Mene ne bambanci daga wasu cartilaginous kifi? Class of cartilaginous kifi: description, misalai

Daya daga cikin mafi ban sha'awa na cikin ruwa dabbobi ne kifi. Class of cartilaginous kifi - sharks da kuma haskoki - da gagarumin bambanci daga wasu membobin wannan superclass.

superclass Pisces

Wannan rukuni na dabbobi ne cikakken duk kayan for wani dadi rayuwa a duka sabo ne da kuma gishiri da ruwa. Sama da duka, wannan streamlined siffar jiki, wanda damar motsawa a sauƙaƙe. Jikinsu yana rufe da ɓamɓaroki. Yana kare kifi daga cikin ruwa gogayya da kuma taimaka wajen glide a cikinsa. A fata saki wani yawa na gamsai, kamar yadda ƙarin kariya. Ƙege - wani irin dabaran cewa kayyade ikon motsa. A gill numfasawa, kyale don samar da oxygen daga ruwa, a karshe kayyade mazauninsu wadannan dabbobi.

Kawai musamman hade da tsarin fasali da kifi. Class of cartilaginous kifi da kuma kashi - ne biyu azuzuwan daga wadannan kwayoyin. Duk da kowa yanayi, lalle sũ biyun kama da daban-daban siffofin da kwayoyin.

External tsarin kifi

All kifi, cartilaginous aji na kifi da kashi, da wannan sashi na jiki. Yana da wani ajali kai, gangar jikin da wutsiya. Located a kan gaban da idanu, baki da kuma kafafen hancinsa.

kifi jiki da aka rufe da Sikeli, wanda yake shi ne wanda aka samu jaraba fata samuwar. A gangara-up na ta yadudduka, zaka iya sanin ko yana da shekaru na dabba. Wannan tsari za a iya kwatanta ta da samuwar shekara-shekara zobba a kan wani itace gangar jikin. Bayan da Sikeli tsaya a nan ba girma a cikin hunturu, kuma yana ci gaba da aiwatar da daga isowa na bazara.

Idan ka yi sharks description, shi wajibi ne don nuna gaban gill slits a kan kifi ta jiki. Samuwar su ne guda kuma skates. Ba kamar sauran kifi wanda gills an rufe tare da lids.

A ciki tsarin kifi

All haltta alhakin ruwa rayuwa na wadannan dabbobi.

All, ƙashi na daga cikin kwarangwal ake hada cikin 3 sassa: kai da jiki da kuma fins. Kokon ne a dogara da kariya daga kwakwalwa. Yana da aka hada da ƙasusuwan gill inuwõyi da arcs. Vertebrae, kunsha na jiki, da kuma arcs samar da wata tashar a cikin abin da laka aka located. filafilin kifi kwarangwal hada da katakanta, shiga da tsokoki, sakamakon yunkuri na fins.

All kifi guringuntsi ciki har da, da irin wannan tsarin da narkewa kamar tsarin. An wakilta ta bakin bude, da oropharyngeal rami, esophagus, ciki da hanji. A cartilaginous kifi hanjinsu ƙare dubura, a cikin kashi - da cloaca. Narkewa kamar gland - pancreas da kuma hanta - asirce su enzymes a cikin ducts na kananan hanji.

Gabobi gabatar kasafi kodan - guda biyu kintinkiri-kamar jikinsu a cikinsa na rayuwa kayayyakin tara, manyan waje ta hanyar ureters.

Numfashi amfani da kifi gills, wanda suke iya saki oxygen daga ruwa. Sun kunshi arcs da petals. A fitar kasusuwan jikinsu kifi numfashi ƙungiyoyi suna da za'ayi tare da taimakon da gill rufe. A cartilaginous inhalation bude ga waje ramummuka - 6-7 guda a kan kowane gefe.

A wani rare kungiyar na cikin ruwa dabbobi - lungfish - gills fãce akwai wani karin haske. Amma su zauna a ƙasar da za su iya ba. Saukake ta haɗu da esophagus, kyale su su zauna ruwa tare da low oxygen abun ciki.

Sistem sakulasan ne sistem wakilta biyu-jam'iyya zuciya da jijiyoyin bugun gini tsarin rufe. All kifi ne banda kisan gillar dabbobi. Wannan yana nufin cewa da yanayin jikinsu ya dogara da yanayi.

