Lancet fluke: rai sake zagayowar tsarin. Lancet fluke a cikin mutane: ganewar asali, rigakafin

A yanayi, akwai fiye da 7,000 jinsunan parasitic lebur tsutsotsi. Lancet fluke, ko kamar yadda shi ne ake kira, lanceolate fluke - daya daga cikinsu. Yana aka yada a fadin duk nahiyoyi. Sa'a, da mutumin da m settles rare, amma matukar hatsari ga dabbobi kamar yadda ya ƙãra su da tsanani da rashin lafiya da kuma wani lokacin har ma da mutuwa. A ci gaba da tsutsa ya saba "live" a cikin daban-daban Runduna. Its rai sake zagayowar ne hadaddun, amma da-kafa. Mutane bukatar dauki mai yawa kokarin kare su dabbobi da kansu daga da ake kamuwa da kansu.

Lancet fluke. morphophysiological halayyar

Wannan irin flukes nasa ne da lebur tsutsotsi trematodes. Its girma ne gwada da kananan - da jiki tsawon ba fiye da 10 mm da nisa 3 mm. Azahiri dabba yayi kama da Lancet, Saboda haka da sunan m. Adult kafa tsutsa (Marita) dauke da makamai biyu suckers - ciki ya fi girma, kuma dan kadan karami - baka. trematode jiki ne a kewaye a cikin musculo-murdede jakar. Tsokoki da uku yadudduka - matsanancin zobe, ciki a tsaye da kuma mai gangara. A tsutsa jiki lebur a kan segments an kada ku rarraba. Ya ciki gabobin ake wakilta narkewa kamar, juyayi, excretory, da kuma haihuwa tsarin. Excretory da kuma juyayi - quite sauki. Narkewa kamar tsarin hada da bakinka, pharynx, esophagus da hanji, biyu rassan da mika tare da jiki a tarnaƙi, kuma ƙare ɗimuwa. Undigested abinci m nuna ta bakin. Lancet fluke tsarin da haihuwa tsarin ne quite hadaddun. An wakilta biyu testes da vas deferens, a madauwari, mun gwada da kananan kwai, oviduct, kuma mahaifa ootype, wanda bautarka game da 2/3 na girma na jiki.

haifuwa

Bisa ga haihuwa tsarin na'urar irin lancetshaped fluke tana nufin dauke da lalurar mata. Its haifuwa ya auku ne kawai a karshe, na uku rundunar. Seed balagagge tsutsa samfurori da vas deferens shiga cirrus (ejaculatory jiki), sa'an nan motsa a cikin copulatory (copulatory) jiki. Ootype - musamman kamara da mai m harsashi. Yana take kaiwa ejaculatory bututu na namiji jima'i gabobin, da oviduct canals, vitellaria da mahaifa canal. A ootype kwai hadi auku, da shafi abubuwa da su vitelline membrane. Kafa qwai ciyar a cikin mahaifa, inda motsi zuwa ga uwar rami nunarsa kuma suna located waje jikin wani wanda aka azabtar. Motsi a cikin ta hanjinsu, suna nuna a cikin faeces a cikin muhalli.

qwai

Lancet fluke, da ilimin halittar jiki na kwai wanda shi ne cewa a lokacin da larvae (miracidia) a cikinta ne gaba daya sformirovyvaetsya, yana bukatar 'yan Runduna. A form m qwai ne m, an rufe shi da wani sosai m harsashi, da hula a daya karshen. Su girma sauye a tsawon daga 0,038 zuwa 0,045 mm da wani matsakaicin fadin - daga 0,022 zuwa 0.03 mm. Launi - daga duhu zuwa ga rawaya launin ruwan kasa. Lancet fluke, kamar duk parasitic tsutsotsi, musamman salon. Daya mutum ne iya samar da sama zuwa miliyan qwai a mako. Ba abin mamaki suna da biyu m harsashi, domin bayan da saki da yanayi za su yi jira su na farko rundunar iya tsira da fari, ruwa sosai, zafi ko sanyi.

A farko rundunar

A dukan ci gaban sake zagayowar na trematode lanceolate gudana a ƙasar. A ciyawa live katantanwa da slugs cewa ya kausasa, kamar grater, harsuna cire shuka kyallen takarda. Tsutsa qwai a lokaci guda isa hanji Shellfish. Akwai hatched miracidia. Jikinsu yana partially rufe cilia, da kuma shugaban yana da wani mazugi samuwar - a stiletto. Tare da shi, kowane tsutsa ratsa cikin gibba tsakanin gawarwakin wadanda suka kamu da ta cikin hanji bango, wanda aka saki daga cilia da aka tuba a cikin iyaye sporocysts. Yana hasarar kusan dukan gabobin, fãce da jam sel. Its nufi da ma'anar - don ƙirƙirar mafi girma zai yiwu yawan 'yar larvae cewa bai daina ya tseren lancetshaped fluke. A rayuwa ta sake zagayowar na ya dogara a kan daruruwan hatsarori, saboda miliyoyin qwai kama a cikin ciyawa, kawai sosai karamin sashi ne gano da mai shi. Farfagandar auku budurwa hanya (ta parthenogenesis). A sakamakon haka, akwai sabon larvae (rediae). Bã su da wani SIP, tare da wanda suka tsotse ruwa daga ta rundunar jiki. A nan gaba, haifaffen redia cercariae. Ta hanyar da murdede tsarin da suka isa cikin huhu kilam inda tsaya tare a lumps siffar zobe, ya rufe tare da gamsai. Wani lokaci su iya count zuwa 400 mutane. Katantanwa numfasawa su fitar da kanka a kan ciyawa. Akwai gamsai taurare, kare cercariae daga m tasirin.

