Tsari da kuma aiki na mutum tsoka

Muscle ne musamman tsarin mai mutum ko dabba. Ya ƙunshi wani masana'anta da ciwon da ikon ji ƙyama karkashin sakamakon da jijiyar. Next, la'akari da tsarin da kuma aiki na tsokoki a more daki-daki. A labarin da za a bai wa wani rarrabuwa na tsokoki.

haltta

Tsokoki aka gabatar a cikin nau'i na m nama, kunsha na raba zaruruwa. Za su iya shakata da kwangila. A tsoka yana da daure na striated (striated) Tsarin. Wadannan zaruruwa gudu layi daya da juna. Su sadarwa ta wajen connective nama da kuma samar da wata farko-domin katakan. Da dama daga cikinsu kuma alaka. Su, bi da bi, samar da daure na domin 2. A sakamakon haka, duk wadannan kungiyoyi ne united murdede harsashi, yin "ciki." Shin yanzu tsakanin bim connective Layer. Wucewa ta hanyar karshen ciki, suka matsa zuwa tsokoki na jijiya yankin.

Matakai a cikin fiber: wani bayyani

Tun da raguwa da aka jawo da kai CNS lokacinta, sa'an nan daga kowane tsoka jijiyoyi tashi: afferent da efferent. A farko dauke (bisa ga Pavlov) na mota analyzer. Da suke ciyarwa, "murdede ji." Efferent jijiya turu take kaiwa zuwa zaruruwa. Bugu da kari, tsokoki shige m endings. Godiya a gare su, zaruruwa ne a mai kyau siffar - a Jihar kadan ƙanƙancewa. A tsokoki faruwa sosai aiki tafiyar matakai na rayuwa. A wannan batun, da masana'anta yana da wani m jijiyoyin bugun gini cibiyar sadarwa. Jini tashoshi iya shiga ciki gefen a hannu a daya ko fiye shafukan. Wadannan wurare ne da ake kira ƙofofi. A cikin wadannan yankunan, tare da jini a cikin tsokoki, da kuma shigar da jijiyoyi reshe fita da bim, bi da bi - fadin kuma tare.

segments na nama

A tsoka, saboda ya bambanta da ciki - da aiki ɓangare na jijiya - wani m kashi. Tare da taimakon da karshen hannu da ake gyarawa zuwa kashi. Agarar ta gabatar a cikin nau'i na connective nama, m isa, da ciwon wani haske zinariya m launi cewa ya bambanta sharply tare da m-kasa-kasa tint ciki. Yawanci, da jijiya an located a duka biyu gefuna da tsokoki. Wani lokaci yana da matukar gajeren. A irin haka ne, ga alama cewa tsoka motsa kai tsaye daga kashi ko a haɗe a cikinta masa a ciki. Sayen agara receptacles, a cikinta kasa metabolism poorer. Kwarangwal tsoka hada da ba wai kawai striated nama. A cikinsa akwai kuma daban-daban na connective, jijiya, m zaruruwa da endothelium. Duk da haka, shi ne Marinjãyi har yanzu striated nama. Ta fasalin - contractility - da ma'anar da ayyuka na mutum gabobin kamar tsokoki ƙanƙancewa. Kowane tsoka ne mai raba jiki da cewa shi ne wani na game samuwar. Kowace daga cikinsu yana da kansa muhimmi tsarin, siffar, matsayin da kuma ci gaba. Mutane daya-daya da hankali, musamman, wanda yana da aiki na mutum tsoka.

tsokoki aiki

Kusan kowa ya san abin da aikin da aka yi da tsokoki. Hakika, wannan software motsi. Babban tsoka nama dukiya - contractility. Yana gina da tsoka aiki. A kan aiwatar da rage fiber rage auku da kuma haduwa da maki biyu daga abin da aka makala. Daga cikin wadannan rabo biyu daga cikin m janyo hankalin rikicewar. A sakamakon wannan tsari ne qaddara motsi na jiki. By yin wani da aka bayyana mataki, da tsoka samar da tsananin daga wani karfi. Motsi da kaya, misali, mai tsanani daga cikin kashi, da tsoka aikin inji aiki.

Features tsokoki

Yawan zaruruwa cewa yin up tsokoki, da kayyade da ƙarfi. Har ila yau, na babba muhimmanci shi ne yankin na "physiological diamita." Yana yanka girman da wuri, ta hanyar abin da duk tsoka zaruruwa. The girma na rage dogara da tsoka tsawon. Kashi wajen yin motsi a cikin gidajen abinci a karkashin mataki na tsokoki, suna levers (a cikin inji ji). Su za a iya kira sauki inji don matsar da nauyi abubuwa.

A nuances na fiber abin da aka makala

The m tafi daga goyon bayan yankin za su iya gyarawa tsokoki, don haka zai kasance mafi riba. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa mafi girma da liba hannu, da mafi alheri da ikon amfani. A rarrabuwa daga ra'ayi na Lesgaft, dole ne mu bambanta tsakanin:

• Strong tsokoki. Suna a haɗe daga support rabo.
• Dexterous. Wadannan zaruruwa suna gyarawa m da goyon bayan rabo.

