Mene ne tarihi song? Historical Songs: Grade 8. Historical Song: Definition

Ancient Rus ... ka rufe idanunka, kuma ga alama wannan hoto: tsohon mutum - da ya riwaito da garaya baya faruwa a cikin nesa a cikin wani dogon homespun shirt, belted patterned igiyar, kusa da shi da wani yãro - mai shiryarwa. Dry iska rustles gashin tsuntsu, da suka kana dabba ba a kanta a fadin steppe zuwa ga tawagar, wanda zai kasance a gaba na majestic hum tonic shayari, tare da solos da sakamako, sunã tasbĩhi game da m heroes, kuma tãyar da yãƙi ruhu ... sa'an nan kuma kara, yada sakon da girman Martial harkokin kare na ƙasar haihuwarmu . Kuma duk da haka - Ilya Muromets zuwa BOGATYRSKY uku-launi doki, yana tsaye kamar dutse da hus na Rasha Land. Daya da m rati da ƙwarƙwata kamar Nightingale da fashi, Idol, Tugarin ...

Historical Songs: Grade 8

Wannan topic ne kunshe a cikin shirin na makarantun a cikin "References" for 8th sa. Saboda haka, ta wannan ɗaba'ar zai zama da amfani ga malamai da] alibai. Babban batun da za a magance wannan labarin:

1. Historical asalin da song: almara.
2. Mene ne tarihi song.
3. Salo akidar da kuma siffofin. Ba kamar da songs of almara.
4. The hulda na tarihi matakai da kuma abun ciki na songs.
5. Main hawan keke.

Bylina - da riga na tarihi songs

Wani zai iya yi tambaya a mamaki: "Kuma inda ne almara, saboda labarin cewa shi ne tarihi song?". Amsar mai sauki ce: shi ne almara, da su melodiousness, musamman prosody kira almara, su, Paradoxically, mythological, tsammani da ci gaban da daga baya irin mutãne art - tarihi songs. Bã su da yawa a cikin na kowa, misali, wani nau'i na shayari, tsarin da solos kuma maimaita, musamman a farkon juyi na songs, kuma suka kasance a cikin wannan jerin wallafe-wallafe - da na baka jama'a art. Me yasa suka kasu kashi biyu daban-daban nau'o'i? Muna gayyatar ka a kan wani mai rumfa darasi "Historical songs: Origins da raya kasa", yi kokarin fahimtar juna.

definition

Mene ne tarihi song? Tabbatar da dalilin da wadannan: baka lyric da almara jama'a songs sadaukar da abubuwan tarihin da. Idan aka kwatanta da epics su ne karami. Ba kamar bylinas hana kashi mythologization haruffa images. Amma a cikin lokacin da suka asalin da kuma ci gaban wadannan biyu abinda ake kira da wannan: "da haihuwa kwanaki". A farko tarihi kwanan wata daga cikin songs na farko da rabi na XIV karni. A farkon songs sun kasance game da mamayewa na mangolawa zuwa Rasha da kuma zalunci na cikin mutanen da suka halitta marinjaya. Alal misali, labarin game da Tatar talala a "Avdotya-Ryazanochke".

Genre siffofin

Mene ne song a cikin tarihi adabi - definition, har yanzu ya kasance matukar: philologists har yanzu muhawara game da ko wadannan su ne ayyukan jama'a art raba salo. Akwai daga cikin malamai, su ne wadanda suka yi imani da cewa tarihi songs ne na daban-daban nau'o'i ayyukan, sõyayya da wanda jigo. A jayayya da aka bayyana a matsayin haka: shi ne guda Genre tare da daban-daban kungiyoyin na songs, ba kama da juna a tsarin. Bayan duk sun samo asali kan tsawon lokacin da hudu ƙarni: daga XIV ga XIX karni. Saboda haka, tarihi songs, yanzu da ake kira "farkon songs" ne da gaske daban-daban daga gaskiya cewa sharuddan a cikin XIX karni a kan batun da form.

XIV-XV ƙarni

A impetus, za su bauta wa ci gaban tarihin da song Genre, sun kãmun Rus hordes na makiyaya da wuya rayuwa karkiyar baki, wanda ya kashe, sata, koro mutane su bauta.

Halitta song "Dudentevich yana kaɗawa," wanda ya ce daga wani boren a kan mazaunan Tver Tatar Chol Khan da hordes, da kuma sake zagayowar na kama na Khan Batu Ryazan.

XVI karni

A wannan lokacin, tarihi song ya zama wata babbar m salo. Ku tuna da scene daga comedy "Ivan Vasilyevich Canje-canje zama"? Mawaƙa, singing game da "kare - Crimean khan" a lokacin idi - shi ne mai kowa sabon abu a lokacin, kuma wannan song - gaske data kasance vocal aiki ", maimakon karfi zatuchilas girgije", wanda ya gaya na Tatar hare-hare da kuma yakin Mlodyah.

