Rasha cosmonauts. Tashi a cikin sarari tun shekara ta 1991

Space Age a tarihin 'yan adam ya fara a 1961. 12 ga watan Afrilu 1961, Yuriy Alekseevich Gagarin ya tashi a sararin samaniya, wanda a da yawa hanyoyi juya tarihin duniya. Ya zama na farko da mutum, wanda ya hau zuwa unprecedented Heights har zuwa wannan lokaci. Kafin wannan, da kumbon sama jannati Tarayyar Soviet ya yi sarari flights. A shekarar 1957 aka kaddamar da farko wucin gadi duniya da tauraron dan adam.

Rasha cosmonauts

A shekarar 1991, Tarayyar Soviet disintegrates. Main "sarari al'adunmu" sun Rasha, Ukraine da kuma Kazakhstan. A duk da zurfin matsalar tattalin arziki da kuma m m rikice-rikice, musamman a Rasha, ci gaban sarari shirye-shirye bai daina ba. Babu rabo a cikin jerin 'yan saman jannati zuwa Soviet da kuma zalla Rasha a kafofi da dama. Kuma duk da haka, da Rasha cosmonauts - wani sabon ƙarni na 'yan saman jannati suka yi aiki da kuma ci gaba da aiki a kan inganta kumbon sama jannati.

Daga shekarar 1961 zuwa 2014 tare da jefa shafukan "Baikonur" da kuma "Plesetsk" da aka sanya game da 248 flights. Daga shekarar 1991 zuwa 2014 ya gudanar 91 farawa. Wannan shi ne fiye da wata uku na dukan sarari gabatar da daga shafukan na tsohon Tarayyar Soviet da ya faru a lokacin da samun yancin kai daga kasar Rasha. Ganin babban kudin aiwatar da shirye-shirye na nazarin sararin samaniya, za mu lura cewa shi ne sallama mai yawa.

A farko Rasha cosmonauts 'yancin kai sau

A farko jirgin na kumbon sama jannati da Russia bayan shekarar 1991 da ya faru daga watan Maris zuwa Agusta 1992. Karimci, ya tsarkaka bayar da Kaleri Aleksandr Yurevich. Haife May 13, 1965 a Latvian birnin Jurmala. Ya sanya 5 sarari da, gudu (Agusta 1996-Maris 1997, Afrilu-May 2000, tawagoginsu da Amurka sama jannati a cikin lokaci daga Oktoba 2003 zuwa Afrilu 2004, daga Oktoba 2010 zuwa watan Maris na 2011).

Daga cikin na farko Rasha cosmonauts kuma iya rarrabe Avdeyev Sergey Vasilyevich, wanda ya sanya 3 fara. A farko ya faru a 'yan watanni bayan na farko da jirgin Kaleri - Yuli 17, 1992. Avdeev aka haife shi a wani gari da wani m sunan Chapaevsk cewa a cikin Kuibyshev yankin na RSFSR, a 1956. A farko jirgin nan ta tsaya a watan Fabrairu 1993. Har ila yau, wannan cosmonaut halarci hadin gwiwa manufa tare da US Space explorers (Satumba 1995-Fabrairu 1996). Na uku kuma na karshe na gudu da wata tawagar da Gennady Padalka da Yuriem Baturinym (ya a tashar daga Oktoba 1997 zuwa Yuli 1998).

Ta yaya zabin da 'yan takara don nazari a jirgin?

Akwai da dama sharudda da wanda hukumar na masana, wanda ya hada da 'yan saman jannati, ance yan takarar da suka iya bayan horo ya dauki bangare a cikin flights. Hukumar dubi na musamman soja matuka. Waɗannan su ne mutanen da suka shige asali horo da kuma iya aiki a cikin matsananci yanayi, da ciwon mai kyau jimiri da kuma daidaituwa. Hukumar ma daukan la'akari da wani hari da kwarewa, da tsawo a da tashi da wani dan takarar. Watakila mafi muhimmanci rarrabẽwa - a jihar kiwon lafiya na dan takarar a lokacin selection. A fili yake cewa shi yana zama cikakke.

Bayan na farko selection na 'yan takara aika zuwa horo na musamman. A horo Hakika iya daukar daban-daban yawa na lokaci. A duk ya dogara a kan abin da irin lokaci da aka shirya jirgin gaba. Rasha cosmonauts - mai girma Bakan'ane na motherland!

Space shirin a yau

Yawo a cikin sararin samaniya, Rasha ci gaba a yau. Don yin wannan, kafa da ake bukata, da horo da wurin. Suna dogara ne a kan kimiyya aukuwa na masana kimiyya sabon model na Spaceships. Ta yaya da yawa 'yan saman jannati a Rasha a yau ne aiki? Bisa kididdigar da, a 2014 - 47 mutane, ciki har da mace daya. Hakika, ba dukan su ba za su iya tashi zuwa sararin sama, amma kowa da kowa daukan bangare a cikin horo, gudana horo da aka gudanar a cikin dakunan da kuma a landfills. Bã su da wani burin - ya yi nasara da sarari, kuma ya kalli Duniya daga can!