High Renaissance a Italiya

A cikin XV karni a Yammacin Turai, inda da dama ƙarni a cikin al'adun, art da kuma falsafa mulki na da scholasticism, addini Theocentricism, watau tsammãni ga Allah, kafircin duniya rai, wanda aka dauke a prelude zuwa rayuwa ta sama, akwai mai ban mamaki sabon abu, daga baya ake kira da Renaissance, cewa ne Renaissance. Tattalin arziki preconditions ga wannan sabon abu da aka fitowan da kuma ci gaban jari hujja dangantakar, amma Renaissance - shi ne, a sama da dukan, rai-bincike da kuma wani sabon ra'ayi na mutumin da kewaye terrestrial duniya.

Man zama da cibiyar, da gwargwado dukan kõme a duniya. Wannan ya kai ga wani gagarumin sosai siffa daga cikin al'adu da zane-zane na Renaissance - bayyanuwar da kuma ci gaban individualism a wani m mahanga da kuma rayuwar zamantakewa. Rinjaye da karfi a cikin falsafa da kuma ado theories zama humanism, kare darajar da mutum mutum. A wannan yanayin, da amfani mutum - makasudin na zamantakewa da kuma al'adu cin gaban al'umma.

Dalili na sabon bil'adama Renaissance farfado tunani tafi a lokacin da sha'awa cikin da tsoho al'adu, wanda Zagayawar mutum a matsayin duniya matsakaici na zurfin hali dabiu, mai haske hali. Duk da haka, wannan fassarar da mutum ba kawai yarda, shi reinvents. A ciki duniya na mutumin da ya jiki tsarin zama na musamman magana na duniya, iyaka yanayi, ta size daidaita da duniya cewa yana dauke da yiwuwar kai-ci gaba da kuma kai-kyautata.

Renaissance a Italiya

Ilmi da Al'adu na Renaissance fito a Italiya. Wannan zamanin za a iya raba kwanuka huɗu: Protorenessans, wanda ta fara da XIII karni kuma an dauki lokaci na haihuwar sabon tunani. XV karni, a lokacin da farkon Renaissance. ƙarshen XV - farkon XVI ƙarni ta wadãta wani lokaci da ake kira "High Renaissance". A karshe, cikin zamanin marigayi Renaissance da rikicin da ya ideas zo a karshen na XVI karni.

Domin Protorenessansa halayyar yana da matukar dangantaka ta kusa da tsakiyar zamanai, Gothic, Romanesque hadisin a cikin gine-gine da kuma zanen. Duk da haka, a wannan lokacin fãra babban ideas na gaba girma lokaci. A farko harbinger na sake fasalin a na gani zane-zane zama aiki na da sanannen Italian Giotto (Giotto di Bondone). Ya zane-zane ne mafi idon basira a cikin hoton, da Figures mutane da kuma bango a bãyansu ƙato da kuma m. A lokaci guda tasowa da Italian wallafe-wallafe. Ƙirƙiri su poetic Masterpieces na Dante da Petrarch. By lokacin da farkon Renaissance hada da ayyukan da babban Italian artist Sandro Botticelli, wanda zane-zane daidai da m kuma babban sha'awa ga da kyau na duniya mace, suna imbued tare da zurfin humanism da philanthropy.

By tsakiyar XV karni Renaissance a Italiya da kuma cikin Turai ne cikakken kafa. A zanen da adabi wãyi gari marinjãya image na duniya duniya, "full a hankali", mai juyayi da kuma son rai a duk da manifestations na rayuwa duniya da mutum. Rayuwa da real-duniya abubuwa kõma a cikin babban daki-daki. Art ya zama mai idon basira, wadanda mutane da kuma rayuwa-tsantsan. A ci gaba da art da kuma gine da aka nasaba, da saurin ci gaban da na halitta kimiyya da makanikai.

high Renaissance

Highest Renaissance wadãta a karshen cikin XV - farkon XVI ƙarni. Wannan zamani ne da alaka da ayyukan wannan babban artists kamar Leonardo Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, Giorgione, Titian da sauran High Renaissance -. Shi ne ganiya flowering na humanism, wanda aka aiwatuwa a cikin m cikin ado tasiri kira na tsari, launi da kuma abun ciki, nuna a cikin zane-zane na artists. The ayyukan girma Masters bambanta warai m, mai idon basira, dabara shigar azzakari cikin farji cikin ruhaniya da kuma wani tunanin duniyar mutum. A wannan lokacin, artists amfani da sabon ka'idojin zanen, wanda sai da wani gagarumin tasiri a Turai art.

High Renaissance ba hanyar wannan zamanin na rikicin. Kara ci gaba da na jari-hujja suka kai ga jin cizon yatsa ya sa ta mismatch na humanism tare da kewaye gaskiya. Wannan lokaci da ake dangantawa da ya faru na utopias - ayyukan, wadda ake bisa kan dama ra'ayin wani manufa al'umma. A farko da masana falsafa sun utopians Banasare Thomas More kuma Italian Tommaso Campanella. A cikin zanen da marigayi Renaissance ake dangantawa da zuwan Mannerism. Artists mannerists (Veronese, Tintoretto et al.) Gangan embellish gaskiya, aka saba wa ka'idojin jituwa da sikẽli.

Renaissance zama tushe a cikin ci gaba da kuma kafa Turai art. A wannan lokacin, za mu ci gaba da ka'idodi na m halitta, abin da ya bayyana a kara raya al'adu da adabi ta hanyar da shekaru da karnoni.