrists. Ba da da ewa Sergei ya daya daga cikin dalibi kungiyoyin da gane shi ƙasarsa ta kashi. Ya bar dukan abubuwa, kusan watsi da sabis da kuma gaba daya kishin kansa zuwa wani sabon sha'awa. Ashirin-shekara dalibi kiran wani malami da sana'a da kuma tsara manufa a rayuwa - "a siyasa, da zaman juyin juya halin."

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Nechaev Sergey Gennadevich da sanin cewa wani juyin juya halin da ba zai iya yi shi kadai. Saboda haka, matasa mutumin da aka bukata majiɓinta. Amma ya juya waje don zama sosai matsala: Sergey kawai san da mutane da kuma san yadda za sadarwa mara kyau. Nechayev rasa tabbatar da dalilin da kuzari, amma kurtu dalibai ya ba aiki. Ya tsoratar da ita da ƙarfin hali da kuma bege, rash impetuosity da kuma kira ga zanga-zangar. A sakamakon haka, a gaskiya kashi na free-tunanin dalibai ya sanar da kauracewa gasar.

Geneva

Sergey Gennadevich Nechaev, wanda biography ne saba wa duk magoya na tarihin juyin juya hali, yanke shawarar amfani da wani daban-daban tsarin kula da kurtu magoya bayan. Kamar yadda ka sani, mutane je wa waɗanda suka yi iko. Kuma don samun shi, kana bukatar ka zauna a kurkuku. zai yiwu kama da tsare mataki don hanzarta aiwatar. Kuma ina yi Nechayev - jẽfa wani rubutu na zargin dauke shi zuwa kurkuku 'yan sanda karusa. Amma ya Sergei tafi Geneva (Switzerland), inda ya fatan goyon bayan Ogarev, Herzen da Bakunin. Biyu na farko ba ya so ya magance ta'addanci da ya tsufa, salama sukar gwamnatin Rasha ta cikin jaridar "The Bell". Kuma a nan a M. A. Bakunina ya fi aiki matsayi. Bayan duk, a lokacin da wannan juyin ya kusan rasa kansa saboda hannu a cikin Dresden da Prague ta rare yunkurin. Mihail Aleksandrovich ɓullo da kansa falsafa - anarchic. Ya unshi maye gurbin ƙasar free m al'umma kula da manufa da "kasa-up". Wannan ra'ayin Bakunin so su aiwatar da shekaru da yawa. Yana da ya wajaba ne kawai a sami masu sa kai da suke da ikon hallaka a jihar.

Babu shakka, cewa Mihail Aleksandrovich dauke Sergey da mutum ga hannunsa ya iya kawo su a Rasha saving wuta rashin tsari. To, bari kawai Nechayev zurfin tunani zuwa ga abin da ya so - a da yawa da kuma iko sirrin jama'a cewa shi ne karkashin iko da Sergei wuya da kuma ko da yaushe a shirye a yi tawaye. Domin Bakunin aka procured daga Ogarev da Herzen Bahmetevskogo kudi daga Asusun da saurayi yana da msar tambayar goyon baya. A musamman, da Anarchist gwarzo wannan labarin ya taimaka don saki sanannen "Catechism of wani juyin juya hali."

Amma babban abu - Mihail Aleksandrovich Nechayev rubuta wani karya umarni. Wannan daftarin aiki ya Sergei izini da aiki a madadin na "duniya mai neman sauyi ƙungiyar na mambobi ne na Rasha sashen." A kasa ya da gaske sa hannu na Bakunin. Bayan samun irin wannan babbar tallafa, Nechayev koma zuwa Rasha, jin kamar real neman sauyi. Ya da wani tunani na nan gaba da kuma ba ya son a anarchism na Bakunin. Nechaev Sergey Gennadevich dogara kawai a kan postulates ya Catechism, daya daga wanda karanta: "A juyin juya halin Musulunci raina wani doctrinairism. Shi ne sha'aninsu dabam wadanda mutane kimiyya. Ya bar shi zuwa ga hukuncin da nan gaba. Juyin-juya sani kawai daya kimiyya - da kimiyya halaka. "

Abin baƙin ciki, Nechayev ya iya yaudarar kõwa ba kawai ta 'yan'uwanmu dalibai, da Gendarmerie da Geneva baƙi, amma kuma da kansa. Sun mutãne suka yi ĩmãni, a nasu iko a kan duk-m neman sauyi kungiyar. Bayan ya dawo a babban birnin kasar ta kunshi kawai kamar wata dama kore dalibai.

laifi

A 1869, juyin juya halin Musulunci ya shirya da kisan da takwaransa I. I. Ivanova. Wannan al'amari ya bayyana wani daga cikin biography. Sergei Nechayev aikata shi ga dalibi ya ƙi zuwa cika da umarni. The saurayi aka aiki a madadin kamfanin "Mutane na kisan kiyashin da" tare da babban cibiyar a Geneva, wanda, ba shakka, bai zama a cikin yanayi. Saboda haka, Sergey halitta a hankali da na ga daya. Kuma saboda ya yi kawai hanya daya daga - mutuwa. Nechayev tare da abokan aiki lured da m Ivanov a kan wani wõfintattu yawa, inda aka ma ure shi. Gawar wani dalibi kokarin nutsar a cikin Neva. The laifi ne aka aikata a kan amateurish, don haka bincikensa, sun bayyanar da shi a kawai kamar wata biyu. Duk da mahalarta da aka kama da kuma sa a kan shari'a. Kawai babban m gudanar ya tsere waje.

A hukunci da mutuwa

Revolutionary Nechaev Sergey Gennadevich, wanda biography da aka gabatar a sama, kuma ya isa a Switzerland. The saurayi yayi kokarin tayar da tsakanin Rasha baƙi halitta su na farko jabu. Tsananta bloodhounds na siyasa kontrpolitsii Willy-nilly gudummawar da tabbatarwa daga cikin juyin juya halin Musulunci suna Nechayev. Amma har yanzu tuna a matsayin Sergei ta rũɗe Bakunin kokarin ci da ceto cikin magada daga marigayi Herzen. Saboda haka, sahihanci a idanun a lokacin da jama'a iya ba neman sauyi. A karshen Yuli 1872 bayan da aka tone Nechaev aka kama da kuma aika zuwa Rasha.

A kotu yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 20 na naƙudarta da ƙungiyoyin azãba. Amma Nicholas II quashed da hukuncin bugun jini na alkalami, tun da ya yanke shawarar shiga cikin sansanin soja na Sergey rayuwa. Daidai shekaru 13 bayan kisan da juyin juya halin Musulunci ya mutu a wani kurkuku, shan azaba da Loneliness, tamowa, kuma cuta.