Afrilu 12 - da rana cewa canza tarihi

Man da ya duba ko da yaushe a cikin sama. Riyãwa m halittu, ya yi magana game da wanzuwar mafi girma wanda yake suka zauna wani wuri mai nisa, na ƙirƙira Legends shiriritar game da halittu daga sama. Kuma kawai 'yan shekarun da suka gabata da suka wuce, karo na farko mutane sun iya duba bayan sararin sama.

Afrilu 12, 1961 - wani yini cewa canza tarihin da mutãne gabã ɗaya. Cewa wannan rana, da mazaunan duniya sarari kalubalanci.

Ta yaya shi duka ya fara?

Game da taurãri mutane sun yi mafarki na dogon lokaci, amma da farko ƙoƙari isa su fara dauka kawai a shekarar 1957, a lokacin da Duniya ta kewayewa na farko wucin gadi da tauraron dan adam da aka kaddamar. A watan Nuwamba na wannan shekara ya shiga sarari kare Laika, cewa ta soma nazarin sakamakon weightlessness a kan rayayyun kwayoyin halitta. Duk da haka, ya koma da ita gida duniya da aka daina ƙaddara. Gwaje-gwajen da shawo kan weightlessness ci gaba gabatar da na Duniya da tauraron dan adam da kuma Sun, sanannen jirgin na Belka da Strelka, aika roka zuwa Venus, kafa sadarwa tare da wani m abu daga Earth. The aikin yana da nauyi ƙwarai, ga ci gaban sabuwar kimiyya - Space - kashe kudi mai yawa, da kuma sakamakon ga dukan mutane, ba su kasance musamman sha'awar a ci daga Extraterrestrial sarari ya Afrilu 12, 1961 - da rana ta farko mutum ya tafi a cikin sarari.

Yuri Gagarin

Da zarar Yuri Gagarin kuma ba zai iya tunanin cewa daga wani sauki Caster (wato, cewa ya ƙware da fasaha bayan makaranta da kuma institute), sai ya juyo ya shigo duniya ta farko cosmonaut. Rekõdinsa canza sojojin, inda ya yi aiki a jirgin sama. Bayan demobilization, Gagarin yanke shawarar zama a gwajin na sabon Flight fasahar - don haka a cikin Tarayyar Soviet (unofficially, ba shakka) ya kira Spaceships. Kuma a shekara daga baya ya fara shirye-shiryen da farko manned jirgin cikin sarari. Future 'yan saman jannati sun tsanani likita Nazarin, horar da a mafi m a lokacin da inji, kyale su su kara daidaita da yanayin weightlessness. Kwanaki hudu kafin nan a abubuwan da suka faru na matukin jirgi na "Gabas" da aka nada Yuri Gagarin ne. Afrilu 12 daga Baikonur kaddamar da farko jirgin tare da wani mutum a kan jirgin.

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Amma jirgin kanta bai kawo karshen quite hanyar da aka shirya. A sarari, Gagarin yi kadan fiye da awa daya, duk abin da aka faruwa da kyau, xan sama jannatin kullum ya ba da rahoton kan jihar da ya, da kuma jirgin, amma sai braking saboda wasu dalilai kasa. A karshen, "Gabas" ya sauka ba wani lõkacin da shirya don tashi da tabo, da kuma a cikin wani karamin kauye da ke Saratov yankin - domin ta Afrilu 12 fili ya sosai tunawa kwanan wata. Yau, a can ne, ta hanyar, shi ne gidan kayan gargajiya Yuriya Gagarina, inda za ka iya ƙarin koyo game da jannati, da kuma cewa banrazana jirgin ga dukan duniya.

hutu ma'aikata

A wannan rana, dukan duniya ta ji labarin nasara a filin daga astronautics. Hakika, su maimaita feat Gagarin nan da nan kokarin America. Amma duk da haka da farko kalmar a cikin bincike na m sarari aka bar wa Tarayyar Soviet. Afrilu 12, 1962 rana ce ta memory Yuriya Gagarina feat. Kuma bayan wasu shekaru shida, tun 1968, ya fara zuwa bikin World Space Day. Babu sauran mutum jirgin bayan Duniya ta yanayi bai sami irin wannan karrama, ko da sanannen saukowa a kan watã Neil Armstrong.

Tare da rushewar Tarayyar Soviet tada batun na kauda tashe wannan biki ba daya shiga. A shekarar 1995, gwamnatin Rasha ta hukumance amince idin Afrilu 12. Tun 2001, a duniya mataki, ya zama da aka sani da International ranar adam jirgin cikin sarari.

Yadda za a yi tasbĩhi game da rãnar Cosmonautics?

Yana da wuya a magana game da wasu takamaiman hadisai na bikin Afrilu 12. Hakika, da makaranta runduna da dama events sadaukar ba kawai don na farko manned jirgin cikin sarari, amma kuma ci gaban da sarari a matsayin dukan. Daban-daban da ba na gwamnati kungiyoyin tsara "zagaye Tables", muhawara da kuma wasu zaɓuɓɓuka saboda tattaunawa na matasa, inda ba za ka iya kawai ƙarin koyo game da tarihin hutu, amma kuma su tattauna halin a gaban kimiyya a cikin wannan shugabanci. Afrilu 12, Cosmonautics Day - yana da babban damar sadarwa tare da waɗanda suke gaske sha'awar nazarin sararin samaniya, kuma zai iya gaya mai yawa sabon da kuma wani lokacin quite m.

Daya daga cikin kyau ra'ayoyi don bikin Cosmonautics Day a makaranta - an bude taron da ya gaya ba kawai daga cikin jirgin Yuriya Gagarina da shiri domin shi, amma kuma a kan dogon hanya zuwa ga halittar farko roka, shiriritar alaka da halittu, da ci gaba na ilimi da dan'adam game da duniya da kuma waɗansu da yawa. Wasu malamai riƙa manta game, wanda shi ne ba ko da yaushe sakamakon yana da muhimmanci, da hanya zuwa gare shi a sau da yawa fiye da nishadi fiye da bushe facts. Haka kuma, a wani hali ba zai iya detract daga isa yabo na masana kimiyya, tare da abin da babu wani ci gaban da astronautics, bisa manufa, zai yiwu.

ƙarshe

Yana da wuya a kwatanta Afrilu 12 da irin wannan manyan sikelin-bukukuwan kamar Sabuwar Shekara, Yara Day, AIDS, kiwon duniya. Mutane da yawa ba su ma tuna sau daya, a lokacin da na farko mutum ya tafi a cikin sarari. Amma ci gaban Extraterrestrial sarari ba, ba kuma za su ba wa 'yan adam ne har yanzu sosai. Ya zuwa yanzu, mun kawai ba zai iya kwatanta duk yiwuwa cewa suna bude mana a kara karatu. Zai yiwu yau da mafarki na Mars mulkin mallaka sauti utopian, amma bayan shekara dari da suka wuce, ba wanda zai iya ba zaton cewa mutane za su iya barin duniya. All gaba. Kuma a cikin wani hali dole ne mu manta da cewa a ranar 12 ga Afrilu - Cosmonautics Day, ranar da mutane kalubalanci talikai.