Mene ne Hydraulics? Fassara da ra'ayi

Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa kayan kasance a cikin tsofaffin tsarin amfani a cikin m aikin injiniya. By kanta, da manufa na mechanized mataki hankali hasarar da munasaba kamar yadda ya matse mafi nagartaccen tuki wajen. Amma saboda da iyaka yiwuwa na hadawa sabon kuma mafi tsada mafita a yankunan da yawa kula da matsayi da kuma na gargajiya makanikai. Mene ne hydraulics aiki a wani zamani mahallin? Wannan kayayyakin more rayuwa, wanda aka hannu a inji, Tsarin da kuma wurare, samar da isasshen karfi wajen actuate aikin raka'a da majalisai.

Ainihin definition of hydraulics

Daga cikin ra'ayi na kimiyya, hydraulics - wani sashe na ilimi, rufe da dokoki na motsi da kuma ma'auni na ruwaye. The mai ruwa-ruwa matsakaici a daya nau'i ko wata ne mai babbar bangare na binciken a cikin wannan shugabanci. Bugu da kari a msar tambayar bincike da gwaji da masana kimiyya da hannu a cikin gwaje-gwaje, sakamakon wanda ya samar da tushen ga bayani daga matsaloli na amfani da aikin injiniya. Kimiyya ayyukan kishin dokokin ruwa motsi ta hanyar bututun tashoshi, kogin gadaje da kuma na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa da inji. Amma ga cikakken fahimtar abin da hydraulics a wani kimiyya mahallin, ba za mu iya yi ba tare da alaka da tarbiyya, kayayyakin aiki, wanda aka jawabi a binciken. Wadannan sun hada da kimiyyar lissafi, lissafi da kuma shiryawa. biyu kwatance na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa da karatu ma alama - a tsaye da kuma tsauri riƙa. Hydrodynamics kiwata tambayoyi na kinematics na ruwa kamar yadda irin wannan, amma mafi daidaitacce zuwa hydrostatic dokokin na hulda da taya tare da wasu ruwaye da daskararru.

Hydraulics Engineering

Har yanzu da aka sani da kimiyya na hydraulics sashe ne ba kamar yadda fadi a kwatanta da Kalam a cikin m Sphere. A wannan aiyuka ilmi-tushen tsarin aikin injiniya ayyukan - misali, daya daga cikin tsofaffin kayayyakin na hydraulics ne wandararre. Yau, da dokokin da makamashi ruwaye su ne tushen ga cigaban lambatu tsarin, reciprocating kayan aiki, samar da ruwa da sauransu. D.

A mafi yawan lokuta irin wannan aikin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa ta shirya yadda tuki da karfi domin tuki da raka'a aiki. A classic misali ne na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa na'ura. A general mu iya kacokan wannan definition na aikin injiniya da hydraulics - a sa na inji yi abubuwa, wanda na'urar shafi yin amfani da wani ruwa kamar wani aiki yanayi. Amma wannan ba ya nufin cewa ruwa ne tushen karfi. Yana kawai makamashi fassara da cewa shi ne a haɗe zuwa wasu sunadaran, wanda, bi da bi, kunna ta lantarki Motors da kuma ikon raka'a a kan wani ruwa ko m-man fetur.

Nau'in na na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa jeri

Aiki na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa inji sake zagayowar dogara da kewaye ta hanyar abin da ruwa circulates. Wannan kwane-kwane ne daidai da kayyade lokaci na aiki na ruwa, a lokacin da ta samu yana ikon daga engine da kuma watsa shi zuwa wasu tsarin da aka gyara. Iri biyu dabam dabam jeri za a iya bambanta a wannan mahallin - tare da bude da kuma rufe cibiyoyin.

A cikin farko idan da ruwa iko bawul a lokacin aiki na fistan samar da wani dual fitarwa. Wancan ne, sigogi na matsa lamba canji dangane da halin yanzu matsayi na fistan, da ruwa za a iya aika zuwa wajibi sake zagayowar ko baya cikin bawul. Yana shirya da motsi na da cuta daga cikin fistan da bawul.

