Uranium tama. Yadda cire uranium tama. Uranium tama a Rasha

Lokacin da suka gano rediyoaktif abubuwa na lokaci-lokaci tebur, mutumin ƙarshe je sama tare da amfani a gare su. Haka ya faru tare da uranium. Yana da aka yi amfani da duka biyu da sojoji da kuma farar hula dalilai. Uranium tama sarrafa, sakamakon memba aka yi amfani da Paint kuma gilashin masana'antu. Bayan an gano radioactivity, shi da aka yi amfani da makamashin nukiliya masana'antu. Ta yaya tsabta da kuma tsabtace muhalli man fetur da aka ba? Suna jayayya game da wannan har yanzu.

halitta uranium

A uranium halitta a tsarkake form ba ya wanzu - shi ne wani bangare ne na tama da kuma ma'adanai. Babban uranium tama - shi ne carnotite da pitchblende. Shi ne kuma gagarumin adibas na wannan dabarun sinadari samu a cikin ƙasa, da kuma ma'adanai torfievyh - orthite, titanium, zircon, monazite, xenotime. Uranium adibas aka gano a cikin duwatsu da wani acidic matsakaici da kuma high silica yawa. Sahabbansa - calcite, galena, molybdenite, da sauransu.

Global adibas da kuma reserves

Don kwanan wata, mu bincika da yawa filayen a tazarar kilomita 20 Layer ta duniya surface. Su duk dauke da wata babbar yawan ton na uranium. Wannan adadin shi ne iya samar da mutãne da makamashi domin da yawa daruruwan shekaru a gaba. Manyan kasashe a cikin abin da uranium tama aka located in most har ne Australia, Kazakhstan, Rasha, Canada, Afirka ta Kudu, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, da Amurka, Brazil, Namibia.

uranium Forms

Radioactivity sa sinadaran Properties daga cikin kashi. Halitta uranium kunshi uku isotopes. Biyu daga cikinsu akwai magabatan da rediyoaktif jerin. Halitta uranium isotopes amfani don ƙirƙirar makãmashin nukiliya halayen da kuma makamai. Har ila yau, 238 ne a albarkatun kasa domin samar da plutonium-239.

U234 isotopes na uranium ne rassa nuclides U238. Su gane matsayin da ya fi aiki da kuma samar da wani karfi radiation. U235 isotope ne 21 sau weaker, ko da yake shi nasarar amfani ga sama dalilai - shi yana da ikon tallafawa nukiliya sarkar dauki ba tare da ƙarin catalysts.

Bugu da kari akwai na halitta da kuma wucin gadi isotopes na uranium. Yau, wadanda aka sani zuwa 23, mafi muhimmanci daga cikinsu - U233. Yana Highlights da ikon da za a kunna ƙarƙashin rinjayar jinkirin neutrons, alhãli kuwa wasu bukatar sauri barbashi.

rarrabuwa na tama

Ko da yake uranium za a iya samu kusan ko'ina - ko da a cikin rayayyun kwayoyin halitta - yadudduka a cikin abin da shi yana kunshe ne, zai iya zama daban-daban a cikin irin. Sun dogara ne a kan shi, da kuma samar da hanyoyin. Uranium tama ne classified da wadannan sigogi:

1. Ilimi Bukatun - na ciki da kuma exogenous metamorphogenic tama.
2. A yanayi na uranium mineralization - primary, oxidized da kuma gauraye uranium tama.
3. Girman aggregates da kuma ma'adinai hatsi - m, matsakaici, lafiya, da kuma wani particulate lafiya-grained tama sulusi da murabba'i.
4. Amfani da impurities - molybdenum, vanadium, da dai sauransu
5. Abun da ke ciki impurities - carbonate, silicate, sulfide, iron oxide, kaustobiolitovye.

Dangane da yadda za a classified uranium tama ne a hanya domin extracting gare sinadari. Silicate bi da tare da daban-daban acid, carbonate - soda mafita, kaustobiolitovye wadãtar da konewa, da kuma ƙarfe oxide da aka narke a wani harin bom gagarumar wuta.

