Rasha Space Art. Rasha ideas cosmism

A nan gaba na bil'adama ... Wannan topic ya ko da yaushe aka daukarsa tare da babban amfani a duka biyu da ke gabashin da kuma Turai falsafa hadisin. Amma a cikin biyu da rabi na karni na 20th, da girmamawa da ya canja da cika fuska: mutane ba mafarki game da wani kyakkyawan nan gaba, amma kuma ya nemi mafi kyau hanyoyin da za a cimma shi. Kuma a hanya ya bayyana halitta tambaya: "Shin yana yiwuwa a nan gaba bisa manufa" yawan makaman nukiliya a duniya da kuma yiwuwar muhalli da bala'i ba da damar mu mu ba da wani m amsar. Mafi Girma munasaba samu fahimtar da matsaloli a cikin dangantakar dake tsakanin mutum da yanayi, kazalika da dangantakar da ke tsakanin mutane. Saboda da tattaunawa da wadannan matsaloli, akwai da dama da hadisai. Space Art a Rasha falsafa ne ɗaya daga cikinsu. A da shi mu tattauna a wannan talifin.

definition

Sunan "Rasha Space Art" ya bayyana a cikin 60s, a lokacin da mutane hanzari fara'a game da nazarin sararin samaniya da kuma Rokon zuwa kusan manta gãdon K. E. Tsiolkovskogo. Sa'an nan suka rungumi mai fadi da kewayon Rasha al'ada a cikin marigayi 19th - farkon karni na 20th. Its ababuwa wakilan sun kasance a Shayari - Bruce, Tiutchev. a music - Scriabin. zanen - Nesterov. A falsafa shugabanci da aka kafa a kusa da ra'ayoyi na K. E. Tsiolkovskogo (goyan bayan irin wannan manyan masana kimiyya a matsayin V. I. Vernadsky kuma A. L. Chizhevsky) da kuma aiki N. F. Fodorova.

Da farko cosmists masana falsafa yayi tunani da yiwuwa ga kara ci gaba da mutãne. Hakika, saboda da hanyar rayuwa da kuma tunani style na mawallafa, ayyukansu sun sosai daban-daban. Amma, duk da wannan, su iya samun mai yawa na kowa ideas cewa gaba da kuma ci gaba da juna da kuma samar da cikkaken sabon Trend in Russian falsafa.

Babban ra'ayin

Cosmism Rasha farko substantiated da ra'ayin da daidaituwa da dukan mutane, tushen ba kawai a kan siyasa da akida dalilai, amma a halin kirki da kuma muhalli. Saboda haka, mafi muhimmanci alama kafa falsafa shugabanci - a baya m fili irin matsaloli kamar yadda kafa a duniya a fraternity, sarari ci gaba da kuma adana yanayi.

Kwatance Rasha cosmism

Akwai da dama, amma babban yayi ne kawai biyar. Wasu daga cikin su muka ambata a sama. Wanda zai gabatar da cikakken jerin:

• Halitta-kimiyya (Tsiolkovsky, Vernadsky, Chizhevsky).
• Addini-falsafa (Fedorov).
• Artistic kuma shayari (Morozov Sukhovo-Marelin, Bruce, Odoyevski, Tjutchev).
• Esoteric (Roerich).
• Noosphere (Ƙayayuwa, Akimov, Dmitriev).

Kasa mu magana game da wakilan da farko biyu kwatance.

Progenitor cosmism

Cosmism kafa da kuma most wakilin ne Nikolai Fedorovich Fedorov. Ya taba karatu falsafa da fasaha. Fedorov da samun wani mai rai koyarwa na farko, sa'an nan aiki a library. 'yan kaxan daga cikin ayyukan da aka buga a lokacin da yake rayuwa Nikolai Fedorovich. Amma isasshen daga wadannan wallafe zuwa yawa da masana falsafa da kuma marubuta sun iya sha'awan da ra'ayoyin. Musamman m reviews zo daga A. M. Gorkogo, F. M. Dostoevskogo kuma L. N. Tolstogo.

Ra'ayoyi da yawa da aka tsara cosmism Rasha Fedorov a cikin aikinsa "The Falsafa na kowa hanyar." Ya yi imani da cewa hanyar disharmony a cikin dangantakar mutum da yanayi da yake a cikin rikice na karshe rayuwa. Kuma da yanayin da ya sume ayyukan matsayin maƙiya karfi. Kawai wannan ikon iya rinjayi ta wajen mutum dalili. A Falsafa yi imani da cewa "mutane da su sa a duniya da jituwa da kuma sa abubuwa domin a can." Tare da wannan juyin yanayi ya canza daga maras wata-wata ga sane sarrafawa.

janar tsari

Rasha falsafa, Rasha Space Art dã ya kasance iya tsammani ba tare da ra'ayoyi na Fyodorov a kan aiwatar da wani janar tsari. Wajibi ne a cike da rata tsakanin yanayi da mutum. A daidai wannan psychophysiological tsari yakan haifar da iko da mu ciki ƙarfi. A waje wãtsa daga wannan duniya tamu zuwa sararin samaniya da kuma hada da dama matakai:

1. Meteoric tsari (abu - da Earth).
2. Planetary astroregulyatsiya (abu - hasken rana tsarin).
3. Space (abu - talikai).

Tare da nassi daga wadannan matakai na bil'adama za su gama dukan data kasance star halittu. Ba zato ba tsammani, da Rasha Space Art matsayin falsafa Trend ya taso daidai saboda wannan ra'ayin. Saboda haka Nikolai Fedorovich iya amince a kira baiwa.