Kowane tsoka ne farkon da aka makala. Yana goyon bayan dukan jiki ne kashin baya. An located a kan midline na jiki axis. An fara tsokoki yawanci daidai da tsayayyen batu. An located kusa da tsakiyar part, da kuma a kan wata gabar jiki - to gangar jikin (proximal). Kayyade tsoka, wanda ya yi daidai da m rabo ne located nisa daga cibiyar. A cikin wata gabar jiki, da bi, da abin da aka makala site ne distal, m daga jiki. M da tukwãne rabo iya juyawa. Wannan ya faru a cikin yanayin da a saki wani ajali batu. Har ila yau, canji daga wuraren da aka lura a karfafa m rabo. Za ka iya ganin misali daga tsaye. A wannan wuri da m rabo mike ciki tsokoki zama su sama baki - lankwasawa zai zama babba rabin jiki, da kuma a vise a kan crossbar a hannuwan - ƙananan karshen.

Antagonists da synergists

Tun da motsi ne da za'ayi a biyu gaban kwatance - simintin, sata, lankwashewa-tsawo, - don gudanar da ƙungiyoyi kusa da wani guda axis bukatar shiga ga akalla biyu tsokoki. Su ya kamata a located a tarnaƙi. Tsokoki, wanda faruwa a gaban kwatance, an kira antagonists. A lokacin kowace lankwasawa ya ƙunsa ba kawai flexor, amma extensor. Karshe ne a hankali bada hanya zuwa na farko. Extensor flexor rike shi daga wuce kima ƙanƙancewa. A dangane da wannan abotar inganta tsoka proportionality kuma m ƙungiyoyi. Ba kamar tsokoki da aka bayyana, da resultant na wanda ya ta'allaka ne a cikin shugabanci, kira a matsayin synergists. Dangane da yadda za a hali na ko da motsi da kuma abin da hade da aikin tsoka shiga a gare shi, wannan tsarin na iya zama duka antagonists da agonists (synergists).

canji ayyuka

Wannan tsari ne da lura a wani rai gabar kuma an dauki wani bambance-bambancen da kullum. Elementary tsoka aiki a tsare anatomic su dangane da wani takamaiman hadin gwiwa axis na juyawa. Canje-canje a tsoka yanayin sa rikewa jiki matsayi da kuma ta mutum zones, da kuma ci gaba da sãɓãwar launukansa ilimin kididdiga da kuma tsauri load a kan mota da na'ura. Saboda haka, tsoka aiki canza daidai da matsayi na jiki (ko da wani sashi a wadda mataki) lokaci da kuma dace motsi da ma'amala.

rarrabuwa na tsokoki

A daidai da ayyuka yi da tsokoki kasu kashi extensors, flexors, sakamakon allocating. Akwai ma rotators. Tsokoki, yayin da rage wata gabar jiki wanda ake motsi daga jiki, da ake kira Karkatar. Tsokoki, approximating ga jiki, aka kira jagorancin. Rotators samar da wani juyawa daga daya ko wani sashi na jiki. A cikin jiki, akwai tsokoki na kai, kuma wata gabar jiki, jiki. Bari mu bincika su daki-daki.

akwati

A wannan bangare na jiki yana dauke da ciki tsokoki, da baya da kuma kirji. A karshen hada ciki da waje intercostal tsokoki da kuma diaphragm. Tare da su taimako kwashe numfashi. The aiki na ciki tsokoki samar da lankwashewa da kashin baya zuwa gefe, a gaba da kuma juya ta axis. Su samar da ciki tsokoki. Ya cuts inganta tukar tumbi da fitsari da kuma stool, mai zurfi numfashi, da Generic yi. Surface (latissimus da trapezius) tsokoki na baya samar da motsi da kuma karfafa hannuwansu da kafada abin ɗamararsa. Deep tsokoki gyara kashin baya, lanƙwasa, unbend shi. Tare da su taimako, kamar yadda akwai wani juyawa na kai, numfashi ƙungiyoyi.

babba wata gabar jiki

Akwai kungiyoyin biyu na tsokoki da aka ba. Ware tsoka zaruruwa na kafada abin ɗamararsa. Wadannan sun hada da kananan kirji, da kuma babban deltoid tsarin. Su samar da zama dole motsi. The ayyuka na hannu da dantse tsokoki an rarraba dangane da wuri. A gaban saman ne yatsunsu da wuyan hannu flexors. Ayyuka na raya na jirgin sama na hannu da dantse tsokoki ne kamar yadda unbending. Saboda tsokoki ta hanyar da dama hannunka ƙungiyoyi.

The ayyuka na shugaban tsokoki

Musculature na jiki ne zuwa kashi biyu kungiyoyin - mimic da kuma daukan taban. Zaruruwa karshe fara a gefen da kashi da cheekbones suna gyarawa a kan ƙananan muƙamuƙi. The ayyuka na shugaban na baya tsokoki kunshi a kiwon babba muƙamuƙi. Wannan na tabbatar da mastication. Mimic tsokoki suna da hannu a cikin magana da motsin zuciyarmu. The aiki na madauwari tsokoki located a kusa da ido soket ne rufaffiyar eyelids. A goshin ne frontal tsokoki. Kusa da bakin located orbicularis oris tsoka. Musculature kuma shi ne halin yanzu a cikin kayan ciki. A takaice ya bayyana aiki na tsokoki da su tebur: