Kolomna, Cikin Gidan Cathedral Cathedral: bayanin, tarihi da kuma abubuwan da suka dace

Cikin Cathedral da ake zargi a Kolomna, wanda ke kan iyakar kasar Kolomna Kremlin, yana sha'awar kyawawan ƙarancinta, sauƙi mai sauƙi. Yana tsaye kamar kyandir, wanda wuta ta jagoranci zuwa sama, yana cike da addu'a ga Rasha da mutanensa.

An kaddamar da babban coci da kuma dawo da shi, daga tsaunuka tare da kasarsa. Yana da littattafan sama na sama, tsarkaka waɗanda suka yi aiki a nan, ƙaunar da ke ƙauna ga mutane, waɗanda sukan tattara kudade mai yawa don gyaran coci.

Wane ne ya gina katangar Assumption a Kolomna?

Lokacin da sojojin Rasha suka ci gaba da yaki da Golden Horde a kan Kogin Vozhe, dukan Rus ya yi murna. St. Dmitry Donskoy da aka sanya a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar wannan taron na Cathedral na Assumption a Kolomna. A karni na 14 an sami babban nasara a Kulikovo akan Mamai. Kuma kawai a wannan lokaci an gina ginin coci.

A wannan lokacin, mahaifin ruhaniya da mai kula da jarida na St. Dmitry Donskoy, Mista Metropolitan Michael, ya yi hidima. Mutumin kirki ne, wanda aka zaɓa a matsayin shugaban Rasha, ya mutu da mutuwar mai mutuwa a hanyarsa zuwa Constantinople. Ginin Ikilisiya ya zama alama ce ta kubutar da mutane daga rikon Tatar-Mongol.

Ɗauran ɗakunan na Cathedral na Assumption

Ɗaya daga cikin Ikilisiyar da aka sadaukar da shi ga Dormition na Uwar Allah, kamar yadda yake a wannan biki cewa dakarun sun koma birni da nasara, wanda ya nuna addu'ar da ta yi masa addu'a. Hakika, ta yi addu'a sosai don nasara kuma ya albarkaci sojojin tare da babban shrine - ta Don icon.

Wani zauren Ikklesiya ne aka tsarkake don girmama Dmitry Solunsky, kamar yadda Dmitry Donskoi ya yi la'akari da ubangijinsa na sama.

Domin saman biyu chapels aka zaba Saint Nikita, da aka sani da mu'ujizai da yawa, da kuma St Leonty Rostovsky, wanda wa'azi a Rostov kuma aka kashe Majusawa.

Haikali a Dmitri Donskoy

A wannan lokacin, Cathedral da ake kira Multi-domed Cathedral a Kolomna ya yi kama da sauran majami'u a Moscow.

Haikali da aka gina a Dmitriy Donskoe ya tsaya a wannan tsari har 1672. An yi masa fentin bayan rasuwarsa, matarsa ta shirya aiki, wanda ya jagoranci gudanar da ayyukan da yawa.

A cikin babban coci yana da kayan ado. Wuraren bautar sun Don icon na Uwar Allah, wanda yake a cikin ɗauka cewa Cathedral a Kolomna (marubucin shi ya Feofan Grek), Ioanna Krestitelya sauran kaya. Babban babban ɗakin karatu ya taru a cikin haikalin.

Dukan tarihin Ikilisiyar Assumption a Kolomna yana da nasaba da tarihin Rasha, da nasarar da ya faru da kuma abubuwan ban mamaki.

Kolomna coci da Yahaya m

A lokacin mulkin Ivan da mummunan yanayi, ranar 23 ga watan Yuni, 1552, a cikin Cikin Cathedral na Kolomna, Vladyka Theodosius, ya yaba wa sojojin domin aikin soja tare da Tatars a Tula, ya umarci kowa kada ya bar majami'ar sai Allah ya nuna nufinsa. Bayan haka, makiya suka koma baya.

Kwana goma bayan haka, tsarin mulkin Rasha ya yi tafiya a kan Kazan, sai Ubangiji ya ba Sarki John ɗakin sujada na haikali - gunkin Donskoi Uwar Allah. Yahaya Mai Girma ya ɗauki icon zuwa Moscow, ya aika da jerin sunayen kirki guda biyu don komawa ga haikalin.

