Mene ne wani hydra? Coelenterates Class of hydroid

Daga wannan labarin, za ka koyi abin da wani hydra. Wannan wakilin coelenterates halin da karin hadaddun m matakai a kwatanta da farko kwayar kwayoyin - Sponges. Mene ne peculiarities na tsarin ne dalili? Bari mu dubi tare.

Mene ne Hydra a mythology

Wannan nau'in samun da sunan saboda kamance da mythological gwarzo - Lernaean hydra. A cewar labari, shi ne maciji-kamar dodo tare da m numfashi. Hydra ta jiki da dama kawunansu. Fatattakar shi ba zai iya zama kowa - a shafin na shugaban fariyar a nan da nan girma 'yan sababbi.

Zauna Lernaean Hydra a Lake Lerna, wanda tsaron ƙofar underworld na Hades. Kawai Hercules ya iya yanke ta dawwamar da kai. Bayan ya binne shi a cikin ƙasa, kuma ya jefa wani nauyi dutse. Wannan shi ne karo na biyu da aiki na Hercules da goma sha biyu.

Hydra: Biology

High ikon mai da batattu sassa na jiki ko farfadowa ne halayyar da kuma ga ruwa tare hydra. Wannan dabba ne wakilin irin coelenterates. To, abin da yake a hydra? Wannan guda ruwa tare polyp, wanda aka na musamman a haɗe salon.

Janar halaye na coelenterates

Kamar dukan coelenterate, Hydra ne na cikin ruwa rayuwa. Ya fi son m kududdufi, lake ko kogi da kananan halin yanzu, wanda ba su damar da za a haɗe zuwa shuke-shuke, ko kusa-kasa abubuwa.

Azuzuwan an gabatar Hydroids coelenterates, jellyfish da murjani polyps. Domin duk da wakilainsu ne halin da radial ko radial fasali. Wannan tsarin fasalin hade da wani sedentary salon. A tsakiyar dabba ta jiki iya sa wani kirkirarren aya a kan abin da duk bangarorin rike da haskoki.

All coelenterates ne kwayar dabbobi, amma ba su samar da kyallen takarda. Jikinsu yana wakilta biyu yadudduka na musamman Kwayoyin. Located a cikin hanji lumen, a cikin abin da narkewa abinci. Daban-daban azuzuwan na coelenterates daban-daban hanyar rayuwa:

• Hydroids a haɗe zuwa substrate ta wajen tafin kafa da suna guda.
• Coral polyps ma gyarawa, amma nau'i mazauna a cikin daruruwan dubban mutane.
• Jellyfish rayayye iyo a cikin ruwa shafi. A lokaci guda suka rage da kararrawa da ruwa da aka tura da karfi. Wannan motsi da aka kira mai amsawa.

jiki tsarin

A jikin ruwa tare hydra kama zangarniya. Its tushe ne ake kira da tafin kafa. Tare da shi ya auku dabba da aka makala don karkashin ruwa abubuwa. A daura da karshen na jiki ne da bakinka bude kewaye da tentacles. Yana take kaiwa zuwa cikin hanji lumen.

Hydra jiki bango kunshi biyu yadudduka na Kwayoyin. A waje da ake kira ectoderm. Yana da aka hada da fata da kuma tsoka, jijiya, tsaka-tsaki da kuma harbin Kwayoyin. A ciki Layer, ko indodem kafa na sauran iri - narkewa kamar, kuma glandular. Tsakanin yadudduka na jiki ne da wani Layer na extracellular matrix wanda yana da wani farantin form.

Cell iri da kuma matakai na rayuwa

Tun da jikin hydra ba kafa wani kyallen takarda ko gabobin, duk physiological matakai suna da za'ayi tare da taimakon qware Kwayoyin. Saboda haka, epithelial-murdede samar da motsi. Eh, duk da ajali hanyar rayuwa hydroid iya motsa. A wannan na farko rage epithelial-tsoka Kwayoyin na gefe daya daga cikin jiki, da dabba da aka "tilted", tsaye a kan tentacles sa'an nan saukar da uwa da tafin kafa. Irin wannan tashin ake kira yawo.

Tsakanin epithelial-murdede jijiya Kwayoyin suna star-siffa. Tare da su taimako da dabba gane samuwar kasashe daga muhalli da kuma a wasu hanya da alhakin su. Alal misali, idan touch hydra allura, shi shrinks.

Ectoderm hada da kuma matsakaici Kwayoyin. Za su iya yi mamaki canje. Idan dole, sai suka samar sel wani irin. Shi ne su, sũ ne ke da alhakin babban matakin dawo da waɗannan dabbobi ne. An sani cewa hydra iya gaba daya warke ta bangare na 1/200 ko slurry-kamar jihar.

Daga matsakaiciyar Kwayoyin kafa da kuma jima'i. Wannan na faruwa tare da farko na kaka. A wannan yanayin, da kwai da kuma maniyyi fis samar da wata zygote, da kuma masu juna biyu kwayoyin mutu. A cikin bazara na su ci gaba matasa mutane. Summer hydra sãke ta dake tasowa - kafa kananan hillock, wanda qara a size, nemowa fasali na fara tasawa kwayoyin a jikin ta. Tare da ci gaban da shi raba kashe da kuma canjawa wuri zuwa m zama.

A indodem coelenterates located narkewa kamar Kwayoyin. A cikinsu akwai wani tsagawa na gina jiki. A gland shine yake Kwayoyin asirce enzymes a cikin hanji lumen, sa da abinci da dama cikin guda. Saboda haka, domin a hankula iri biyu hydra narkewa. Suna da ake kira kwayuka da kuma mafitsara.

harbin Kwayoyin

Ba shi yiwuwa a amsa tambaya, abin da yake a hydra, idan ba matsahi na saba da peculiarities na harbin Kwayoyin. A yanayi, an same su ne kawai a coelenterates dabbobi. Tare da su aka kare, lalacewar da kuma samar da riƙe. Saboda haka, su babbar adadin da aka zubar a kan tentacles.

Harbin cell kunshi wani kwantena da wani helically juya thread. A surface na wannan tsarin ne m gashi. Shi ne ya cuce ganima iyon da. A sakamakon haka, da zare ne unwound kuma da ƙarfin digging a cikin wanda aka azabtar ya jiki, paralyzing shi.

By irin coelenterates ikon, hydra musamman ne heterotrophic da yara. Suka ciyar a kan kananan cikin ruwa kwaro. Alal misali, daphnia, Cyclops, oligochaetes, rotifers, fleas, sauro larvae da kifi soya.

Ma'ana coelenterates

Tamanin da hydra a cikin yanayi da farko ya ta'allaka ne da cewa shi abubuwa a matsayin nazarin halittu tace feeders. Yana tsarkake mai ruwa daga dakatar da barbashi, wanda ya ci. Wannan shi ne wani muhimmin mahada ikon haihuwarka ruwa tare. Hydro ciyar da wasu cladocerans, turbellarians da kifi ya fi girma fiye 4 cm. Mal'kov hydra kanta rinjayar da dafin harbin Kwayoyin.

Amma masana kimiyya a tambaya, abin da yake cikin hydra yiwuwa amsa da cewa shi ne sananne abu na dakin gwaje-gwaje gwaje-gwaje. Wadannan siffofin coelenterates nazari farfadowa matakai, Physiology ƙananan kwayar, budding.

Saboda haka, ruwa tare hydra ne wakilin wani aji irin Hydroids Coelenterates. Wannan biyu-Layer kwayar dabba tare da radial fasali, wanda jiki da aka yi sama da dama iri qware Kwayoyin.