Na biyu rundunar

A sake zagayowar na trematode lanceolate ci gaba da tururuwa da cewa ci da bukukuwa tare da larvae. Da zarar a cikin hanji wadannan hadaya dissolves gamsai kuma cercariae form cysts sabon larvae ciki. Wannan ne metacercariae. An yi imani da cewa wasu daga cikin cercariae a cikin jiki zarra dabba ba a kanta wa m Runduna - ganglia, kuma infiltrating zuwa kamu da inna kwari yayin da rage iska zazzabi. Wannan jarrabawa aka tabbatar da hali da marasa lafiya da tururuwa da cewa rayuwa a cikin dumi rana, kamar yadda ya saba, da kuma da yamma ko a hadari, sanyi weather daskare a kan ruwan wukake da ciyawa, kamar yadda idan ya gurgunta. Dabbobi masu shayarwa (ungulates, zomaye, da karnuka da sauransu), cin ciyawa, hadiye irin wannan immovable tururuwa, kuma tare da su da larvae na m. Da zarar a jikin karshe rundunar, metacercariae ƙaura zuwa ga hanta, inda suka kafa wata matasa lancetshaped fluke. A rayuwa ta sake zagayowar daga cikin m daga wannan lokaci an maimaita.

dicroceliasis dabbobi

Dukan dabbobi suka ci abinci kamuwa da tururuwa da lafiya dicroceliasis. A karnuka, wannan ya auku ta hanyar cin abinci, wanda yana da tururuwa. Dabbobi zama lethargic, maras nauyi kamarsa ba, tsumburai. Su mucous membranes zama jaundiced launi. Subtotal cuta - cirrhosis ko bile bututu kumburi.

Dicroceliasis ãyõyin cuta a cikin ungulates kamar awaki, tumaki:

• zalunci.
• gashi hasara, ta dullness.
• yellow mucous.
• maƙarƙashiya ko zawo.
• coma (tare da immobility juya a kan ta gefen wuyansa, kuma idanu rufe). hali na rashin lafiya dabbobi ne quite high.

Wannan yadda hatsari m ne Lancet-dimbin yawa fluke. Tsarin da kuma siffofin da ta qwai da kuma larvae damar su yin tsayayya da yanayi zazzabi daga +50 zuwa -50 digiri. Su mutu kawai a cikin yanayi a lokacin da ya ce da zazzabi Manuniya karu sosai. Kuma ya zauna a cikin tumbi, da za su iya game da wani shekara.

dicroceliasis mutum

Duk yadda salon kuma aka lancetshaped fluke, mutum cuta shi sa ne m, domin bukatar shiga cikin ciki na marasa lafiya da tururuwa. Topically zuwa hanta kamuwa da dabbobi akwai wani ƙarya kamuwa da cuta, ba bukata magani. Kuma, duk da haka, dicroceliasis mutane samun lafiya. Kamuwa faruwa da ingestion na tururuwa a kan wani misali mutum abinci (gurasa, kayan lambu, da dai sauransu), ta hanyar cin marsa wanki makiyaya zobo, a lokacin da a sanya a cikin bakin ruwan wukake, a kan abin da akwai tururuwa, kuma haka a. Bayyanar cututtuka da cutar:

• rashin jin daɗi da kuma zafi a cikin hanta .
• zawo ko maƙarƙashiya.
• nauyi asara.
• yellow mucous.

magani

Lanceolate trematode m kawai a cikin hanta da bile ducts. Mutane suna bi da kwayoyi "Triklobendazol" da "Praziquantel". Arin ba a bukata.

Lokacin da ƙarya dicroceliasis shawarar zuwa ki daga cin naman da lafiya dabbobi. Magunguna a cikin wannan harka ba su amfani.

Domestic ungulates yi wa "Politremom", "Panacur." Allurai an sanya dangane da nauyin da dabba. Da miyagun ƙwayoyi da aka gauraye da abinci da kuma ba da safe. Akwai ma da kwayoyi da aka allura intramuscularly.

yin amfani da "Geksihol" kuma na nufin "Karsil" aka yi amfani da daidaita da hanta domin lura da karnuka.

rigakafin

Animals dicroceliasis gudanar da wuya kuma sau da yawa ƙare a mutuwa. Sashe na daga cikin dalilin haka shi ne cewa a cikin ãyõyin da cutar suna bayyana lokacin da natsuwa a cikin hanta tsutsa cinma high lambobi (misali, a cikin tumaki fiye da 10,000 mutane). Saboda haka, to babu matsala lancetshaped fluke, rigakafin ne da muhimmanci. An deworming dabbobi. Kamar yadda na tumaki, da sauran dabbobi, shi ne da za'ayi a cikin 1.5 shekaru, a cikin 3, 5 da kuma 7 da shekaru. Kana bukatar kuma ka saka idanu da yanayin da makiyaya, kawar da zargin mazauninsu na Shellfish - bushes, kankara. Taki a filayen kamata cire decontaminated biothermal Hanyar.

Mutane dicroceliasis flash mafi sau da yawa a yankuna inda aka zaci akwai kwari, amma daga gare su, da kuma tururuwa. Har ila yau, a wasu kasashe suke amfani da jama'a magani. Domin kada ya "kama" a fluke, mutum na bukatar bi sauki dokoki na kiwon lafiya.