Bulus na Aleppo game da haikalin

Ikilisiyar dutse mai tsabta ta ba da alama a kan Bulus na Aleppo, yana mai da hankali sosai a cikin littafinsa. A ciki yana sha'awar ra'ayinsa mai girma, iska, kayan ado na gida, da katako na katako da gine-gine. Yayi bayani game da bagadai, windows, cellars da crypts. Hakika, kyawawan ƙarancin Cathedral da ke Kolomna, waɗanda aka yi wa ado tare da arches, kayan ado mai kyau, shahararru guda goma sha biyu masu girma dabam, musamman gamsuwan masu imani. Muryar da aka yi wa manyan karrarawa kamar tsawar, wanda aka ba da ruwa mai yawa da kuma tudu har tsawon kilomita da yawa, da kuma mutane, suna sauraron karrarawa, sun durƙusa zuwa haikalin kuma an yi musu baftisma.

Belfry na Cathedral

An gina gine-gine na babban babban ɗakuna a cikin karni na 17. Tsarin gine-gine mai tsayi yana kambi da dome.

Girman bayyanar ginin yana jaddada muhimmancin abin da ke faruwa a ciki. Bayan rufe katolika a shekara ta 1929, dukkan karuwanci sun lalace, yanzu an mayar da belfry, kuma mai suna Pimen ya zama mai daraja ga sarki.

Maidowa da sabuntawa na haikalin

Cikin Cathedral da ake zargi a Kolomna, wanda St Dimitry Donskoy ya gina kuma ya tsaya a cikin ƙarni da yawa, an yanke shawarar sake sake ginawa. Saboda wannan, aka rabu da shi a shekara ta 1672, an ba da aikin ga mai tsara kirkiro Meleti Alexeyev.

A ginin sabon gine-gine na katolika ya sa fararen duwatsu masu tsabta a cikin gida, wanda aka rabu da wuri mai tushe, ya sake gina shi tare da tubalin tubalin, kayan da aka tanadar da kayan aiki sunyi amfani da su a sabon tsarin. Aikin ya ɗauki kimanin shekaru goma. Sauran gyare-gyare akai-akai da gyaggyarawa kullum canza fuskar haikalin.

An maye gurbin rufin katako a ƙarshen karni na 18 tare da baƙin ƙarfe, sa'an nan kuma an shigar da sabon iconostasis, rabin karni daga baya an canza siffar surori. A farkon karni na 19 an kaddamar da majami'ar. A wannan lokacin, babban firist a cikin babban coci shi ne Mikhail Drozdov, mahaifin mai suna Philaret na Moscow.

Wasu canje-canje da suka faru a ƙarshen karni na 19 an gyara su kuma sun sake dawowa yayin ayyukan gyaran gyaran gyare-gyare a 1963. A shekara ta 1999, an gina babban coci kuma an sake tsarkake shi ta sarki Alexy II.

A Warriot Patriotic na 1812 da kuma feat na Father John

A lokacin da aka kashe wuta a Moscow a 1812, mazaunan Kolomna sun ga babban haske. Duk wanda ya iya, a cikin tsoro, ya bar birnin: mazauna, jami'an da suka jefa wadanda aka ji rauni, ciki harda da yawa firistoci, suka gudu. A cikin Cathedral Assumption har yanzu ya kasance archpriest John Tverdovsky tare da magajin garin Fedor Andreevich Dashkov. Suna kira yau da kullum zuwa farkon sabis na Allah da kuma yin sacraments.

Kwanan gashi sun san dubun mutane. Sun ji su kuma sun fahimci cewa Kolomna na da lafiya. Gaskiya ne na biyayya ga ma'aikatar.

Masu Tsarki na Haikali

Tarihi na Cathedral Uspensky a Kolomna yana da nasaba da tarihin Rasha, mutanensa da kuma malaman. Dmitry Donskoy da Yahaya Mai Girma sun sami albarka a nan kuma sun kai ga nasarar sojojin da siffar Don Mother of God Icon.

A cikin wannan coci Saint Iov yayi aiki, Bishop na Kolomna - na farko da sarki na Moscow da kuma dukan Rasha. Ya sami kyakkyawan ilimi na addini, da farko ya kai ga monasticism, ya dauki shi a kan iyayensa, don haka babu wani abin da zai hana shi ya ba da ransa don bauta wa Allah da kuma Uba. Tsar Ivan da mugunta ya jawo hankalinsa a yayin da yake tafiya zuwa masallatai. Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama babban mashahuri na ƙarshe da kuma na farko na dukan Rasha. Ya kasance a cikin gyare-gyare na Ikilisiya da aikin mishan, ya shirya bugu da littattafan liturgical.

A nan ne babban marubuci mai suna John of Kronstadt ya yi addu'a yayin ziyararsa a Kolomna, dubban muminai sun yi marhabin da shi, an gudanar da babban tsari. Yawancin ministoci sunyi aikin halayen ruhaniya a nan, an girmama su zama tsarkaka, kuma mutane da yawa sun cancanta, kuma sunaye sunaye ne ga Allah.

