Nina Berberova: biography, ayyukansu

Nina Berberova - mace, wanda za a iya kira daya daga cikin haske wakilan Rasha ƙaura. Ta zauna a wani wuya lokaci a cikin tarihin kasar mu, wanda yake ƙoƙarin sa hankali na da yawa marubuta da kuma kasida. Ba na zauna kuma ya nĩsanta da Nina Berberova. Ta bayar da nazarin Rasha ƙaura ne invaluable. Amma da farko abubuwan da farko.

Origin, shekaru na ilimi

Berberova Nina Nikolaevna (shekaru na rayuwa - 1901-1993) - mawãƙi, marubuci, wallafe-wallafen sukar lamiri. An haife ta ne a St. Petersburg Yuli 26, 1901. Berberova ya fairly m iyali: uwarsa Tver mallaki gidaje, da kuma mahaifinsa ya yi aiki a ma'aikatar kudi. Nina karatu na farko a Jami'ar Archeology. Ta sa'an nan sauke karatu daga Jami'ar Don a Rostov-on-Don. A nan, daga 1919 zuwa 1920. Nina nazarin tarihi-philological baiwa.

The ayoyin farko, saba da Khodasevich, ƙaura

A 1921 a Petrograd Nina Berberova ya rubuta ta farko da waqe. Duk da haka, kawai daya daga wanda aka buga a cikin tarin "ushkuynikov" 1922. Godiya ga na farko da aikin shi da aka soma a poetic da'ira na Petrograd. Saboda haka akwai ta sani da yawa kasida, ciki har da Khodasevich, wanda nan da nan ta zama matarsa Nina. Tare da shi, ta tafi kasar waje a 1922. Kafin ya magance har abada a Paris, Berberova iyali farko ya zauna a Berlin da kuma Italiya a Gorky, sa'an nan ya koma Prague.

Saboda haka, tun 1922, Nina kasance a ƙaura. A nan ne ta yi ta gaskiya halarta a karon a cikin wallafe-wallafe. Berberova waqe da aka buga a wallafa M. Gorky, kuma V. F. Hodasevichem mujallar "Interview".

Stories da kuma litattafan Berberova

Nina Berberova ya wani ma'aikaci na jaridar "Bugawa News", kuma ta yau da kullum gudummawa. A lokacin daga 1928 zuwa 1940. ta buga a ta jerin labaru "Biyankurskie gingerbread". Yana ironist-m, lyrical da m ayyuka a cikin rãyuwar Rasha muhãjirai, a Billancourt. A wannan yanayin, da karshen ne ma'aikata na shuka "Renault" drunks, bara, declassed eccentrics da kuma titi mawaƙa. A wannan sake zagayowar, akwai rinjayar da farkon Chekhov da Zoshchenko. Duk da haka, sun kasance yawa da.

Har ƙulli daga cikin jaridar "Bugawa News", a 1940, ya bayyana da wadannan litattafan Berberova: 1930 - "Last da farko", a 1932 - "The Lady", a shekara ta 1938 - "Ba tare da faɗuwar rana." Sun gano wani suna a matsayin litattafan marubuci, Nina Nikolayevna.

"Sauƙaƙe da sa hannu na"

Masu nuna da kusanci na litattafan Berberova Faransa litattafan, kazalika da tsanani ƙoƙari Nina Nikolayevna haifar da almara BREAKING "image hijira duniya". Rayuwa kasashen waje, zamantakewa wuri mai faɗi da "karkashin kasa" (unguwannin bayan gari) sun ayyana da sauti na "sauƙaƙe sa hannu." Wannan jerin labarun da aka buga a cikin 1930s. Kuma a cikin 1948 mai raba edition buga littafin na wannan sunan. A wannan sake zagayowar da aka haife jigo na rashin matsuguni da muhimmanci ga kerawa Berberova a general. A lokacin da wannan aka gane Nina Nikolayevna rashin matsuguni ba a matsayin bala'i amma kamar yadda wani mutum daga cikin karni na 20th gado free of sadaukar da su "gida", wanda ya daina zama wata alama ce "rai aminci", "laya" da "kariya".

"Last da farko"

A cikin "na farko da kuma na karshe", duk da haka, shi ya sifanta wani ƙoƙari na gina da irin wannan "soket." Hani kaina m, da labari kokarin haifar da wani abu kamar wani baƙauye al'umma, wanda bayar ba kawai tsara, amma yana komawa nufi da al'adunsu da na membobinta. Lura cewa kafin Berberova kusan babu wanda ya bayyana almara, rayuwa da kuma irin abubuwan da, da fatan da mafarkai na talakawa Rasha, sunã mãsu hijira. Daga bisani, jigo na gina baƙauye al'umma da aka ba ci gaba a cikin ayyukan Berberova. Duk da haka, shi ya kasance entwined a ta biography. Nina rayu a lokacin da zama a kan wani karamin gona, inda ta yi aiki baƙauye aiki.