Da samuwar matasa, Karkasa jihar, picturesque Tsar Ivan da Munin, ya aiki: da m kasa da kasa da kuma m, umarci ciki, da ci daga Siberia zuwa Ermak - wannan shi ne abin da mutane sai ya rera.

Hawan keke na tarihi songs na XVI karni: "The kama na Kazan", "game da kisan Tsarevich Ivanom Groznym", "Game da Ermak"

XVII karni

A farkon karni XVII a tarihi da ake kira "Time na matsaloli." A wannan lokacin na Rasha tarihi akwai yalwa da masifu: Poland kai hare hare Rasha, Ivan Grozny mutu, zai fara yaƙi da Rasha kursiyin, akwai wani mayẽwa daga yawan ƙiren ƙarya. Mafi shahara daga cikinsu - arya Dmitry, Gregory Otrepyev. Don top shi duka a can ne mai iko m tawaye karkashin jagorancin Razin.

Historical songs wannan lokaci a matsayin madubi nuna duk vicissitudes na tarihi. Domin da farko lokacin da mutane suka fara raira waƙa da saki daga ikon azzãlumai sarki, ƙaho mai bege ga mafi nan gaba. Ya kafa wata sake zagayowar na songs game Razin.

Bugu da kari, song ne jigo na kariya daga kudancin kan iyakar Rasha daga janissaries da Tartars: "Azov fursuna", "dubawa na Cossacks." Yana daukaka masu heroism na talakawa mutanen da suka yi yaƙi da "makiyan Rasha ƙasar": da song of Minin da Pozharsky.

XVIII karni

A Rasha, da Sabunta karni na sake fasalin na Bitrus I gaba daya ya canza hanya ta rayuwa na mutane da yawa. Shubuha hali na mutane zuwa ga abin da ke faruwa a kasar: gabatarwar Turai kwastan, m da dan hanya, qara load a kan kowa mutane, wanda massively aika zuwa aiki a masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa da kuma gina Arewa Venice, sabon rukunnan imani an gabatar da gilla kashe wani yunkurin tada tawaye: tausayin da rabo daga m maharba. Amma a lokaci guda akwai mutane daga wani sauki aji cewa ya zama sarki na m, "doke fitar a cikin duniya." Rasha jihar tsiro a Rasha daular da kuma zama mai karfi da kasar, iya tashi. Daga baya, bayan da jerin fada juyin mulki ne, shi zai fara wani m zamanin Catherine, a zamanin mulkin wanda ya barke da baƙauye yaki jagorancin Pugachev.

Haka kuma, duk wannan da aka nuna a cikin tarihi songs. Musamman rare songs "Oh sarki, Bitrus." Yana da muhimmanci cewa a kan Bitrus I tsara labaru.

A tura daga cikin manoma 'War sa a wani song sake zagayowar game Emelyanov Pugachev.

Bright Star soja Suvorov ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin halittar da yawa Legends kuma songs game da wannan kwamandan. Suka zama mashahuri songs daga cikin sojojin, su mazakuta.

XIX karni

Akwai wani lokaci a lokacin da tarihi song ga mutane ya samu matsayi "haihuwa". A wannan lokaci, rehash haihuwa songs a wani sabon hanyar. Mahalli na sabon ayyukan kara Rasha-Persian (1804-1813), World (1812), Rasha-Turkish (1828-1829) yaki. A songs wannan lokaci siffofi irin wannan soja shugabannin matsayin Kutuzov, Nakhimov, Platov.

Duk da haka, shi ne a cikin XIX karni tsohon Rasha almara fara rayayye rikodi da kuma nazarin masana kimiyya-folklorists, akwai wani? Arfi, cewa a tarihi song, da kuma rarrabuwa da batun. A farkon da XX karni, godiya ga kokarin Miller da kuma goyon baya bincike na Academy of Sciences, sawa na farko song tarin, wanda ya hada da ayyukan 16-17 karni.

Rawar da tarihi songs a al'ada

Almara Heritage Rasha, musamman, tarihi songs, wata babbar tafki na 'yan asalin al'adu. Farko, suna da gaskiya rai na mutane, kuma yana da muhimmanci a kiyaye da memory na asalinsu. Abu na biyu, da songs ne na babban sha'awa ga masana tarihi da kuma philologists kamar yadda ya taimaka mafi wakiltar abubuwan da suka faru na dogon da suka wuce, don gano abin da ya canjãwa ya halartar da Rasha harshen for yawa daruruwan shekaru, don gano zamanin d poetic form.

ƙarshe

Domin mafi alhẽri sha na da girma da wallafe-wallafen jigogi "Tarihin Song" Grade 8 dole a saita zuwa maimaitawa karatu a tarihi aji. Manufa bambance-bambancen da darussa a kan batun - Hadakar Lessons "Wallafe-wallafe - Tarihin", "Wallafe-wallafe - music."