Sabon shahidai na haikalin

Dubban malamai bayan juyin juya hali sun zama mummunan azabtarwa, yanke hukunci da kuma hijira.

Gidan tsarkaka sun cika da sunayen wadanda suka karbi alherin shahadar Kristi, basu musunta ba kuma sun mutu tare da addu'a a bakinsu.

Dimitry Vdovin ya haifa kuma ya tashi a cikin iyali mai sauƙi, ya shiga kasuwanci kuma yayi hidima a haikalin shugaban. Daga 1922 zuwa 1927, lokacin da yake da haɗari ga rayuwa har ma da yarda cewa kai Kiristanci ne, ya yi aiki a matsayin Kwamandan Cikin Cathedral a Kolomna. A takaice dai, idan mukayi magana game da sakamakonsa, ya kamata mu lura da babban abu: an zarge shi da furofaganda na Soviet. An kama shi tare da sauran malamai. A shekara ta 1937, lokacin da ake tambayoyi, ya tabbatar da cewa an ba da mai bi da shi zuwa sansanin inda ya mutu da tarin fuka.

Bayan kammala karatunsa daga seminary, ya yi aiki a Cathedral Uspensky a Kolomna har zuwa 1918, Sergei (Bazhanov), sa'an nan kuma aka sanya shi firist, ya koma garin kauyen Troitsky. A karo na farko da aka kama shi, kiyaye 2 shekaru a kurkuku, sa'an nan kuma aka aika zuwa wani gandu sansanin. Lokacin da aka sake shi, sai ya ci gaba da hidimarsa. Amma a 1937, an sake kama mahaifin Sergius zuwa gidan kurkuku na Taganskaya, kuma bayan makonni biyu sai aka harbe su a binne ba a sananne ba.

Daga 1920 zuwa 1929, Bishop Fedosy (Ganitsky) yayi aiki a coci. A lokacin da ya zo Kolomna, ya rigaya ya fuskanci tsananta da kuma kama shi, ya biyo bayan kulawa akai-akai. Duk da kome, ya yi aiki, ya yi wa'azi kuma ya haskaka. Ya zauna a can 2 shekaru a Butyrskaya kurkuku, ya bi ta hanyar 5 shekaru a Kolomna. An haife shi a matsayin saint a shekara ta 2006 a matsayin firist.

Al'ummar Ikklisiya sun kare magoya bayan ministoci, sun sanya hannu, sun yi kira ga NKVD. Yana yiwuwa ɗaya daga cikinsu ya biya shi da rai da 'yanci. Bayan kama Bishop Theodosius a shekara ta 1929, aka rufe Cathédral Assumption a Kolomna, wanda zai iya kama shi, ya ɓata, ya ɓata duk gumakan, ɓangare na gilashin iconostasis. Amma menene za a iya kwatanta da jinin adali, wanda magoya bayansa sun mamaye ƙasar Rasha.

Revival na rayuwar ruhaniya na Kolomna

Rayuwa na ruhaniya na Kolomna ya fara ci gaba da hanzari tun 1989 daga karkashin jagoranci da addu'o'in Nikolai Kachankin.

An bude makarantar Lahadi inda yara da manya zasu iya nazarin Linjila da Nassosi, dokar Allah, tsari na ibada, waƙoƙi.

Halittar 'yan uwan Orthodox da sunan St. Prince Dimitri Donskoy a shekarar 1991 ya kasance wani muhimmin abu a duniyar Moscow. Yana da hannu a ayyukan ilimi da sadaka. Kungiya ta ƙungiyar Orthodox ta matasa, ƙungiyar ta yi aiki da nau'o'i daban-daban, kungiyoyin 'yan kasa, cibiyar kiwon lafiya na ilimi "Life". A cikin ɗakin shakatawa masu yawa na iyalan ci. 'Yan uwa suna wallafa jaridar "Blagovestnik".

A ranar Easter, akwai bikin na waƙar kide-kide, kide-kide na ban mamaki, inda za ka iya fahimtar al'adun gine-ginen Ikilisiya, ayyukan marubuci da kuma ɗakuniya masu ban sha'awa.

Godiya ga ƙauna, sallah, da ayyukan tsarkaka, haikalin ya wanzu a yau kuma yana buɗewa ga duk waɗanda suke so su halarci hidimar Allah, saurare ga waƙar waka mai ban mamaki, sa kyandirori da tunani game da abubuwan ɓoye.