Mene ne counter-gyare-gyare da shi ke faruwa a Rasha

A na biyu, ɗan Alexander II dauki kursiyin bayan rasuwar wana. Ya aka ba shirya sarauta, duk da wannan, mulkinsa a Rasha aka alama ta da yawa abubuwan da suka dauki quite sabanin sakamakon. Alexander III karyata sassaucin ra'ayi da kuma mulkin demokra nasarorin da kasar. A lokacin da ya Rasha koya abin da wani counter-gyare-gyare, kuma ya ji da sakamakon da ra'ayin mazan jiya gwamnati.

Samuwar sarki imani

Ra'ayin siyasa na Alexander III da aka kafa a karkashin karfi da tasiri na waliyyinsa ya kuma shawarta K. Pobedonostsev. Wannan zama abin ƙyãma siyasa tsayayya da gabatarwar da Rasha haukan Yammacin Turai zamantakewa. Kananan hukumomi ya dauke dole ba, da disposition - "magana shagon", daga abin da ya kamata rabu da. A mutane, a fahimtar Pobedonostsev kamata a je a haifi-sarki. A bukatar kula a cikin ƙasa na Rasha Empire autocracy shawarta sarki a matsayin kawai daidai da manufofin, da kuma wani karkacewa daga hanya, bisa ga shi, zai hallaka a jihar da kuma sunã taimakon kasar cikin rudani.

Watakila nan gaba monarch dã ba su tambaye koyarwar Pobedonostsev, amma da kisan mahaifinsa, Alexander II na, tura da autocratic m zuwa unambiguous karshe. Alexander III yanke shawarar cewa walwalar na Rasha mutane ne ba zai yiwu ba, da kuma zamantakewa da sake fasalin - ne mai hadarin gaske da kuma haifar da rashin tsari.

The siyasa hanya na Alexander III

Babban theses na siyasa hanya na Alexander III kasance a matsayin haka:

• Tabbatarwa daga autocracy, da tabbatarwa daga iko a kan kiyaye caste domin, fadada daga cikin daraja aji gata.
• The kau daga ikon da masu sassaucin ra'ayi 'yan siyasa.
• Tsarin siyasa Rasha ya fara saya fasali na 'yan sanda a jihar. Counter-sauye-sauye na Alexander III ya kai ga zargin Tsaro sashen. A Tsar ta asirin 'yan sanda kallo da siyasa yanayi batutuwa, sarrafawa, kuma idan ya cancanta - kuma hana ƙyãmã na aiki ba tare da fitina.

• Active Russification na kasa kiwo da kuma sabuwar annexed yankuna. Wannan mataki yana da ya hallaka wani ƙoƙari na mayar da kasar ta samu 'yancin kai da kuma shaidar dan kasa. DANNE da ra'ayin na kasa adabi da al'adu da kuma art - kasa Figures a kanta gane cewa wannan counter-gyare-gyare da kuma abin da suke da nasa sakamakon.

Gyare-gyaren da counter-sauye-sauye na Alexander III ba ya hana shi zuwa ciyar quite daidaita kasashen waje da manufofin line. A labarin da ya kira kawo salama, tun da sun fi son a warware matsaloli na kai tsaye bakin soji. A daidai wannan lokaci da Sarkin Rasha ba gudanar da ayyukan soji da kuma bai shiga cikin soja shawararta.

counter-gyare-gyare lokaci

Resistance da gabatarwar Turai dabi'u a cikin Rasha Empire kai ga halittar lamba na siyasa yanke shawara, kula da sarki mana. 1880-1900 shekaru suna masana tarihi counterreforms lokaci a jihar. A wannan lokaci, shi soke yawa m manufofin da canji. Rasha koya abin da wani counter-gyare-gyare, da kuma fara rayar da ka'idodinta Nicholas I.

Mene ne counter-sauye-sauye da kuma yadda aka gudanar da su

Shari'a counter-gyare-gyare jami'an ya fi girma iko a zabin na jurors. Gwamna da 'yancin kalubalanci wani juror ba tare da bada dalilai. An kuma gabatar da gagarumin rage mata dukiya da ilimi da cancantar assessors.

Counter-sauye-sauye na Alexander III ma shafa gida kai gwamnati. Farmers sun ma rage yawan daga cikin wakilan a karamar hukumar, kuma zuwa hereditary nobility, a akasin haka, da ƙa'ida karu. Ƙarin circulars fasalin za ~ en da aka shirya, da sakamako daga abin da yake a rage yawan mutane cancanci kada kuri'ar.

Taƙaitawa a fagen ilimi da kuma bugu m buga wa Musulmai masu sassaucin ra'ayi, wanda har yanzu ba ya gane cewa wannan counter-gyare-gyare. Bayan kafa wata manufa don hana da tabbatarwa daga m halaye a cikin al'umma, m matakan da aka dauka don ƙara ja iko a kan matasa da kuma dalibai. An Rufe haila, jami'o'i suna hana 'yancinsu da walwalarsu, ta ƙara koyarwa kudade da kuma saman management na jami'o'i nada daga sama. Bugu da kari, bisa ga madauwari "A cikin dafa ta yara", ƙananan azuzuwan sun mutane hana da hakkin ya sami mafi girma ilimi.

Babban counter-gyare-gyare, da tebur wanda aka nuna a kasa, a fili bayyana dukan manyan fasali na aiki sarki a hanya zuwa autocratic 'yan sanda sashen.

Counter-sauye-sauye na Alexander III. sakamakon

A sakamakon m siyasa Alexandra peacemaker ya zumunta karfafawa daga ciki rayuwar siyasa na kasar. Amma da so ga 'yanci da dimokuradiyya, bai shuɗe - shi a zahiri fashe a expanses na Rasha, ya zo iko dan Alexander III - Nicholas II.