Don gane da manufa na aiki na rufaffiyar tsarin shi wajibi ne don komawa zuwa definition of abin da hydraulics, da kuma yadda shi interacts da powertrain. Tun hydraulics ne kawai da kayayyakin more rayuwa, wanda aka shirya da aikin raka'a bauta wa ruwa, shi ne ma'ana cewa makamashi na aiki yanayi na iya zama gaba daya dogara a kan ayyuka na fasaha kayan aiki. A wannan yanayin da wannan aiki aiki farashinsa da kuma bawuloli, gaba daya rufe kewaye.

Rarrabuwa da irin drive

Daban-daban tsarin, bayar da unregulated da kuma sarrafawa actuators. Model dauke unregulated na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa drive, cikinsa da famfo matsa lamba nuna alama ne ko da yaushe kafa dabi'u yayi dace. Bayanai da akayi rakodi dole ne zama ya fi dokin matakin na kaya matsa lamba. Wannan ne, haifar da wani tsiri index, wanda shi ne daidaita da famfo.

A ko rashin amfani wannan inji hada da manyan hasarori a cikin ikon, tun rike akai high matsa lamba inefficiently a low lodi. A cewar wannan makirci, misali, an wani lokaci ya yi na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa excavator, da iko support abubuwa. Tun da yake wannan aiki ya ta'allaka da wani gata a sharuddan da aminci, da masana'antun da sadaka surpluses cardinality tasiri. Duk da haka, a cikin wannan excavator unregulated drive goyon bayan za a iya supplemented da daidaitacce tsarin da aka gyara zuwa amsa ga aikin haše-haše. Wannan irin famfo samar da wani na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa drive da matsa lamba drop saboda ta daidaita bawuloli da compensator da directional sakamako.

na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa accumulators

Sassan nema ruwa da makamashi da kuma hakar tara na'urorin. Irin wannan tsarin da ake kira gidroemkostnymi samar da makamashi da kuma ruwa, wanda shi ne a karkashin matsin lamba a lokacin aiki. A wannan yanayin, baturi kanta sau da yawa wani ɓangare na inji na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa drive.

Akwai daban-daban iri na'urorin - musamman, pneumatic da kuma bazara. A masana'antu da shi da ake amfani da kuma tara high-matsa lamba hydraulics, wanda wuraren an yi sauki amma m kaya handling lodi. Ko da kuwa da irin accumulator dole ne kula da matsa lamba a daidan matakin, tare da wannan togiya da smoothing da yayyo na vibration saboda da damping sakamako.

Farms ga na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa da tsarin

Mafi na kowa irin sunadaran dake inji tare da haše-haše - a cikin wannan excavators, tractors kuma girbi motocin. Yadu amfani hydraulics a su model da zanen kaya na Minsk Hoor Shuka (MTZ).

Standard, wanda aka yi amfani da waɗannan tractors hada da farashinsa, bawul, da kuma piping cylinders. Wajibi sake zagayowar, wanda ya samar da overcurrent hydraulics, za a iya wakilta kamar haka: m shiga daga cikin tanki da famfo, da aka mika wa rabawa, shi ne wani fistan kungiyar da kuma koma ga tanki. Rikidar bawuloli da cylinders ga aiwatar da tsari na hade kayan aiki sadarwarka ta wajen levers wanda shawo kan dafifin ruwa a cikin fistin kungiyar, dangane da halin yanzu aiki.

Service na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa sunadaran

M tabbatarwa ne yawanci iyakance ga lubrication ayyukan da mutum sassa da kuma gyara daga cikin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tsarin. A lokacin jarrabawa da mutum a cikin cajin kuma nuna alamun lalacewa, nakasawa da kuma lalacewa. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, hydraulics gyara an rage wa maye fistan liners, da sandunansu, kuma iyakoki. A yau da kullum domin na sabunta kaya a cikin nau'i na O-zobba.

ƙarshe

Hydraulics - wannan shi ne daya daga cikin sauki hanyoyin da za a samu wani inji karfi yana nufin samuwa. Su fahimci abin da hydraulics, da kuma abin da za ta amfane shi ya kawo ga talakawan mai amfani, za a iya kawo sunayensu a matsayin wani misali na yin famfo kayan aiki. Lambu ruwa famfo tashoshin aiki a kan na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa injiniya ka'idoji, jawabin da mafi ƙarancin makamashi. A wani mataki na kama makircinsu aiki compressors da pneumatic kayan aikin.