Mene ne Renaissance? TAKAITACCEN tabbatar da dalilin da tarihi mahallin

Renaissance ilmi da wani babban tasiri a kan ci gaban duniya adabi da wasannin fasaha. Mene ne Renaissance matsayin epoch? Maganar da kanta tana nufin "maya haifuwa" kuma shi ne na Italian da kuma Faransa asalinsu. Wannan lokaci kafin al'adun New lokaci zo domin maye gurbin tsakiyar zamanai.

Renaissance: da ma'anar da kuma fassarar da kalmar

The m lokaci frame - daga 14 zuwa 17 karni, a kasashe daban-daban a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban. Babban bambancin daga sauran dazamani - wadanda mutane da al'adu da kuma ta roko ga mutum (anthropocentrism). Tare da sabunta kuzari bayyana sha'awa a cikin al'adun tsufa. Yana da wani irin na ta Tarurrukan. Saboda haka lokaci. Ya bayyana a cikin karni na 19th. A rayuwar yau da kullum da shi da ya shiga Faransa shugaban Zhyul Mishle. A zaurance na kalmar Renaissance nufin metaphorical al'adu farfadowa, ajalin amfani da wani zamani.

Mene ne Renaissance?

Tabbatar da dalilin da Renaissance, kamar yadda wasu irin wani sabon al'adu yayi ta taso a sakamakon duniya canje-canje a cikin rayuwar zamantakewa na Turai a wannan lokaci. Akwai ya kasance a fall na Rum, da kuma wasu mazauna wannan jihar sun gudu zuwa Turai, shan tare da shi da yawa daga cikin dakin karatu da kuma ayyukan art. Daga cikin su - da yawa na zamanin d farko kafofin da suke zuwa yau, iyalinsu ba a sani ba a Turai na tsakiyar zamanai. Tare da ci gaban samuwar kuma na birni-jihohi, da fitowan na zamantakewa azuzuwan free of sana'a hankali halakar da darajar tsarin, wasu na da al'adu (yafi - da coci, al'amari zuwa Allah, ascetic da kuma kaskantar da kai). A farko alamun humanism, wanda dauke da ainihi na mutum da fari, jawabi ga 'yanci, wani aiki m aiki da mutum.

[Aukaka {ara zuwa ga tsufa

Yana fara zargin wadanda mutane cibiyoyin fasaha da kimiyya, adawa da Church iko da kuma bayan shi. Renaissance ganewarsu tana nufin tsufa, a cikin wannan lokaci ya ga wani misali na humanism da rashin austerity. A bugu latsa, ƙirƙira a cikin 15th karni, taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin yaduwar tsoho farko kafofin, kuma tare da su - da sabon ra'ayi na dukan Turai. Daga cikin wadannan sababbin buga folios m hankalinsu su koyi cewa irin wannan tafarkin farfaɗowa. Its core dabi'u: humanism da kuma roko ga mutum mutum, sauki mutum ji, ko siffar na allahntaka batutuwa.

rarrabuwa

Mene ne Renaissance a cikin mahallin lokacin frame? M rarrabe hudu matakai na Renaissance:

1. Protorenessans (13th karni) da ake dangantawa da shiri na Renaissance, Romanesque da Gothic na da hadisai (Italy, Florence). Shahararren wakilan ne Giotto, Arnolfo di Cambio, Benotstso Gotstsoli. A sassaka - iyali Pisano. Giotto aka dauke da kawo canji na zanen (yanzu a baya Renaissance), ciko da addini siffofin wadanda mutane abun ciki ta shiga uku-girma Figures, depicting ciki. A cikin ayyukansu asali nuna fahimtar abin da Renaissance matsayin art daban-daban daga ji na duniya coci.
2. Farkon Renaissance faruwa a Italiya har 1500. Art samunsa cikin latest axioms na rayuwar mutum (lokacin dauka daga gargajiya tsufa). Kuma a Spain, shi ya faru kadan daga baya, a cikin marigayi 15th karni da kuma dade har tsakiyar gaba.
3. High Renaissance faruwa a Italiya a farkon 16th karni. Art Center of Florence, ya koma birnin Roma. Kuma Paparoma Julius II fa, tã yi a karkashin ta reshe yawa artists a Italiya. Roma da aka sa'an nan wani sabon Athens. A birnin da aka gina da yawa gine-gine, ado da sculptures da frescoes. An rubuta wani yawa na hotuna, wanda a wannan ranar suna dauke su real duwatsu masu daraja na kerawa. Duk wani nau'i na zane-zane, azama, influencing juna. Aiki a hankali karatu da kuma tsufa. Mafi shahararren Figures wannan lokaci ne mai girma Leonardo da Michelangelo, kuma Raphael.
4. Late Renaissance kammala a cikin 17th karni (shekara 20). Wasu masu sukar yi imani da cewa ko da tare da fall na Roma (1527) ya ƙare da Renaissance. A ainihi, da definition da shi don haka Heart a cikin shekaru cewa a kawo su a hada ba zai yiwu. A wasu sassa na Turai tun da bikin Counter-canji, wanda ya ƙi dukan free tunani da akida na tsufa. Florence shan wahala Mannerism. A Venice (1570) ya ci gaba da aiki na Titian da Palladio, inda rikicin alama sun kadan shãfe.
5. Northern Renaissance faru bayan 1500 a Jamus nata, Faransa da kuma Netherlands. Wannan Renaissance version ne dan kadan daban-daban daga Italian. Fice wakilan ne Albrecht Durer, Pieter Bruegel.

A Renaissance ya na da muhimmanci milestone a cikin ci gaban da zane-zane, wanda ya ba da duniya mai yawa talented mawallafa, ba tare da wanda ba shi yiwuwa a gabatar da al'adun 'yan adam.