QFontDatabase Basil, Yuri Zhukov, Dmitry Shemyaka: gwagwarmaya da sarakunan Basil II

A karo na biyu da kwata na XV karni a Rasha barke internecine (ko, bisa ga Soviet terminology, mulkin gargajiya) yaki tsakanin Moscow Prince Vasily II, kawunsa kuma uwan. Akwai uku abubuwan da ake bukata a tsanani siyasa da dynastic rikicin: gwagwarmaya tsakanin biyu umarni na maye, da rashin tabbas wasiya Dmitry Donskoy na Grand Duchy na Vladimir da kuma, a karshe, cikin sirri rikici da takaddama jam'iyyun.

A rikici a kan mayẽwa, ya fara a cikin shekara ta sarautar Vasily Dmitrievich, tsoron dan Dmitriya Donskogo. Sa'an nan wa Konstantin Dmitrievich gwamnan adawa da grand duchy na Vladimir tafi zuwa ga dansa. Duk da haka, da Gwamna har yanzu gudanar da cin nasara da juriya da ɗan'uwansa, kuma wuce kursiyin zuwa Vasily II.

A farkon jayayya

Mulkin gargajiya yaki dade for quite lokaci mai tsawo - daga 1425 zuwa 1453. Yana wani lokaci na babbar juyi ba kawai ga Grand Duchy na Moscow, amma kuma ga Arewa Rasha ƙasashe a general. Dalilin da rikicin ya da shubuha fassarar Mataki na ashirin da Alkawari na Dmitry Donskoy a kan mayẽwa, ga kursiyin.

Dan Gwamnan, Vasily, mutuwa, ya ba da gadon sarauta ga farinsa magaji Basil II. Duk da haka, da ɗan'uwansa, Yuriy Dmitrievich Galitsky, ko Zvenigorod, Magana game da uba ba, ya zama mai da'awar a kan karaga. Amma da farko ya yi wani tsagaita wuta a 1425 tare da ya matasa dan wa, wanda, duk da haka, bai dade ba.

Bagalike gwamnan Labarai taro a 'yan shekaru. Basil II da kuma Yuri Dmitrievich tafi zuwa ga Khan, wanda, bayan wani dogon muhawara ba Grand Duchy na Moscow yarima, wanda kawun bai yarda da wannan shawarar ya shiga wani bude adawa da dan dan'uwansa.

A mataki na farko na gwagwarmaya

A impetus ga farkon karo da wani abin kunya da bauta a lokacin bikin aure Vasily a Bohr Princess Maria Yaroslavna. Ne ɗan fari na Yuri Dmitrievich, Basil QFontDatabase (wani sunan barkwanci Prince samu bayan makantar v1436 shekara), ya zo bikin a bel, wanda aka gani a matsayin na Dmitriya Donskogo. Uwar Basil II fili yayyage shi wannan muhimmanci, daki-daki na kaya, wanda ya jagoranci wani hutu da Moscow yarima.

Basil QFontDatabase da Dmitry Shemyaka (wanda shi ne dan'uwan da karshen) ya gudu wa mahaifinsa, wanda ya fara fada a kan dan dan'uwansa. Karshe da aka ci, da kuma Yuri Galitsky a 1434 dauki babban birnin kasar, amma ba zato ba tsammani ya mutu a cikin wannan shekara.

Na biyu tsawon jayayya

Bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa, Prince Vasili Diagon yunkurin shirya a Moscow, amma shi bai goyi bayan 'yan'uwa, Dmitry Shemyaka da Dmitry Krasny. Dukansu shiga wata yarjejeniya tare da Basil II, wanda ya koma zuwa ga babban birnin kasar da kuma dauki Grand abincin zabi da kanka.

Vasily Kosoy ci gaba da gwagwarmaya. Ya fara fafitikar da dan uwansa. Ya ya iya goyon bayan Arewa, inda ya sami da dakarun kansu. Duk da haka, ya aka ci su da Basil II, ya aka kama, kuma Ya makantar a 1436. Shi ya sa ya aka yi wa lakabi Squint, a karkashin abin da, da kuma gangara a tarihin na da Rasha.

The uku mataki na yaƙi, adawa na Basil II da kuma Dmitry Shemyaka

Basil Diagon aka makantar, kuma shi ya dada tabarbare dangantakar dake tsakanin Vasily Vasilyevich da Dmitriem Yurevichem rincabewa. A halin da ake ciki da wahala ta gaskiya cewa Prince of Moscow aka ci a yaki da Kazan Tatars da aka dauka fursuna a 1445. Ya dauki amfani da abokin gaba da dauki Moscow. Duk da haka, Basil II biya wani babban fansa da zarar ya kõma zuwa ga sarauta, da kuma Dmitry Shemyaka aka kore shi daga birnin kasar.

Duk da haka, ya amince da shan kashi da kuma shirya da sace dan uwan. Basil II aka makantar, ya ya aka Kwafa da Dark. Ya aka fitar da farko zuwa Vologda, sa'an nan a cikin Uglich. Da abokin gaba ne ke mulkin da baya a Moscow, amma jama'ar na sarauta aka daina gane shi a matsayin halattaciyar m.

A karo na hudu lokacin da ƙungiyoyin jayayya: shan kashi Dmitry Shemyaka

A halin yanzu, Basil II na, shan amfani da goyon bayan jama'a, ya bar wurin kurkuku kuma a sanya wani ƙawance da Prince of Tver Borisom Aleksandrovichem kan hadin gwiwa gwagwarmaya da na kowa, maƙiyi. A karkashin kokarin da kawayenta cimma sakandare hijira Prince Dmitry na Moscow a 1447.

Saboda haka, Basil II lashe karshe nasara, amma ya abokin gaba don wani lokaci yunkurin dethrone shi. A 1453 Dmitry Yuryevich mutu a Novgorod, da kuma wannan rana an dauke ƙarshen mulkin gargajiya yaki a Rasha.

The darajar ƙungiyoyin jayayya a cikin tarihin siyasar na Grand Duchy na Moscow XV karni

Dynastic rikicin da nisa-kai sakamakon a cikin yardar wani sabon manufa na maye. Gaskiyar cewa Rasha da aka mamaye da mayẽwa daga cikin manyan mulkin na dogon lokaci a kan sideline, watau gādo shige Babbansu a cikin HALITTAR. Amma sannu a hankali, fara daga XIV karni, tun zamanin mulkin Ivan Danilovich, kursiyin ko da yaushe ƙara zuwa ne ɗan fari na baya Grand Duke.

Shugabanni da kansu daga tsara zuwa tsara, bisa ga nufin kokari shige Grand Duchy na Vladimir wa 'ya'yansa maza. Amma da bin doka da wannan sabon manufa ba a rufe. Duk da haka, har da na biyu da kwata na XV karni, tambaya na maye bai tashi ba haka sharply, bayan mutuwar Dmitry Donskoy a 1389. Basil II nasara karshe amince da oda na maye a cikin kai tsaye line na zuriya - daga uba zuwa ga dansa.

Tun daga nan, Moscow ta shugabanni ƙa'ida nada wanda zai gaje yan'uwansa maza. An tsara wani sabon dynastic mulkin maye kursiyin, jigon wanda shi ne cewa daga yanzu a kan sarakuna a ransu kansu nada su mãsu mayẽwa, kuma su yanke shawara ba za a iya kalubalanci kan tribal dokar.