Na'urar aminci aminci tsarin

Don nazarin wannan batu, bincika wasu batutuwa masu mahimmanci:

- Menene kariya ta aiki, wanda ke rubuce a cikin wannan yanki ya zama mahimmanci?

- Abin da yake a jihar misali da gasar na matsayin, abin da yake da matsayi na wadannan takardun?

- Yaya tsarin OSH ya nuna a cikin waɗannan ka'idodin?

Dokar Labarun Labaran Rasha, mafi mahimmanci, kashi na goma, ya tsara aikin haɗin gwiwa da kuma dangantaka da ke tsakaninsu bisa ga ma'aikacin kamfanin da kuma ma'aikaci a cikin yanayin kare kariya. Mataki na ashirin da 209 na wannan majalisa, wanda aka karɓa a shekara ta 2001, ya bayyana kariya ta aiki kamar tsarin matakan da ya hada da doka, gyare-gyare, sanadiyar zamantakewa, zamantakewa, tattalin arziki, fasaha da kuma kariya, manufar shine kiyaye (a cikin aikin aiki Biyan) na lafiyar da rayuwar ma'aikatan kungiyar. Wannan shi ne, a cikin wannan sashe na Labor Code kafa fitar da asali manufa na kwadago da dokar.

Hanyoyin kariya ta aiki, a gefe guda, wani abu ne mai rikitarwa na takardun dokoki da na al'ada. Sun tsara tsarin tsabtace-tsabta, zamantakewa, tattalin arziki, fasaha, tsari da tsari, hanyoyin fasaha da hanyoyi, wanda ake nufi don tabbatar da yanayin aiki na ma'aikaci na kungiyar. Don haɗin haɗin tsarin tsarin tsaro na SSBT an ci gaba. Duk da aka gyara na da nufin tabbatar da zaman lafiya, da yau da matsayi na babbar hanyar (Gost for da CIS kasashe) , ko jiha (Gost R - Rasha ta) nagartacce. An gano su (bayan GOST ko GOST R) ta lamba 12 tare da dot.

Har ila yau, {ungiyar Harkokin {asashen Wajen Harkokin Harkokin {asashen Wajen Amirka ta samu tsarin tsare-tsaren aiki tare da lambar '' GOST 12. ', wanda har yanzu yana riƙe da karfi na shari'a a ƙasashen kasashe 12 na CIS (duk tsoffin ƙasashen Tarayya, sai dai ƙasashen Baltic). Bayan samuwar m jihohin a cikin ci gaban da IGU da aka yarda su ci gaba kasa nagartacce (ga kasar mu - shi ne mai Gost R), wanda ya kamata a dole ya jitu da girmamawa ga babbar hanyar baƙi. A lokutan Soviet, akwai kundin tsarin kowane ma'auni tare da lambobin alphanumeric (mafi yawan takardun da aka gano a sassan da aka nuna ta wasikar 19 na rukunin Rasha). Tun Oktoba 2000 an maye gurbinsu da Kwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Ƙarshe na Rasha, wanda aka gina daidai da Ƙaddamarwar Ƙasar ta ISO.

Idan a lokacin USSR duk GOSTs ya zama dole don aikace-aikacen a yankunan da suka dace, to amma Dokar No. 184-FZ ta tanadar aiwatar da ka'idoji na fasaha, kuma ka'idoji na jihar tun watan Satumba na bara da aka yi amfani da su da son zuciya. Duk da haka, wannan doka, kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin sakin layi na 4 na Mataki na 1, ba ya tsara ka'idodin shari'a a cikin batutuwa game da kariya ta aiki. Saboda haka, na kasa nagartacce, wanda ya hada da tsarin na aiki aminci nagartacce suna daga cikin babban normative doka ayyukan, wanda ya fita da bukatun na jihar a fagen sana'a lafiya da kuma kiwon lafiya. Kowannensu yana nufin samar da tabbacin da aka sanya a cikin Shafuka 7 da 37 na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Rasha.

Dukkan tsarin ma'auni na aikin aiki ya kasu kashi shida na aiki masu aiki (ƙididdiga ta lambobin daga 0 zuwa 5) da kuma ɗakunan aji uku (daga 6 zuwa 9). Don sifili subsystem hada takardun na kungiyoyi da kuma methodical yanayi. A farko kunshi da matsayin da tsara da bukatun ga m da kuma cutarwa samar dalilai. Shirin na biyu ya samar da hanyoyi masu kyau da hanyoyin da za'a tsara, ƙera da kuma aiki na kayan aiki, kuma na uku - aminci na samar da kayan aiki. Hanya ta hudu ita ce tabbatar da kare lafiyar ma'aikata ta hanyar amfani da hanyar kariya. Na biyar ya hada da tsare-tsaren kare lafiyar gine-ginen da gine-gine.

Rashin kiyaye duk wani takardun da ya ƙunshi tsarin kula da aikin aiki (ma'aikaci ko ma'aikaci) ya zama cin zarafin Ƙa'idar Labarun ƙasarmu.