Kremlin - shi ne wani birane da ginin. Ma'anar kalmar "Kremlin"

Kremlin - shi ne irin birni kufaifan. Wadannan gine-gine na farko ya bayyana a Kievan Rus. Subject na labarin - tarihin tsohon Rasha gine-gine, kazalika da etymology na "Kremlin" ra'ayi.

ma'ana

Mene ne ma'anar wannan ra'ayi ne da aka ba a cikin kamus? Kremlin - wannan ne bisa ga kamus Dahl, a sansanin soja dake a cikin birnin. Rasha lexicographer ya ba da wannan ra'ayi a yawan fassarorin. Daga cikin su akwai irin wannan archaisms kamar yadda Detinets, Fort.

morphological abun da ke ciki

"Kremlin" - wani suna namiji. Hada da wannan rabe-naúrar daga tushen da sifili kari na baya baki.

A almarar-rubuce texts amfani da wannan yana nufin na magana, a matsayin personification. Its manufa dogara ne a kan siffar wani matattun abu kamar mai rai. misalai:

1. A Kremlin bayar a karshe gargadi.
2. A Kremlin ya bayyana kwadayin takura da zanga-zanga da wannan shirin.

A cikin wadannan misalai, da suna, da darajar wanda aka dauke a cikin labarin, an gano da manufar "ikon". Kremlin a Moscow, ya dade da personification na jihar ikon kasar. Wannan kalma ne sau da yawa samu a siyasa adabi, amma shi ne a irin wannan fassarar ba ko da yaushe samun wani m connotation.

cognates

wasu manufofi kafa daga sunaye ne da aka ba a cikin ƙamus Dahl, ake magana a kai a cikin wannan labarin. Ga misali: "da Kremlin". Wannan ra'ayi ne ba nadiri a cikin zamani Rasha harshe. Amma ga siffa "Kremleva" wanda kuma ambaci Dahl, yana da wata kalma zuwa sansanin soja m. Kremleva kira wata itãciya, a tsaye kadai a bude.

Mene ne "Kremlin"? Tamanin da kalma, kamar yadda tsayayya wa etymology, ba sa jayayya tsakanin masana ilimin harsuna. Wannan irin na da gine-gine, wanda da zarar kan wani lokaci da aka yanke shawarar kafa itace. Amma saboda da yawa gobara, da gine-ginen na zamanin d Rasha, kamar su Turai da takwarorinsu, sun riƙi wani m yanke shawara domin maye gurbin itacen a kan dutse. By wannan hanyar za ka iya karba kawai biyu tushen kalmomi. A zamani magana gana kawai daga gare su. misalai:

1. Kremlin asirin karni na ashirin da kuma sun kasance ta kasa warwaruwa.
2. A Kremlin bango a cikin shimfiɗar jariri take kaiwa zuwa tsoron shi.
3. A fuska fitar da wani shirin kishin Kremlin matansu.

Kamancin

Wanne ne kusa a darajar Concepts iya tara da suna "Kremlin"? Ma'anar kalmar - wani sansanin soja, USAID. Wadannan matsalolin ne ma synonymous. misalai:

1. Moscow Kremlin - wani sansanin soja, dake a cikin zuciya na babban birnin kasar da kuma yana da babban tarihi da kuma m darajar.
2. Kremlin - An ƙarfafa, kunsha na ganuwar da kuma da dama hasumiyarki.

labarin

Capital janye ne daya daga cikin mafi shahara a duniya. "A Kremlin ... Abin da yake cewa gini?" Kusan kowace mazaunin na Moscow, a kan ji wannan tambaya, zai tuna kawai daya daga cikin tsoho sansanin soja, wanda aka located a tsakiyar gidansa garin. Ganin cewa a mafi janar ma'anar kalmar "Kremlin". Mẽne ne tun kafin Muscovites san, a cewar wasu masu bincike, da mazauna Astrakhan. Kuma asalin wannan kalma ba Rasha. A cikin tsohon sansanin soja da suke a kowane birni Rasha. Duk da haka, irin wannan gini da ake dangantawa da farko tare da m gine-gine gungu, dake a cikin zuciya na babban birnin kasar.

A Moscow sansanin soja da aka gina a 1156. A gobara ba nadiri a cikin waɗancan kwanaki. Kuma haka, idan dai da mazauna Moscow sarauta ba koya don amfani a gina mafi robust abu, ba su da lokacin da za a kafa sabon kufaifan, tsara don ajiyewa daga maƙiyi mamayar.

Gina wani m bango na dutse da shi ya faru a karon farko Dmitry Ivanovich. Domin wadannan dalilai, da farar ƙasa da aka dauka. Kuma bayan da sabon sansanin soja da aka gina, a tsakiyar birnin Moscow da ya samu da fuska ta hanyar abin da babban birnin da yanzu ake kira da fari dutse. A zamani view na Kremlin da aka kafa a cikin marigayi karni na sha biyar. Gine-ginen daga ko'ina Rasha ya isa a birnin domin su shiga a cikin shiri na wuraren ban sha'awa, wanda shi ne a yau, a cikin XXI karni, Russia so, kuma murna zukatan 'yan kasashen waje.

Pskov

The kalmar "Kremlin", da darajar da muka riga muka bincika a wannan labarin, suturta da irin yi, wanda shi ne ba a da yawa tsoho Rasha birane. A Pskov, an kuma kira Crom. An located kusa da mahaɗar tsakãninsu Mai girma da Pskov. The asali gini na itacen samo asali a cikin ƙarni na takwas. Na farko da dutse kufaifan sun yiwuwa a karni na goma. Pskov Kremlin ya dade bauta don adana abinci reserves. Inda ba wanda ya rayu. Sata daga wannan shagon da aka dauke shi cin amanar kasa da hukuncin kisa.

A wasu birane

Kremlin a Tula aka gina a karni na sha shida. Yana gina wannan gini ga fiye da shekaru goma. Ba kamar ta takwarorinsu, da Tula Kremlin maƙiyi taba daina. Karkashin ganuwar ta sha wahala fiye da daya kashi dakarun kasashen waje.

Katako Kremlin a Astrakhan aka gina a cikin tsakiyar karni na sha shida. A dutse aka gina ta Ivan da Munin. A karo na farko da kufaifan kasance sosai suna fadin. Outbuildings faru a kan da dama ƙarni. Da farko, da Kremlin da takwas hasumiyarki. Yana tsira har yau bakwai.

Bugu da kari a Moscow, Pskov, Astrakhan da Tula Kremlin yana a birane kamar Kolomna, Zaraysk, Tobolsk, Kazan, Suzdal. Kowane daga cikinsu yana da babban tarihi darajar.