Duk da utopianism na Fedorov yawa theories, zamani Art Space (Rasha) professes da yawa daga cikin ra'ayoyin da ya bari gado: projectivity ilmi da synthetism, tsari na rayuwar al'umma da kuma halitta da matakai, da kusa dangane da halin kirki da kuma ilimi, harkar rayuwar mutum, kuma haka a kan ..

Hudu ka'idojin Tsiolkovsky

Gagarumin tasiri a kan Art Space a Rasha falsafa yana Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky. Ya aka sani a matsayin wani asali zurfin tunani, mai almarar kimiyya marubuci, kuma mai bãyar da Astronautics da kuma roka kuzarin kawo cikas.

Tsiolkovsky yi imani da cewa mu na duniya za a iya bayyana kawai tare da cosmic ra'ayi. A duniya gaba - shi ne mai nazarin sararin samaniya mutane. Duk da mu ayyukan dole ne mayar da hankali a kan inganta hulda tsakanin sarari da kuma mutum. Kebewa na fasaha kwayoyin daga dogara cikin sharuddan da mazauninsu - daya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na ci gaba. Tsiolkovsky tunanin cewa nazarin sararin samaniya iya kawo mutane ga juna cikin na game jihar.

Akwai da dama na falsafa ka'idojin cewa underpin Tsiolkovsky. Rasha Space Art har yanzu suna da'awar. Wadannan hudu ka'idojin. Bari mu bincika su domin muhimmancin:

• Panpsihizm (ƙwarai fitarwa na sararin samaniya).
• Monism (Matter ne daya, da kuma da kaddarorin ne guda).
• A manufa na rashin iyaka (da ikon da cosmic hankali da kuma sararin samaniya ne m).
• A qa'ida ta kai-ƙungiya (duniyar ba ya gina da kansa tsarin).

Vernadsky ta noosphere

Ra'ayoyi da yawa da aka tsara cosmism Rasha Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky. Ya kasance ba kawai an yi fice halittu, amma kuma wani gagarumin zurfin tunani da kuma kirkiro ka'idar da Muciya, kuma ta mika mulki cikin noosphere.

VI Vernadsky, da kuma sauran wakilan waɗannan wurare kamar Rasha Space Art, imani da cewa ta hanyar kimiyya Adam zai iya iko da sararin samaniya da kuma zama alhakin da kansa makoma. Wannan za a iya bayyana ta da cewa "kimiyya aiki zai zama wani buɗi na ma'aunan kasa aiki mutum, kuma da shi za su haifar da wani musamman jihar na biosphere da kuma shirya ta sauya a cikin noosphere." Last zurfin tunani san yadda za a fadada shirin na wani m mutum aiki da nufin rike rayuwa a duniya a matsayin wani ɓangare na Muciya, sa'an nan a cikin hasken rana sarari, kuma a sakamakon riga bayan. A cewar Vernadsky, da sosai juyin halitta ya shirya shigarwa na bil'adama a wannan zamanin na cikin noosphere. A babban yanayin wannan sauyin - ƙungiyar na da m yanayi don bunkasa overall alheri mutane.

Solar aiki Chizhevskogo

Rasha falsafa, Rasha Space Art samu wani gagarumin goyon baya a ci gaba ta hanyar aikin Aleksandra Leonidovicha Chizhevskogo, a cikin abin da suka yi magana game da tasirin hasken rana aiki a kan tarihin 'yan adam.

Masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa juyin juya halin Musulunci upheavals faru a lokaci na mafi girma aiki na rana. Wannan sabon abu ne da maimaita a kan jinkiri na shekaru 11. Bi da bi, da goma sha-zagayowar kunshi kwanuka huɗu:

• Mafi qarancin excitability (3 years).
• Height excitability (2 years).
• Matsakaicin tasowar excitability (3 years).
• Ragewan da excitability (3 years).

Chizhevskogo ka'idar game da tasiri na hasken rana hadari a kan hali na wasu mutane da al'amarin rayuwa da kuma yanzu da mai fadi da rarraba.

ƙarshe

Saboda haka, mun dauke da Rasha Space Art matsayin falsafa Trend. Ya kamata a lura da cewa mutum ya dauki daruruwan shekaru samun wani m bayyanar, tare da wani karfi wayar da kan jama'a nasu na ibada. Wucewa da formative mataki duniya, wayewar dan adam ne ya bude sabon iri na ilmi, samar da sabon masana'antu da kuma ra'ayoyinsu na falsafa na kimiyya.

A halin yanzu mataki, a cikin ra'ayi na baya kwarewa, Adam ya kafa kansa a sarari tsarin da kuma tantance mafi amfani manyan al'amurra. Amma, kamar yadda a gabãnin haka, muna ba su samu amsoshin tambayoyi game da ma'anar rayuwa da kuma hoto na sararin samaniya a duniya. Kuma saboda mutane za su kullum da hali ya yi tunani, to, a can za su kasance kullum asirai, otgadki wanda bai wanzu ba.