A juyayi tsarin kunshi da kwakwalwa da kuma laka. A farko daga gare su za a iya gano musamman da ci gaban da cerebellum, wanda kayyade hadaddun ƙungiyoyi daga cikin kifi.

kifi idanu da damar su rarrabe kawai shaci na abubuwa a kusa da iyaka. A muhimmiyar rawa aka buga a cikin kaikaice line ji gabobin da kifi, da abin da suka gane da vibrations na ruwa da kuma ta gudu.

fitar kasusuwan jikinsu kifi

Sũ ne waɗanda suka wakilci mafi yawan wadannan na cikin ruwa dabbobi. Bony kifi halin da hudu babban fasali:

• kwarangwal.
• da gaban da iyo mafitsara.
• gill murfin.
• fata da aka rufe gaba daya da ma'auni.

Swimbladder wakiltar esophagus outgrowth tare da bakin ciki ganuwar cika da gas. Godiya ga gabansa rabo daga cikin kifi tayi. Wannan taimaka da shi da za a gudanar a cikin ruwa sauƙi. Bugu da ƙari, lokacin da oxygen rashi a cikin ruwa a wasu ƙarfi iya wuce daga iyo mafitsara da jini.

Ãyõyin cartilaginous kifi

Amma wannan rukuni na dabbobi, a maimakon haka, yana da wani cartilaginous kwarangwal da gill slits maimakon inuwõyi. Cartilaginous kifi da wani iyo mafitsara. Wannan kayyade hanyar rayuwa da kuma mazauninsu. Saboda haka, gangara ne a kusa da kasa na rayuwa, da kuma sharks ne kullum a motsi.

Very ban sha'awa shi ne su ilmin halitta. Cartilaginous kifi, da bambanci ga kashi, ba rufe gaba daya da ma'auni. An located a jiki na da mutum layuka da kuma samar da wani m abu - dentin. Externally, da Sikeli ne cartilaginous kifi yayi kama da hakora.

Abin da cartilaginous kifi? M ganima. Saboda haka, su hakora ana shirya a dama layuka. Sharks ba tauna su abinci. Su ansu rubuce-rubucen da ganima, da hawaye, da hadiye duka.

Pectorals a cartilaginous kifi suna located in a kwance jirgin sama. Saboda haka, su ƙungiyoyi a cikin ruwa yayi kama da tashin gwauron zabi da tsuntsaye.

m da yara

Description sakamakon shark firgita kowa, ko mafi m mutum. Kuma wadanda suka tsira da gamuwa da predator, ne mai wuya ga son tuna da shi. Wannan shi ne wani hatsari.

Sharks ne gaba daya illegible a cikin abinci. Kuma ko da yake wasu daga cikinsu son ci plankton, mafi fi son wani ya fi girma ci abinci.

Taxonomists ne game da 250 jinsunan sharks. Amma babbar kuma mafi hatsari na su ne Whale da giant jiki tsawon iya isa 15 mita.

Idan masu rinjaye na kifi halin da waje hadi, wasu jinsunan sharks ne ovoviviparous. Caviar riƙe a jikin mace, da kuma bayan ciki hadi na ta girma matasa mutum cewa shi ne gaba daya mai yiwuwa.

stingrays

A duban farko, wadannan m benthic wakilan cartilaginous kifi matsayi babu barazana ga wasu. Amma haskoki ne da yara, preying a kan molluscs, echinoderms da crustaceans.

A yanayi, shi ne mafi kowa stingray, amma ruwa tare jinsunan ma wanzu. Daga cikin jinsunan haskoki - stingray, lantarki, manta, santsi.

Su bayyanar ba zai iya kasa su yaba. mĩƙe jiki a dorsoventrally. Ƙege Fused tare da shi, da kuma cewa ya qayyade sunan wannan kungiya na dabbobi, wanda yake nufin "kabido".

Jikin size ne ma ban sha'awa. Alal misali, tsawon teku-shaidan (alkyabbar) na iya wuce 6 mita, wingspan - to 3. Kuma suka iya auna kamar yadda 2 ton.

Ban sha'awa shi ne gaskiya cewa haskoki iya tashi. Ba son tsuntsaye, ba shakka. Amma, tsalle daga cikin ruwa mita 1.5, suka haifar da ra'ayi.

Ma'ana elasmobranchs

The ayyukan mutane zauna a wuri na musamman na kifi. Class of cartilaginous kifi ba kawai barazana. Fata shark sanya jakunkuna da purses. Nãmõminsu mallaka m abinci Properties, mai ne a tushen bitamin da kuma gano abubuwa.

Stingray ne ma wani abu na cinikayya. Amma da yawa daga cikinsu suna da ha ari ga mutane. hvostokolov tasiri iya zama na mutuwa, da kuma lantarki ray daukan hotuna - kamu da inna.

Cartilaginous kifi ne m wakilan da na cikin ruwa dabbobi cewa taka muhimmiyar rawa a siffata da abinci sarkar da ne batu na wucin gadi kiwo.