"Lady" da "Ba tare da wani faduwar rana"

"Lady" - na biyu labari da Nina Nikolayevna. Sai aka buga a 1932. The aiki yana nufin haure matasa rayuwa bayani game da tsara ta uku. A 1938, akwai wani na uku labari - "Ba tare da faɗuwar rana." The masu karatu da kuma haruffa a shi tada tambaya na abin da kuma yadda za mu rayu mace haure daga kasar Rasha. An unambiguous amsar ita ce: kawai juna soyayya iya kawo farin ciki. Masu nuna cewa wadannan labaru suna hade artificially tare da juna, da fa'ida, kaifi, nishadi, da kuma wani lokacin jan nezhenskoy taka tsantsan don mutane da kuma abubuwan. Littafin ya ƙunshi mutane da yawa kyau lyrical Lines, mai haske shafukan, manyan da kuma zurfin tunani.

Motsi zuwa Amurka, "Cape na hadari"

Sa'an nan, a 1950, ya koma Amurka Nina Berberova. Biography of ita a cikin shekaru alama ta koyar a Princeton University farko Rasha harshen, sa'an nan da Rasha wallafe-wallafe. Duk da haka, cikin kewayon marubuta 'moriyar Nina Nikolaevna zauna guda. A 1950 ya zo da labari "Cape na hadari". Yana yayi Magana game da biyu da al'ummomi daga ƙaura. Ga matasa "kowa da kowa" shi ne ya fi muhimmanci fiye da " 'yan qasar" da mazan ƙarni ( "mutane karni na karshe") ba zai iya kwatanta rayuwa waje da Rasha hadisai. Asarar da kasar take kaiwa zuwa asarar Allah. Duk da haka, na ruhaniya da kuma rãyuwar da wata azãba, wanda shi ne fuskantar, conceptualized a matsayin 'yancin kai daga kangin gargajiya kamfanoni, wanda kiyaye duniya domin rushewarta tare da juyin juya halin.

Biyu littattafai game da composers

Nina Berberova littattafai game da composers buga kafin yaki. Wadannan ayyuka suna da wani shirin da kuma sada hali. A shekarar 1936, ya bayyana "Tchaikovsky, tarihi m rai," kuma a shekara ta 1938 - "Borodin". Su da aka kimanta a matsayin wani sabon abu da wani sabon ingancin rubutu. Wadannan su ne ake kira litattafan da almarar ko babu, bisa ga Khodasevich, biography, gani ir} iro, wanda bin tsananin zuwa facts, amma rufe shi da ya saba da 'yanci na mawallafa.

"Iron Woman"

Nina Berberova a matsayin mai sukar lamiri kubutar da aikin banza da wannan salo, musamman a bukatar a lokacin da sha'awa a cikin sabon abu makoma da kuma mutuntakarsa. Nina Nikolayevna babban nasara a cikin wannan shugabanci da aka gabatar a shekarar 1981 da littafin "Iron Woman". Wannan biography na Baroness M. Budberg. Ta rayuwa da aka kakkarfan dangankata da farko Gorky, sa'an nan - da G. Wells.

Berberova, dispensing tare da tunanin haife na "kayan ado" da kuma na almara, ya gudanar ya halicci wani m hoto adventuress. M. Budberg mallakar irin mutanen da suke ĩmãni Berberova, a fili sosai shi nuna hankula fasali na karni na 20th. The tausayi lokaci shi ne wani na kwarai mace. Ta ba ta bayar da bukatun zamanin, tilasta manta game da kyakkyawar dabi'a da kuma rayuwa kawai domin tsira. A labarin gina a kan haruffa, takardu, mashaidi asusun, kazalika da tunanin marubucin ci karo da heroine da kuma tunani a kan hanya na tarihi, ta rufe kusan rabin karni. Ya ƙare da tafiya bayanin cewa Budberg sanya a shekarar 1960, lokacin da ta tafi zuwa ga abin zargi B. Pasternak a Moscow.

"My hanya"

A shekarar 1969, a cikin harshen Turanci, sa'an nan kuma a Rasha (a 1972) da aka buga wata tarihin rayuwar Nina Berberova "italics tawa." Neman mayar a kan nasa rai, Nina gani "maimaituwa jigogi" a shi, kazalika da sake farfado da akida da kuma ruhaniya mahallin na da lokaci. Fassara da ya wallafa da kuma muhimmanci matsayin a matsayin zanga-Western, anti-Orthodox da antipochvennuyu, shi ya gina ta hanyar wadannan halaye "tsarin" na wani hali, tsaurin "fragility" da "meaninglessness" na duniya. A littafin buga wani panorama na m da kuma ilimi rai na Rasha ƙaura a cikin shekaru tsakanin biyu a duniya yaƙe-yaƙe. A ta memoirs, akwai muhimmanci shaida (musamman a kan Khodasevich) da kuma critiques m Rasha waje marubuta (Ivanov, Nabokov da sauransu.).

Berberova Nina Nikolaevna a 1989 tattaki zuwa Rasha, inda ya gana da masu karatu da kuma wallafe-wallafen sukar. Ta mutu Satumba 26, 1993, a Birnin Philadelphia. Kuma a yau ya zauna a bukatar kerawa Nina Berberova. Nassoshi ta riga m isa.