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Museum of juyin juya halin Musulunci a Moscow

A cikin fall na 2017 kiwon 100th tunawa da Great Oktoba Socialist juyin juya halin a cikin abin da Bolsheviks hambarar da gwamnatin karshe Rasha autocrat, Nicholas II. Canja Hakika na ci gaba a Rasha da kuma a duniya. Akwai wani sabon gaba daya tsarin, wanda ya ƙaryata game da jari hujja tushe. A Moscow akwai wani al'adu ma'aikata, da sunan da abun ciki na wanda ya koma cikin viewer da gagarumin sau. Shi ne da Museum of juyin juya halin Musulunci a kan Tverskaya, 21. Tun 1998 - Jihar Tsakiya Museum of Littafi History of Rasha (nan, ga brevity, da Museum of juyin juya halin Musulunci).

Armoured da kwarkwata

A watan Oktoba waka "Good" Vladimir Mayakovsky rubuta: "Wannan lokaci a nan! Samun kashe! ! A upshot your lokaci "bare zaton," Museum na Oktoba juyin juya halin, aka located a cikin wani tsohon gidan, yayi na musamman game da storming na Winter Palace, volley "Aurora", Lenin ta sulke mota. " Wannan ba quite gaskiya. Ana rinjayar da dũkiya da bambancin farfado, gaya game da tattalin arziki, zamantakewa da siyasa ci gaban Rasha a cikin marigayi XIX - farkon XX ƙarni, da manyan al'amurra na zamani Rasha, da cin gaba na al'ummomi .. Masu ziyara alama friendliness da kuma kwarewa daga cikin shiryar. Guides ba ayan mai sheki a kan ra'ayoyin da gurguzanci. Just gaya mana yadda shi duka ya faru.

Makamai, tufafi, bugu presses, ciki daga gidan cin abinci, wanda, ya faru, zahazhivali kakaninki, jatan lande cushe kare da cewa ya tashi a sararin samaniya - talatin dakunan mara kyau zumudi a cikin gabata. Akwai wani ra'ayi: sunk zuwa gushewa a lokacin da kasar ta zamani tarihin dubi iko, fili, amma ba m. Kids son duba filmstrips, da kuma iyaye - nostalgia. Popular cafe-gidan kayan gargajiya da kayayyakin, wanda aka yanzu cewa "halitta, ba na son cewa ...", sweets sanya tare da takardar sayen magani daga shekara arba'in da suka wuce.

sananne gine-gine

Mai baƙi bar tare da niyyar bayar da shawarar abokai ya ziyarci Museum na juyin juya halin. A Moscow, a kan Tverskaya Street, sun kasance mai kyau: m, babu hassles da vulgarity. Af, akwai wani zauren, wanda ya gaya game da rabo daga cikin ginin da kanta. Yana da aka gina a cikin XVIII karni. Yana kiyaye quite da kyau daga ciki da kuma a waje. Kafin gani daban-daban masu kuma baƙi. Ma'abũcin haihuwa homestead wani mawãƙi, marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, Mikhail KHERASKOV (kiyaye su da kuma farkon bayanai), wanda sayar da shi ga Count, Manjo Janar Lvu Razumovskomu.

Babban tsarin (da babban gidan) da aka gina da Catherine Mai girma (1777-1780 gg.). Daga baya da aka sani daga cikin gine-ginen da lokaci Adam Menelaws kara karin fuka-fuki. Yana bar Villa a cikin style of balagagge classicism. A mamayewa na Napoleon ta sojojin bai hana kyakkyawa. Sake fasalin kudin izini da m Domenico Gilardi. Af, akwai wani gidan kayan gargajiya. A juyin juya halin Square (Moscow) , ya bude kofofin zuwa duk suke da sha'awar su koyi game da yakin na 1812. Amma baya ga topic. Lokacin da Razumovsky mutu, bazawara bayar da da gine-gine da al'adunmu na ɗan'uwansa Nikolayu Vyazemskomu. Nicholas G. hakura da wani shiri Moscow English Club (1831). Up zuwa 1917 akwai aka za'ayi wadanda mutane jam'iyyar maza daga daraja da asali. A lokaci daya, da ka-girma kasuwanci gini rufe kyau facade (ya yi ta yawo a search na ƙofar).