Yadda cire uranium tama

Kamar yadda a wani hakar ma'adinai gaskiya ma, akwai wasu dabaru da kuma hanyoyin da extracting uranium daga dutsen. All kuma ya dogara da abin da irin isotope ne a cikin samuwar na lithosphere. Hakar na uranium tama ne da za'ayi a hanyoyi uku. Tattalin arziki sauti selection abu daga dutse sa'ad da ta ciki ne a cikin adadin 0.05-0.5%. Akwai nawa, quarry da leach hakar ma'adinai Hanyar. A amfani da kowane daga cikinsu ya dogara da abun da ke ciki na isotopes da dutse zurfin. Quarrying uranium tama zai yiwu tare da m aukuwa. Mafi qarancin da kasadan bankada. Babu matsala tare da m - yadu amfani bulldozers, Radlader, juji manyan motoci.

Mine samar - shi ne mafi rikitarwa. Wannan hanya da ake amfani da kwanciya abu a zurfin na 2 har zuwa kilomita, da kuma tattalin arziki viability. Jinsi dole ne dauke da wani babban taro na uranium domin samar da shi ya dace. A cikin rami don matsakaicin tsaro, wannan shi ne saboda hanyar da mined uranium tama karkashin kasa. Ma'aikata suna bayar da m tufafi, aiki tsananin iyakance. Ha} ar Ma'adinai sanye take da lifts, inganta samun iska.

Leaching - wani uku hanya - da cleanest tsabtace muhalli da kuma lafiyar ma'aikata na karafa kamfanoni. Ta hanyar wani tsarin na rijiyoyin ne pumped cikin wani musamman sinadaran bayani. Yana dissolves a tafki, kuma an tare da cikakken uranium mahadi. The bayani ne sai pumped fitar da aika zuwa aiki shuke-shuke. Wannan hanya ita ce mafi m, ana iya rage tattalin arziki ta halin kaka, ko da yake ta yin amfani yana da yawan gazawa.

Adibas a Ukraine

A kasar shi ne farin ciki mai adibas da rabi daga wanda nuna nukiliya man fetur. A cewar kintace, da Ukrainian uranium ores dauke da har zuwa 235 ton na raw kayan. A halin yanzu, kawai muka samu tabbaci na ajiya, wanda ya ƙunshi game da 65 ton. A wasu adadin riga ci gaba. Part na uranium amfani a cikin kasar, wasu kuma fitar dashi.

Babban ajiya da aka dauke su Kirovograd uranium tama yankin. A uranium ciki ne kananan - daga 0.05 zuwa 0.1% a kowace ton na dutse, don haka da kayan kudin ne high. A sakamakon haka, da samu raw kayan musayar a Rasha don kammala man fetur abubuwa domin iko.

Na biyu mafi girma ajiya ne Novokonstantinovskoye. Da abun ciki na uranium a cikin dutse zai rage kudin kamar yadda idan aka kwatanta da Kirovograd kusan sau 2. Duk da haka, tare da 90-ies na ci gaba da dauki ba wuri, duk da mahakar sunyi ambaliya. Saboda da tabarbarewar siyasa tsakanin kasashen tare da Rasha, Ukraine iya zama ba tare da man fetur ga nukiliya ikon shuke-shuke.

Rasha uranium tama

Uranium Mining The Russian Federation ne a karo na biyar wuri a tsakanin sauran ƙasashe. Mafi shahara da kuma iko - shi Khiagdinskoe, Kolichkanskoe, Istochnoye, Koretkondinskoye, Namarusskoe, Dobrynskii (Jamhuriyar Buryatia), Argun, Zherlovoye (Chita Region). A Chita yankin suna cirewa 93% na dukkan Rasha uranium da ta samar (kagaggun aiki da kuma hanyoyin hakar).

A kadan daban-daban shi ne yanayin da adibas a Buryatia da Kurgan. Uranium tama a Rasha a wadannan yankuna na faruwa a hanyar da ba ka damar cire albarkatun kasa leaching.

Total adibas a Rasha an yi hasashen zuwa 830 ton na uranium, ya tabbatar da reserves na game da 615 tons. Yana yana da adibas a Yakutia, Karelia da kuma sauran yankuna. Tun uranium ne dabarun duniya raw kayan, da lambobin iya zama m saboda mutane da yawa details suna classified, damar yin amfani da su yana da kawai wani category mutane.