A sabon fada rai

Tarihi Museum of juyin juya halin Musulunci ya fara nan da nan bayan rashin tsoro events na Oktoba. Aka yanke shawarar samar da tushe na kayan ga Rasha kwata 'yanci motsi, m nazari na tara bayanai. A saura form (kananan yankunan) kulob din yayi, a farkon 1918. Amma baya ya ba hanya zuwa nan gaba. New dokoki, yanke shawara sun kwarara. The sosai farko domin, wanda aka saki a Monuments Hukumar art da antiquities a Mutane ta Commissariat game da kiyayewa da gine-gine da bayyanar da dukiya, da aka bai wa al'adu ma'aikata. Retail kantuna, da zarar girma amana gaban fadar da aka rushe. Facade sake haskaka yawa.

A daban-daban "Rang" da kuma Hall of English kulob din: akwai yanzu a gidan kayan gargajiya na haihuwa Moscow. A farko nuni a cikin Ginin sunan juyin juya halin bude a watan Nuwamba 1922 da aka kira "Red Moscow". Tarihin da babban birnin kasar Vladimir Giljarovsky gaya cewa samu ya faru a karfe shida. Lit da wutar lantarki. A cikin dakunan, a tsaye ba tare da dumama, idan warmer shekaru. Masu ziyara zuwa sabon model da aka quite kama da ainihin mazauna: soja tufafinsu, ta fata jackets, dasu, suka briskly tafiya a kusa da kwanan nan "Mulkin idleness."

In ba haka ba, ba mu da wata hanya ta dakatar da ƙungiya

Mutane da nuna alfahari admiring ja flags da wani karaya makami tawaye, sun rataye a kan garun tsoho marmara. Tsohon hoto qawata art da hotuna da kuma hotuna "kwanaki goma da ya girgiza duniya" haruffa (kamar yadda aka bayyana taron, American jarida Dzhon rabu). Daga cikin baƙi sun mata (wanda ba zai iya zama a lokacin zaman na Turanci Club).

All sun farin ciki da cewa da akwai wani sabon gidan kayan gargajiya. Juyin juya halin da nuni Hasna kuma thematic sasanninta sun kasance haka da yawa: sojoji, matuƙan, a haifi wani sabon duniya! Mutane da yawa san juna a kan yaƙi hotuna. Taru ajiya raka'a ya zama tushen da lãbãri Historical da kuma juyin juya hali Museum a Moscow. A 1924, da ma'aikata ya zama Jihar Museum na juyin juya halin. A farko shugaban Sergey Mitskevich - san hali. Rasha neman sauyi, a master na aikin jaridar Genre, tarihi, farfesa ne, a Moscow University. Oganeza na Moscow Ma'aikata 'Union.

A kara shiga gurguzanci

Museum of juyin juya halin Musulunci a birnin Moscow, yadu rufe batutuwa na zanga-zangar da na manoma da nobility da komai a fili jihohin (musamman: shugabanninsu Stepan Razin da Emelyan Pugachev aka haife shi a kauyen Zimoveyskoy-on-Don tare da wani bambanci a shẽkara ɗari). Iya fadada sirri ilimi na Decembrist motsi, Mutane so da su fahimci "wilds" na events Rasha juyin juya halin, yakin basasa. Sun kasance sũ ne mafi tsufa nuni, wanda aka located Museum na juyin juya halin.

Moscow gane cewa gina gurguzanci hankali tara kwarewa kamata shirya da kuma rayayye inganta. Tun 1927, da thematic ikon yinsa, ta fadada. Dubun jere shekaru masu tasowa (kuma daga baya ɓullo da) gurguzanci janyo hankalin ba kawai da jama'a na Tarayyar Soviet, amma kuma waje baƙi.

kyauta Repin

Raba gwamnati Figures, manyan wakila daga jari hujja, gurguzu, kasashe masu tasowa, marubuta, painters, sculptors, wasan kwaikwayo Figures, "da proletarians dukan ƙasashe" dauke shi da taƙawa zuwa ziyarci Museum na juyin juya halin. Wasu baƙi ba su zo hannu wofi. Saboda haka lãbãri a bayansa da impregnated m zane-zane "Janairu 9," "Red Makoki" da sauransu. Sun gabatar da sanannen fenta Ilya Repin.

Sõyayya jama'a na Tarayyar Soviet da kuma sada kasashen kawo kyautai ga shugaban na jihar Iosifu Stalinu. Da yawa daga cikinsu suna da daban-daban Bloom akidar: wayar a cikin nau'i na duniya, salula-guduma, Agogon, ado da kananan zinariya T-34 tanki. A nuni gabatar da sarrafa daga 39th game da 55th shekaru na XX karni. A sabon abu fuska ne mashahuri a cikin masu kallo da kuma a cikin kwanakin nan namu. A 1941 da gidan kayan gargajiya riga ya kasance a kan undisputed shugaban tsakanin kama cibiyoyin. Kudi totaled miliyan daya abubuwa. Bude rassan.

raba aiki lokaci

The Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) sanya a kaifi sabawa a cikin kimiyya da ilimi da ayyukan, wanda aka gudanar da gidan kayan gargajiya. Juyin juya halin bai faru, kawai zaki ya share na kudi tafi zurfi a cikin raya. Yawan ma'aikata ya rage da kusan sau uku. Amma aikin bai daina. A watan Yuli 41st da baƙi aka miƙa wani nuni gaya labarin da Soviet mutane da Nazi invaders. Da kuma shugaban cibiyar, da kuma rassan hadu da tare da yawon bude ido a lokacin yaki da shekaru.

Makiya garzaya zuwa Moscow. Museum ma'aikatan sun yi tsayayya da shi samuwa Hanyar: gaya wa mutane game da heroism na Soviet sojojin. Kasancewa statistics karanta kamar haka: da yawan baƙi a 1942 - 423, 5 dubu mutane ..

Yana sarrafa a bude iska daukan hotuna (bindigogi, rokoki da kuma sauran kayan aiki na Red Army da kuma maƙiyi kofuna). By al'ada kari na aikin baya a shekarar 1944. Akwai wani m hira: kayan, musamman nuna sauyi yantar motsi da aka tarwatsa. Wasu "bar" a Gau (Main Siyasa management), wasu - a jihar Historical Museum, sanshi a matsayin Museum of juyin juya halin Musulunci a kan Red Square, da sauransu - godiya yarda da Library of harkokin wallafe-wallafen. Mai aikawa da kansa ya mayar da hankali a kan binciken na akida halin yanzu, da aka sani da Rasha Social Democratic-. Har yanzu da ake bukata don fahimtar intricacies na ci gaba muhimmi a yadda al'umma mai adalci, 'yanci da adalci.

Kusata zuwa objectivity

An sani cewa da zarar memory rabo cancanci sunan ya in disfavour: Joseph wadãta ƙari dabi'u Jughashvili taimako (Stalin) a cimma a kasar. A shekarar 1959, bayan sanannen XX Congress na jam'iyyar kwaminis ta Tarayyar Soviet, da lashe mutum debunked. Yawon shakatawa texts sun zama bolder, mafi haƙiƙa. Wanda ya ziyarci kafa a farkon shekarun 1960s, ya ambaci: eksponatury nuna wata babbar lamba, abin da ya gaya game da ci gaban jama'a kiwon lafiya da kuma ilimi. Masu ziyara koya, biyu cikin sharuddan girma na masana'antu don kare muhalli, abin da ke faruwa a cikin masana'antu, "al'ada", sau nawa ya karu da jindadin Soviet jama'a.

A shekarar 1968, akwai wani renaming: da alama bayyana rubutu "Tsakiya Museum of juyin juya halin da Tarayyar Soviet." A shekara, ya aka ba da dama a gudanar da bincike a fannin kimiyya. Babban matsayi na kafa Research Institute wakĩli al'adunmu na ƙarni, aka ba da farko. M matakin na aiki kiyasta jihar-matakin awards. Museology (1984) awon aka buɗe, ya fara nazarin tarihin gidajen tarihi a cikin tarayyar Soviet.

Shin, akwai rai a waje da akida?

Zamantakewa da siyasa matakai na tsakiyar 1980s kasar da aka katse "a kan mayẽwa, na zamaninsu." Wani sabon fassarar baya, a tashi daga nufin hanya zuwa kwaminisanci da sauran zamani yayi sun tura su suyi watsi da akida da farfaganda. Musamman ajiya da aka bude a gare jama'a Viewing.

A shekarar 1998, Museum of juyin juya halin Musulunci halin sāke gina daukan hotuna. GTSMSIR ya zama wata babbar kimiyya da methodological cibiyar, hosting thematic tarurruka na wakilai, gudanar da kimiyya da kuma m azuzuwan. The fadada daga cikin kwarewa zo nan gidan kayan gargajiya kwararru daga ko'ina cikin kasar. All sha'awar mutane da kuma doka abokai iya sa ran samun jagororin, da nassi na sana'a horo.

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